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a. It shall be unlawful for any person to use, move, or remove, or to cause or permit to be used, moved or removed, or to aid or assist in using, moving or removing, any building, structure, or crane, used in connection with the construction, repair or demolition of buildings or other structures within the building line into, along or across any street, without a permit from the commissioner.
b. The applicant for such a permit, where there are car tracks or overhead wire construction, must obtain and file with the application the consent of the company affected.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
a. It shall be unlawful for any person to use hand trucks for commercial purposes upon any street unless each hand truck shall have attached thereon a sign or plate displaying the name and address of the owner of the hand truck, in letters not less than one inch in size.
b. Corrective action request. If any person violates subdivision a of this section or any rules promulgated pursuant thereto for the first time, the commissioner shall notify such person of such violation and request that action be taken to correct such violation in such a manner within 30 days and shall afford such person an opportunity to contest the commissioner's finding in a manner set forth in the rules of the department. The commissioner may assess a fee for the administrative expense and the expense of additional inspection which the department may incur as a result of such violation.
(Am. L.L. 2021/080, 7/18/2021, eff. 11/15/2021)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104 and L.L. 2021/080.
a. For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall be defined as follows:
(i) "priority regulatory sign" shall mean a stop sign, yield sign, do not enter sign, or one way sign;
(ii) "traffic control signal" shall have the same meaning as set forth in section one hundred fifty-four of the vehicle and traffic law or any successor provision thereto.
b. The department shall maintain a log of notices regarding priority regulatory signs and traffic control signals that are missing or damaged to the extent that any such sign or signal is not operational, visible or legible to a motorist who must obey or rely upon such sign or signal. Such log shall include the date and time such notice was received and the date and time on which such priority regulatory sign or traffic control signal was repaired or replaced, or the date on which a determination was made that repair or replacement was not warranted and the reason for such determination.
c. The department shall within three business days of receiving notice that a stop sign, yield sign or do not enter sign is missing or damaged to the extent that such sign is not visible or legible to a motorist who must obey or rely upon such sign either (i) repair or replace such sign or (ii) make a determination that repair or replacement is not warranted.
d. The department shall within seven business days of receiving notice that a one way sign is missing or damaged to the extent that such sign is not visible or legible to a motorist who must obey or rely upon such sign either (i) repair or replace such sign or (ii) make a determination that repair or replacement is not warranted.
e. Within twenty-four hours of receiving notice that a traffic control signal is missing or damaged to the extent that such signal is not operational or visible to a motorist who must obey or rely upon such signal the department shall:
(i) repair or replace such signal,
(ii) implement alternative measures to control traffic if such repair or replacement will take greater than twenty-four hours, or
(iii) make a determination that repair or replacement is not warranted.
f. This section shall not apply with regard to traffic control signals at a location where multiple traffic control signals are present and facing the same direction in the same intersection and one or more of such signals remains operational.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
Editor's note: this section has been amended by L.L. 2024/120, 12/13/2024, eff. 6/11/2025.
a. Definitions. For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
1. "Newsrack" shall mean any self-service or coin-operated box, container or other dispenser installed, used or maintained for the display, sale or distribution of newspapers or other written matter to the general public.
2. "Person" shall mean a natural person, partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other association.
3. "Sidewalk" shall mean that portion of a street between the curb lines or the lateral lines of a roadway and the adjacent property lines, but not including the curb, intended for the use of pedestrians.
4. "Crosswalk" shall mean that part of a roadway, whether marked or unmarked, which is included within the extension of the sidewalk lines between opposite sides of the roadway at an intersection.
5. "Crosswalk area" shall mean that area of the sidewalk bounded by the extension of the lines of a crosswalk onto the sidewalk up to the building or property line.
6. "Corner area" shall mean that area of a sidewalk encompassed by the extension of the building lines to the curb on each corner.
7. "Board" shall mean the environmental control board of the city of New York.
