§ 4-7 CERTIFICATE OF OPERATION.

   Not more than 30 days after the completion of the construction, installation or modification for which the installation permit was issued, the person shall apply in writing to the Director for a certificate of operation. After the Director has determined that such air contaminant source is completed in compliance with the installation permit and that such source will be operated pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance and pertinent State law, the Director shall issue a certificate of operation to the permit holder. Such certificate shall be kept posted at all times on or near the installation for which it was issued.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)

§ 4-8 PERMIT SYSTEM EXEMPTIONS.

   The permit does not apply to:

   (a)   Cooling and ventilating equipment.

      (1)   Cold storage refrigeration equipment;

      (2)   Comfort air conditioning or comfort ventilating systems not designed to remove air contaminants generated by or released from specific units of equipment;

      (3)   Natural draft hoods or natural draft ventilation;

      (4)   Water cooling towers and water cooling ponds not used for evaporative cooling of process water or not used for evaporative cooling of water from barometric jets or from barometric condensers.

   (b)   Cleaning, washing, or drying equipment.

      (1)   Vacuum cleaning systems used exclusively for industrial, commercial or residential housekeeping purposes;

      (2)   Equipment used for portable steam cleaning;

      (3)   Blast cleaning equipment using a suspension of abrasive in water and any exhaust system or collector serving them exclusively;

      (4)   Equipment used for washing or drying products fabricated from metal or glass, if no volatile organic materials are used in the process and no oil or solid fuel is burned;

      (5)   Laundry dryers, extractors or tumblers for fabrics cleaned with only water solutions of bleach or detergents.

   (c)   Furnaces, ovens and heaters.

      (1)   Natural gas fired or liquefied petroleum gas-fired or electrically heated furnaces for heat treating glass or metals, the use of which does not involve molten materials;

      (2)   Porcelain enameling furnaces or porcelain enameling drying ovens and any exhaust equipment serving them exclusively;

      (3)   Kilns for firing ceramic ware, heated exclusively by natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas or any combination thereof, or heated electrically, and any exhaust system or collector serving them exclusively;

      (4)   Blacksmith forges;

      (5)   Crucible furnaces, pot furnaces or induction furnaces, with a capacity of 1,000 pounds or less each, in which no sweating or distilling is conducted, nor any fluxing conducted utilizing free chlorine, chloride and fluoride derivatives and ammonium compounds;

      (6)   Gas fuel and No. 1 and No. 2 fuel-oil burning equipment with a maximum heat input of 100 million Btu per hour used for space heating, service water heating or electric power generation and indirect heaters used in oil and gas producing and process operations;

      (7)   Incinerators, fuel-burning and cooking equipment used in connection with a structure designed and used exclusively as a dwelling for not more than two families;

      (8)   Bakery ovens and confection cookers where the products are edible and intended for human consumption, and any exhaust system or collector serving them exclusively.

   (d)   Testing and inspection equipment.

      (1)   Laboratory equipment used exclusively for chemical or physical analysis or experimentation except that used for controlling radioactive air contaminants;

      (2)   Equipment used for hydraulic or hydrostatic testing;

      (3)   Equipment for inspection of metal products.

   (e)   Containers, reservoirs or tanks. Used exclusively for:

      (1)   Dipping operations for coating objects with oil, waxes or greases, or natural or synthetic resins containing no organic solvents;

      (2)   Electrolytic plating with, electrolytic polishing of, or electrolytic stripping of the following metals: brass, bronze, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, and precious metals;

      (3)   Storage of butane, propane or liquified petroleum gas;

      (4)   Storage of lubricating oils.

   (f)   Miscellaneous.

      (1)   Maintenance structural changes or minor repairs not involving any change in the quality, nature or quantity of the emission of air contaminants therefrom;

      (2)   Equipment used for any mode of transportation;

      (3)   Internal combustion engines;

      (4)   Vacuum pumps in laboratory or pilot plant operations;

      (5)   Unheated solvent dispensing containers or unheated solvent rinsing containers of 60 gallons capacity or less;

      (6)   Portable brazing, soldering or welding equipment;

      (7)   Grain, metal or mineral extrusion presses;

      (8)   The following equipment and an exhaust system or collection serving it exclusively:

         a.   Drop hammers or hydraulic presses for forging or metal working;

         b.   Die casting machines;

         c.   Equipment for surface preparation of metals by use of aqueous solutions, except for acid solutions;

         d.   Atmosphere generators used in connection with metal heat treating processes;

         e.   Equipment used exclusively for sintering of glass or metals, but not exempting equipment used for sintering metal bearing ores, metal scale, clay, fly-ash or metal compounds;

         f.   Equipment for carving, cutting, routing, turning, drilling, machining, sawing, surface grinding, sanding, planning, buffing of polishing of ceramic art work, leather, metals, plastic, rubber, wood or wood products, on a nonproductive basis;

         g.   Photographic process equipment by which an image is reproduced upon material sensitized to radiant energy.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975; Ord. 2501, passed 6-2-1975)

§ 4-9 STANDARDS FOR DENSITY OF EMISSIONS.

