1809.5.2.3 Plain concrete footings.

The thickness of plain concrete footings supporting walls of other than light-frame construction shall not be less than 8 inches (203.2 mm) where placed on soil.

   Exception: For plain concrete footings supporting Group R-3 occupancies, the thickness is permitted to be 6 inches (152.4 mm), provided that the footing does not extend beyond a distance greater than the thickness of the footing on either side of the supported wall.

1809.5.2.4 Placement of concrete.

Concrete shallow foundations shall not be placed through water unless a tremie or other method approved by the commissioner is used. Where placed under or in the presence of water, the concrete shall be deposited by approved means to ensure minimum segregation of the mix and negligible turbulence of the water.

1809.5.2.5 Protection of concrete.

No shallow foundation shall be placed on frozen soils unless the soils are maintained in frozen condition throughout the service life of the structure being supported. No foundation shall be placed in freezing weather unless provision is made to maintain the underlying soil free of frost. Concrete shallow foundations shall be protected from freezing during depositing and for a period of not less than five days thereafter. Water shall not be allowed to flow through the deposited concrete.

1809.5.3 Masonry-unit footings.

The design, materials and construction of masonry-unit footings shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 21.

1809.5.4 Steel grillage footings.

Grillage footings of structural steel elements shall be separated with approved steel spacers and be entirely encased in concrete with at least 6 inches (152.4 mm) on the bottom and at least 4 inches (101.6 mm) at all other points. The spaces between the elements shall be completely filled with concrete or cement grout.

1809.5.5 Timber footings.

Refer to Chapter 23.