8. "Close proximity" shall mean a distance adjacent to an area designed to facilitate safe ingress or egress that will reasonably permit and protect such safe ingress or egress.
b. Requirements. It shall be a violation for any person to place, install or maintain a newsrack on any sidewalk unless such newsrack is in compliance with the provisions of this section.
1. The maximum height of any newsrack containing a single publication shall be fifty inches. The maximum width of any such newsrack shall be twenty-four inches. The maximum depth of any such newsrack shall be twenty-four inches.
2. No newsrack shall be used for advertising or promotional purposes, other than announcing the name and/or website of the newspaper or other written matter offered for distribution in such newsrack.
3. Each newsrack used to sell newspapers or other written matter shall be equipped with a coin return mechanism in good working order so as to permit a person to secure a refund in the event that the newsrack malfunctions.
4. The owner or person in control of each newsrack shall affix his or her name, address, telephone number, and email address, if any, on the newsrack in a readily visible location and shall conform such information to any changes required to be reported to the department in accordance with the provisions of subdivision c of this section. In no event shall a post office box be considered an acceptable address for purposes of this paragraph.
5. Subject to the limitations set forth in this section, newsracks shall be placed near a curb.
6. A newsrack shall not be placed, installed or maintained: (a) within fifteen feet of any fire hydrant; (b) in any driveway or within close proximity of any driveway; (c) in any curb cut designed to facilitate street access by disabled persons or within two feet of any such curb cut; (d) within close proximity of the entrance or exit of any railway station or subway station; (e) within any bus stop; (f) within a crosswalk area; (g) within a corner area or within five feet of any corner area; (h) on any surface where such installation or maintenance will cause damage to or will interfere with the use of any pipes, vault areas, telephone or electrical cables or other similar locations; (i) on any cellar door, grating, utility maintenance cover or other similar locations; (j) on, in or over any part of the roadway of any public street; (k) unless eight feet of sidewalk width is preserved for unobstructed pedestrian passage; (l) in any park or on any sidewalk immediately contiguous to a park where such sidewalk is an integral part of the park design, such as the sidewalks surrounding Central Park or Prospect Park; (m) on any area of lawn, flowers, shrubs, trees or other landscaping or in such a manner that use of the newsrack would cause damage to such landscaping; or (n) where such placement, installation or maintenance endangers the safety of persons or property. Any limitation on the placement or installation of newsracks pursuant to this paragraph shall be no more restrictive than necessary to ensure the safe and unobstructed flow of pedestrian and vehicular traffic, and otherwise to assure the safety of persons and property.
7. Every newsrack shall be placed or installed in a manner that will ensure that such newsrack cannot be tipped over.
c. Notification to city of location of newsrack.
1. (a) Where a newsrack has been placed or installed on a sidewalk before the effective date of this section, the owner or person in control of such newsrack shall, within sixty days after such effective date, submit to the commissioner a form identifying: (i) the address of such newsrack; (ii) the name of the newspaper(s) or written matter to be offered for distribution in such newsrack; and (iii) the name, address, telephone number, and email address of the owner or person in control of such newsracks; and representing that such newsracks comply with the provisions of this section.
(b) Any other owner or person in control of a newsrack shall, prior to placing or installing such newsrack on a sidewalk, submit to the commissioner a form providing the information in clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph.
2. Subsequent to the initial notification requirements set forth in paragraph one of this subdivision, the owner or person in control of any newsrack shall submit the information set forth in subparagraph a of such paragraph once a year to the commissioner in accordance with a notification schedule to be established by the commissioner. However, if the number of newsracks owned or controlled by such owner or person increases or decreases by ten percent or more of the number of newsracks that have been included in the most recent notification required to be submitted by such owner or person, such owner or person shall also be required to submit the information set forth in such paragraph within seven days of such change, and provided, further, that such owner or person shall advise the department of any change in his or her name or address within seven days of such change.
3. Notification to the city, as required by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this subdivision, may be submitted to the department electronically.
d. Indemnification and insurance.