   No person shall cause or permit to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from any single source of emission whatsoever any visible air contaminant of a density darker than No. 1 on the Ringelmann Chart or greater than 20% opacity except:

   (a)   Any visible air contaminant of a density not darker than No. 2 on the Ringelmann Chart or greater than 40% opacity may be emitted for a period or periods aggregating not more than three minutes in any sixty minute period, but such emissions shall not be permitted on more than three occasions during any twenty-four hour period.

   (b)   Where the presence of uncombined water vapor is the only reason for failure of an emission to meet the requirements of this section.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)

§ 4-10 GRADING VISIBLE EMISSIONS.

   (a)   Darkness of a visible emission of an air contaminant shall be graded by using the Ringelmann Chart or by means of a device or technique which results in measurements of equal or better accuracy.

   (b)   Opacity of a visible emission of an air contaminant shall be graded by observers trained by and certified by the Michigan Air Pollution Control Division, Department of Natural Resources using a device or technique approved by and on file with the Michigan Air Pollution Control Commission.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)

§ 4-11 FUGITIVE AIR CONTAMINANT EMISSIONS.

   No person shall cause or permit the emission of any fugitive air contaminant into the outdoor atmosphere from any air contaminant source whatsoever, including but not limited to vehicular movement, transportation of materials, construction, alteration, demolition, or wrecking, or commercially or industrially related activities such as loading, unloading, storing or handling of materials, without taking reasonable precautions to prevent such emission. Whenever any fugitive air contaminant escapes from a building or equipment in such manner and amount as to cause a nuisance or to violate § 4-9 or any other provisions of this ordinance, the Director may order that the building or equipment in which a processing, handling and storage are done be tightly closed and ventilated in such a way that the air contaminant leaving the building or equipment is treated by abatement process before discharge into the outdoor atmosphere.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)

§ 4-12 OBJECTIONABLE ODOR PROHIBITED.

   No person shall cause, allow or permit the discharge of air contaminant which cause or contribute to objectionable odor.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)

§ 4-13 OPEN BURNING.

   (a)   No person shall dispose of refuse or other waste materials by open burning, or cause or permit open burning of refuse or other waste materials except where permitted.

   (b)   No person shall maintain an open fire except as follows.

      (1)   Fire for noncommercial cooking of food for human consumption. Such fire shall be fueled by charcoal or propane gas only.

      (2)   Fire for training personnel in methods of fire fighting upon notification by writing to the Director.

      (3)   Fires for other essential purposes for which written approval has been granted by the Director.

   (c)   Violation of this section shall be a municipal civil infraction punishable by a fine pursuant to §§ 1-10 through 1-21.

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975; Ord. 3623, passed 9-13-2004)

§ 4-14 EMISSION OF PARTICULATE MATTERS.

   It is unlawful for any person to cause or allow the emission of particulate matter from any air contaminant source in excess of:

   (a)   The maximum allowable emission rate listed in Table I.

   (b)   The maximum allowable emission rate specified as a condition of a permit to install and certificate of operation.

   (c)   The maximum allowable emission rate as determined by Table II below for sources not covered in subsections (a) and (b).