1. Each person who owns or controls a newsrack placed or installed on any sidewalk shall indemnify and hold the city harmless from any and all losses, costs, damages, expenses, claims, judgments or liabilities that the city may incur by reason of the placement, installation or maintenance of such newsrack, except to the extent such damage results from the negligence or intentional act of the city.
2. Each person who owns or controls a newsrack on any sidewalk shall maintain a general liability insurance policy naming the city of New York, and its departments, boards, officers, employees and agents as additional insureds for the specific purpose of indemnifying and holding harmless those additional insureds from and against any and all losses, costs, damages, expenses, claims, judgments or liabilities that result from or arise out of the placement, installation and/or the maintenance of any newsrack. The minimum limits of such insurance coverage shall be no less than three hundred thousand dollars combined single limit for bodily injury, including death, and property damage, except that any person who maintains an average of one hundred or more newsracks at any one time shall maintain such minimum insurance coverage of one million dollars. An insurance certificate demonstrating compliance with the requirements of this subdivision shall be submitted annually by December 31st to the commissioner by the person who owns or controls such insured newsracks. Should said policy be called upon to satisfy any liability for damages covered by said policy, the policy must be of such a nature that the original amount of coverage is restored after any payment of damages under the policy. Failure to maintain a satisfactory insurance policy pursuant to this subdivision or failure to submit an annual insurance certificate to the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision, shall be deemed a violation of this section subject to subparagraph b-1 of paragraph one of subdivision f of this section.
e. Maintenance, continuous use, repair and removal.
1. Any person who owns or is in control of a newsrack shall certify once every four months to the commissioner on forms prescribed by the commissioner that each newsrack under his or her ownership or control has been repainted, or that best efforts have been made to remove graffiti and other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions at least once during the immediately preceding four month period. Such person shall maintain a log in which the measures and the dates and times when they are taken are recorded in accordance with a format approved or set forth by the commissioner. Such person shall maintain records for a period of three years documenting the use of materials, employees, contractors, other resources and expenditures utilized for the purpose of demonstrating the repainting or best efforts of such person to remove such graffiti or other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions. Such person shall, solely for the purposes of complying with the provisions of this paragraph, make such log and such records, and only such log and such records, available to the department for inspection and copying during normal and regular business hours and shall deliver copies to the department upon its request. Such inspection may only be conducted by the department once per certification period. If the department determines that such certification, log and records do not accurately demonstrate that an owner or person in control of a newsrack has repainted or used best efforts for such purposes as required by this paragraph, or upon a determination by the department that an owner or such person failed to comply with any other provision of this paragraph, the department shall issue a notice of violation in accordance with subparagraph b-1 of paragraph one of subdivision f of this section.
2. Any person who owns or is in control of a newsrack shall use best efforts to ensure that each newsrack under his or her ownership or control is not used as a depository for the placement of refuse and shall be required to remove any refuse placed within such newsrack within forty-eight hours of receipt of a notice of correction from the commissioner as provided in subparagraph a of paragraph one of subdivision f of this section regarding such condition.
3. In no event shall the owner or person in control of a newsrack fail to keep such newsrack supplied with written matter for a period of more than seven consecutive days without securing the door so as to prevent the deposit of refuse therein. In no event shall such newsrack remain empty for a period of more than thirty consecutive days.
4. Any newsrack that has been damaged or is in need of repair shall be repaired, replaced or removed by the owner or person in control of such newsrack within seven business days of receipt of a notice of correction from the commissioner as provided in subparagraph a of paragraph one of subdivision f of this section regarding such damage or need for repair. If such newsrack has been damaged, or if it is in a state of disrepair, such that it constitutes a danger to persons or property, it shall be made safe within a reasonable time following receipt of such a notice of correction from the commissioner regarding such condition.
5. Any damage to city property resulting from the placement, installation, maintenance or removal of a newsrack shall be repaired promptly by the owner or person in control of such newsrack. If a newsrack is removed from its location on a sidewalk, the owner or person in control of such newsrack shall be responsible for restoring the sidewalk and any other affected city property to the condition existing prior to installation of that newsrack.
f. Enforcement.
1. (a) Whenever any newsrack is found to be in violation of any provision of subdivision b of this section or paragraphs two, three, four or five of subdivision e of this section, the commissioner shall issue a notice of correction specifying the date and nature of the violation and shall send written notification, by regular mail, to the owner or person in control of the newsrack. In addition, the commissioner may send a copy of such notice of correction to a person designated by such owner or person to receive such notice, and/or the commissioner may send such notice by electronic mail to such owner or such person specifying the date and nature of the violation. However, failure to send a copy by regular or electronic mail will not extend the time period within which such owner or other person is required by any provision of this section to take action, nor will such failure result in the dismissal of a notice of violation issued pursuant to any provision of this section. The commissioner shall cause photographic evidence of such violation to be taken. Such evidence shall be sent by regular mail together with the notice of correction. Except as otherwise provided for the removal of refuse in paragraph two of subdivision e of this section, such person shall within seven business days from the date of receipt of notification via regular mail cause the violation to be corrected. For the purposes of this section, a notice of correction shall be deemed to have been received five days from the date on which it was mailed by the commissioner.
(b) If an owner or other person in control of a newsrack fails to comply with a notice of correction issued pursuant to subparagraph a of this paragraph or an order by the commissioner to remove served pursuant to paragraph three of this subdivision, a notice of violation returnable to the board shall be served on such owner or person in control of such newsrack. No notice of violation shall be issued for the failure to comply with a notice of correction issued pursuant to subparagraph a of paragraph one of this subdivision unless the commissioner has caused a second inspection of the violation to take place within a period of time that commences on the day after the applicable period for correcting such violation expires and ends fourteen days after such day. In addition, the commissioner may send to such owner or other person in control of such newsrack, by electronic mail, photographic evidence of such violation taken at such second inspection. Failure to send such photographic evidence by electronic mail will not result in the dismissal of a notice of violation issued pursuant to any provision of this section.
(b-1) Failure by an owner or a person in control of a newsrack to comply with subdivision c or d of this section, failure by such owner or person to certify or failure to accurately demonstrate that such owner or person has repainted or used best efforts to remove graffiti and other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions, as required by paragraph one of subdivision e of this section, shall be a violation and shall be subject to the applicable penalties provided in paragraph six of this subdivision. A proceeding to recover any civil penalty authorized by this subparagraph shall be commenced with service on such owner or person of a notice of violation returnable to the board. The commissioner shall not be required to issue a notice of correction before issuing or serving a notice of violation pursuant to this subparagraph.
(c) If the return date of a notice of violation issued pursuant to subparagraph b or b-1 of this paragraph is more than five business days after the service of such notice, the board shall, upon the request of the respondent, in person at the office of the board, provide a hearing on such violation prior to such return date and no later than five business days after the date of such request. At the time set for such hearing, or at the date to which such hearing is continued, the board shall receive all evidence relevant to the occurrence or non-occurrence of the specified violation(s), the compliance or noncompliance with any of the provisions of this section, and any other relevant information. Such hearing need not be conducted according to technical rules relating to evidence and witnesses. Oral evidence shall be taken only on oath or affirmation. Within five business days after the conclusion of the hearing, the board shall render a decision, based upon the facts adduced at said hearing, whether any violations of this section have occurred. The decision shall be in writing and shall contain findings of fact and a determination of the issues presented. The board shall send to the owner or person in control of the newsrack by regular mail, a copy of its decision and order.