Table I Particulate Matter Emission Schedule
Source		Maximum Allowable Emission at Operation Conditions(a) (Pounds Particulate per 1,000 Pounds Gas)
A.   Fuel burning equipment	Capacity Rating in Pounds Steam per Hour
1.   Pulverized coal (includes cyclone furnaces)	0 – 1,000,000	See Figure 1* for maximum emission limit
	Over 1,000,000	Apply to Director for specific limit
2.   Other modes of firing coal (other than pulverized)	0 – 100,000	0.65
	100,000 – 300,000	0.65 – 0.45(b)
	Over 300,000	Apply to Director for specific limit
B.   Incinerators	Ratings in Pounds Waste per Hour
1.   Residential apartments Commercial and industrial(c,d)	0 – 100	0.65
	Over 100	0.30
2.   Municipal	All	0.30
3.   Pathological(d)	All	0.20
C.   Steel manufacturing
1.   Open hearth furnaces(d)		0.10
2.   Basic oxygen furnaces(d)		0.10
3.   Electric furnaces(d)		0.10
4.   Sintering plants		0.20
5.   Blast furnaces		0.15
6.   Heating and reheating furnaces		0.30
D.   Ferrous cupola operations	Total Plant Melt Rate in Tons/Hours
1.   Production cupolas	0 – 10	0.40
	11 – 20	0.25
	21 and over	0.15
2.   Jobbing cupolas		0.40
3.   Electric arc melting		0.10
4.   Sand handling		0.10
E.   Chemical and mineral kilns		0.20
F.   Asphalt paving plants		0.30
G.   Cement manufacture (up to 15,000 barrels per day kiln capacity)
1.   Kiln — wet or dry process		0.25
2.   Clinker coolers		0.30
3.   Grinding, crushing and other material handling		0.15
Note: It is required that a maximum allowable emission listing be applied for to the Director for any kiln installation which will result in a total plant kiln capacity in excess of 15,000 barrels of cement per day.
H.   Iron ore pelletizing	Gas Flow Rate (SCFM)
Grate kilns and traveling grates	Greater than 600,000	Apply to Director for specific emission limit
	300,000 – 600,000	0.10
	100,000 – 300,000	b:0.15
	100,000 or less	0.20
Footnotes    (a)   Fuel burning and refuse incineration limitations shall be calculated at 50% excess air.    (b)   Emission limitations for specific ratings are determined by linear interpolation between the ranges shown.    (c)   These emission limitations do not apply to domestic incinerators (defined as having not over 5 cubic feet of storage capacity.)    (d)   Afterburner or approved equivalent is mandatory.    (e)   Differentiation between jobbing and production foundries:       Cupolas used in a jobbing foundry are the same as those used in a production foundry and will vary in size only according to the quantity of iron melted per hour. However, the cupolas in a jobbing foundry will be run intermittently for just long enough at one time to pour the molds that are ready on the foundry floor, job by job. This might be for a two to four-hour period per day for any number of days per week.       Production foundry cupolas will melt continuously to pour a succession of molds that are constantly being prepared to receive this continuous flow of iron. This could become 8 hours, 16 hours or 24 hours per day for any number of days per week. *Editor’s note: Figure 1 is not set out herein, but is on file and available for inspection in the office of the City Clerk.

 

Table II Allowable Rate of Emission Based on Process Rate(a)
Process Weight Rate		Rate of Emission Lbs/Hr	Process Weight Rate		Rate of Emission Lbs/Hr
Lbs/Hr	Tons/Hr		Lbs/Hr	Tons/Hr
100	0.05	0.55	16,000	8.00	16.5
200	0.10	0.88	18,000	9.00	17.9
400	0.20	1.40	20,000	10.00	19.1
600	0.30	1.83	30,000	15.00	25.2
800	0.40	2.22	40,000	20.00	30.5
1,000	0.50	2.58	50,000	25.00	35.4
1,500	0.75	3.38	60,000	30.00	40.0
2,000	1.00	4.10	70,000	35.00	41.3
2,500	1.25	4.76	80,000	40.00	42.5
3,000	1.50	5.38	90,000	45.00	43.6
3,500	1.75	5.95	100,000	50.00	44.6
4,000	2.00	6.52	120,000	60.00	46.3
5,000	2.50	7.58	140,000	70.00	47.8
6,000	3.00	8.56	160,000	80.00	49.0
7,000	3.50	9.49	200,000	100.00	51.2
8,000	4.00	10.4	1,000,000	500.00	69.0
9,000	4.50	11.2	2,000,000	1,000.00	77.6
10,000	5.00	12.0	6,000,000	3,000.00	92.7
Footnotes    (a)   Interpolation of the data in this table for process weight rates up to 60,000 lbs/hr shall be accomplished by use of the equation:    E = 4.10P0.67 and interpolation and extrapolation of the data for process weight rates in excess of 60,000 lbs/hr shall be accomplished by use of the equation E = 55.0P0.11 - 40, where E = rate of emission in lbs/hr and P = process weight in tons/hr.    Process weight — The total amount of all material introduced into a source operation, including solid fuels, but excluding liquid fuels and gaseous fuels when these are used as fuels and air introduced for purposes of combustion.    Process weight rate — For continuous or long-term operations: The total process weight for the entire period of operation or for a typical portion thereof, divided by the number of hours of such period or portion thereof.    For batch operations: The total process weight for a period which covers a complete operation or an integral number of cycles, divided by the hours of actual process operation during the period.

 

(Ord. 2494, passed 5-12-1975)