2. (a) If the board renders a decision upholding the finding of a violation against the respondent upon default or after a hearing held pursuant to paragraph one of this subdivision, other than a decision finding a violation of the provisions of paragraph one of subdivision e of this section, and the violation is not remedied within seven days of receipt of the decision of the board, the commissioner or his or her designee is authorized to provide for the removal of such newsrack and any contents thereof to a place of safety. For purposes of this subparagraph, a decision shall be deemed to have been received five days from the date on which it was mailed. If such newsrack and any contents thereof are not claimed within thirty days after their removal by a person entitled to their return, they shall be deemed to be abandoned and may be either sold at a public auction after having been advertised in the City Record, the proceeds thereof being paid into the general fund, used or converted for use by the department or another city agency, or otherwise disposed of, and the owner or person in control shall be liable to the City for the costs of removal and storage and shall be subject to a civil penalty pursuant to subparagraph a of paragraph six of subdivision f of this section. Newsracks and the contents thereof that are removed pursuant to this subparagraph shall be released to the owner or other person lawfully entitled to possession upon payment of the costs for removal and storage and any civil penalty or, if an action or proceeding concerning the violation is pending, upon the posting of a bond or other form of security acceptable to the department in an amount that will secure the payment of such costs and any penalty that may be imposed hereunder.
(b) If the board renders a decision upholding the finding of a violation against the respondent for having failed to certify, or having failed to accurately demonstrate that such respondent repainted or used best efforts to remove graffiti and other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions or having failed to comply with any other provision of paragraph one of subdivision e of this section, the board shall impose a penalty in accordance with subparagraph b of paragraph six of this subdivision.
3. The commissioner may, upon notice, serve an order upon the owner or other person in control of a newsrack requiring such person to remove or cause to be removed such newsrack within seven business days of receipt of such order where such removal is required because the site or location at which such newsrack is placed is used or is to be used for public utility purposes, public transportation, or public safety purposes, or when such newsrack unreasonably interferes with construction activities in nearby or adjacent buildings, or if removal is required in connection with a street widening or other capital project or improvement. If such person does not remove such newsrack within seven business days of receipt of such order, the provisions contained in subparagraphs b and c of paragraph one of this subdivision and subparagraph a of paragraph two of this subdivision regarding issuance of a notice of violation and alternatives for removal, storage, abandonment, disposal, and release, shall apply.
4. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, if a newsrack has been deemed to have been abandoned in accordance with this paragraph, the commissioner, his or her designee, an authorized officer or employee of any city agency or a police officer is authorized to provide for the removal of such newsrack and it may either be sold at public auction after having been advertised in the City Record, the proceeds thereof being paid into the general fund, used or converted for use by the department or another city agency, or otherwise disposed of. A newsrack shall be deemed to have been abandoned for purposes of this paragraph if the name, address or other identifying material of the owner or other person in control of such newsrack is not affixed to such newsrack as required by paragraph four of subdivision b of this section and such owner or other person has not submitted to the commissioner the information required in clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph a of paragraph one of subdivision c of this section.
5. (a) Where emergency circumstances exist and the commissioner or his or her designee gives notice to the owner or other person in control of a newsrack to remove such newsrack, such person shall comply with such notice. For the purposes of this paragraph, emergency circumstances shall mean circumstances which present an imminent threat to public health or safety.
(b) If any owner or other person in control of a newsrack does not remove such newsrack when directed to do so pursuant to the provisions of subparagraph a of this paragraph, or if circumstances are such that public safety requires the immediate removal of a newsrack and it is not reasonable to give the owner or other person in control of such newsrack notice prior to removal, the commissioner or his or her designee may provide for the removal of such newsrack to a place of safety. Unless an administrative proceeding brought pursuant to subparagraph c of this paragraph has terminated in favor of such owner or other person in control of such newsrack, such owner or other person in control of such newsrack may be charged with the reasonable costs of removal and storage payable prior to the release of such newsrack and the contents thereof.
(c) If an owner or other person in control of a newsrack fails to comply with a notice issued pursuant to subparagraph a of this paragraph to remove such newsrack, a notice of violation returnable to the board shall be served on such owner or person in control of such newsrack. If the newsrack has been removed by the city pursuant to subparagraph b of this paragraph, such notice of violation shall be served immediately after removal, and, if the return date of the notice of violation is more than five business days after the service of such notice, the board shall, upon the request of the respondent, in person at the office of the board, provide a hearing on such violation prior to such return date and no later than five business days after the date of such request. The hearing shall take place under the provisions set forth in subparagraphs b and c of paragraph one of this subdivision and a decision shall be rendered by the board within five business days after the conclusion of the hearing. If a decision is rendered at such hearing that emergency circumstances did not exist, such newsrack shall be returned within ten days to the location from which it was removed by the commissioner or his or her designee. If a decision is rendered against the respondent upon default or after a hearing that such emergency circumstances existed, such newsrack and the contents thereof shall be released to the owner or other person lawfully entitled to possession. If, after a board decision that removal was proper, such newsrack and any contents thereof are not claimed within thirty days after the date of removal by a person entitled to their return, such newsrack and any contents thereof shall be deemed abandoned and may be either sold at a public auction after having been advertised in the City Record, the proceeds thereof being paid into the general fund, used or converted for use by the department or another city agency, or otherwise disposed of.
6. (a) Any owner or person in control of a newsrack found to be in violation of any provision of this section shall, after a board decision has been issued upon default or after a hearing, be subject to a civil penalty in the amount of (i) no less than fifty dollars and no more than one hundred dollars for each violation for a specific newsrack of any of the provisions of paragraphs two, three, four or five of subdivision e of this section or paragraph four of subdivision b of this section, except that a person found in violation of any of such provisions after a decision of the board issued on default shall be subject to a penalty of no less than one hundred dollars and no more than five hundred dollars; (ii) no less than five hundred dollars and no more than four thousand dollars for each violation of paragraph one of subdivision c of this section; and (iii) no less than one hundred dollars and no more than five hundred dollars for each violation of paragraphs one, two, three, five, six and seven of subdivision b of this section.
(b) Any owner or person in control of one or more newsracks found by the board to have failed to certify, or to have failed to accurately demonstrate that such owner or person repainted or used best efforts to remove graffiti and other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions, as required by paragraph one of subdivision e of this section, or failed to comply with any other requirements of such paragraph, or failed to comply with any provision of paragraph two of subdivision c of this section, or failed to maintain insurance as required by subdivision d of this section, shall be liable for a civil penalty determined in accordance with the number of newsracks such person owns or controls as follows:
Number of newsracks owned or controlled by such person | A violation of paragraph one of subdivision e, paragraph two of subdivision c or subdivision d of this section |
Up to and including ninety-nine newsracks | Two hundred fifty dollars
|
More than ninety-nine and less than two hundred fifty newsracks | Three hundred seventy-five to seven hundred fifty dollars |
More than two hundred forty-nine and less than five hundred newsracks | Seven hundred fifty to one thousand five hundred dollars |
More than four hundred ninety-nine and less than seven hundred fifty newsracks | One thousand one hundred twenty-five to two thousand two hundred fifty dollars |
More than seven hundred forty-nine and less than one thousand newsracks | One thousand five hundred to three thousand dollars |
One thousand or more newsracks | Two thousand to four thousand dollars |
7. The commissioner shall remove or cause to be removed from any sidewalk for a period of three consecutive months, every newsrack and the contents thereof under the ownership or control of any person who repeatedly violates any provision or provisions of this subdivision. For purposes of this paragraph, a person shall be deemed to have repeatedly violated this section if such person has been determined by the board, upon default or after a hearing, to have violated the provisions of this section ten or more times within any six-month period and that such person has failed to pay three or more civil penalties imposed during that same time period. For purposes of this paragraph, a person shall also be deemed to have repeatedly violated this section if such person is determined by the board, upon default or after a hearing, to have failed to make the certification required by paragraph one of subdivision e of this section or to have failed to accurately demonstrate that such person repainted or used best efforts to remove graffiti and other unauthorized writing, painting, drawing, or other markings or inscriptions as required by such paragraph in each of two consecutive certification periods in any two year period or three times in any two-year period. The department shall maintain a record of all persons who repeatedly violate any provision or provisions of this subdivision. In the event that the commissioner removes or causes to be removed all newsracks and the contents thereof under the ownership or control of any person based upon this paragraph, such person shall be permitted to replace all such newsracks at the locations from which they were removed upon payment in full of all outstanding civil penalties imposed for violations of this section and the reasonable costs of removal and storage, provided that such newsracks meet the requirements of this section. If any newsracks or contents thereof removed pursuant to this paragraph are not claimed within thirty days after the expiration of the three-month removal period, such newsracks or the contents thereof shall be deemed abandoned and may be either sold at public auction after having been advertised in the City Record, the proceeds thereof being paid into the general fund, used or converted for use by the department or another city agency or otherwise disposed of.
8. In giving any notice of correction or serving any commissioners order required under this section, except as otherwise provided by law, the commissioner may rely on the validity of any address (a) posted on the newsrack pursuant to paragraph four of subdivision b of this section as the address of the owner or person in control of the newsrack or (b) submitted to the department pursuant to subdivision c of this section, and shall provide such notice by regular mail. If the owner of a newsrack or person in control of a newsrack shall have failed to comply with paragraph four of subdivision b or with subdivision c of this section, the commissioner shall make reasonable efforts to ascertain the identity and address of the owner or person in control of such newsrack for the purpose of giving any required notice, and having done so, may take action as if any required notice had been given.
9. Nothing in this section shall preclude the immediate removal of a newsrack when otherwise authorized by law.
g. Severability. If any subdivision, paragraph, subparagraph, sentence or clause of this section is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by the decision of any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this section.
(Am. L.L. 2021/080, 7/18/2021, eff. 11/15/2021)
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 2002/023 and L.L. 2021/080.
It shall be unlawful for any person to construct or lay down in any street, a board or plank walk, except sidewalk bridges as defined in section 27-1021 of the code, without a permit from the commissioner.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
It shall be unlawful for any person to place or to expose to show or for sale, upon any balustrade that now is or hereafter may be erected upon any street, any goods, wares, merchandise or manufacture of any description.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
a. The two strips of land, each twenty feet in width, which were added to each side of Clinton avenue in the borough of Brooklyn between Gates avenue and Willoughby avenue pursuant to chapter two hundred fifty-seven of the laws of eighteen hundred ninety-nine shall not be added to the traveled portion of Clinton avenue, but shall be reserved and preserved as ornamental courtyards for the benefit and improvement of such avenue.
b. Any building erected and completed before the first of March in the year eighteen hundred ninety-nine, or before that date so far erected that its foundations or walls were carried up so far as the level of the street, and any piazza or appurtenant structure erected before such date may remain or be completed with all rights as though this section had not been passed; but in case any such building is destroyed, or removed from such courtyard space, the right reserved therefor shall be at an end.
c. The several parts of such court-yard space as adjoin the several lots fronting thereon may be used and occupied by the owners of such lots respectively for the following purposes:
1. Grass, shade trees, shrubbery, statuary, fountains, walks, paths, pavements, sewer, gas, electric and other house connections, and low ornamental fences, and
2. Ingress and egress, and
3. Stoops, porches and piazzas, provided they are open at either end and are not less than ten feet from the line of such avenue as established prior to the enactment of chapter two hundred fifty-seven of the laws of eighteen hundred ninety-nine, and
4. Steps and approaches to a house, provided they are in usual form and do not interfere with the general intent of this section, and
5. Such other purposes as are usual and proper for a plot fronting on a street and appurtenant to a residence, hotel, apartment house or other dwelling-house.
d. Nothing shall be erected, done or allowed on such court-yard space, that will interfere with its open and ornamental character, or that is not in accordance with the above uses and purposes.
e. This section shall not affect the title, or the right to possession of the several lots or plots of land in such two strips of land, except as the use thereof is limited and restricted as provided in this section.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
The buildings to be erected upon the lots fronting upon first place, second place, third place and fourth place in the borough of Brooklyn, shall be built on a line thirty-three feet five inches and a quarter of an inch back from the sides or lines of such places as they are now established by the map of the city, and the intervening space of land shall be used for courtyards only.
Editor's note: For related unconsolidated provisions, see Appendix A at L.L. 1993/104.
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