18.12.030 Land Uses

* Editor's Note: This chapter was revised in its entirety by Ordinance 4869. Ordinances formerly codified in this chapter, and not specifically repealed by adoption of Ordinance 4869, include Ords. 3048, 3064, 3070, 3130, 3255, 3291, 3345, 3378, 3465, 3475, 3489, 3536, 3577, 3583, 3662, 3683, 3735, 3741, 3850, 3861, 3905, 4016, 4043, 4081, 4140, 4642, 4643, 4716, 4794 and 4826.

18.12.010 Purposes

Provisions related to the single-family residential (R-1) district, four residential R-1 subdistricts, and the single-story (S) combining district are outlined in this chapter. Requirements for the R-E, R-2 and RMD are included in Chapter 18.10. The specific purposes of each residential district are stated below:

(a) Single Family Residential District [R-1]

The R-1 single family residential district is intended to create, preserve, and enhance areas suitable for detached dwellings with a strong presence of nature and with open area affording maximum privacy and opportunities for outdoor living and children’s play. Minimum site area requirements are established to create and preserve variety among neighborhoods, to provide adequate open area, and to encourage quality design. Accessory dwelling units, junior accessory dwelling units and accessory structures or buildings are appropriate. Community uses and facilities, such as churches and schools, should be limited unless no net loss of housing would result.

(b) Special Residential Building Site R-1 Subdistricts (7,000), (8,000), (10,000), (20,000)1

The special residential building site R-1 subdistricts are intended to modify the site development regulations of the R-1 single family residence district, where applied in combination with the R-1 district, to create and maintain single-family living areas of varying site size and development characteristics, to reflect and preserve the character of existing neighborhoods.

1. Subdistricts may be reflected on the Zoning Map as R-1(650), R-1(743), R-1(929) and R-1(1,858), respectively, reflecting the minimum lot size in square meters rather than in square feet.

The single-story height combining district is intended to modify the site development regulations of the R-1 single-family residence district, to preserve and maintain single-family living areas of predominantly single-story character. An area proposed for a single story combining district should be of a prevailing single story character, thus limiting the number of structures rendered noncomplying by the (S) combining district. It is intended that neighborhoods currently subject to single story deed restrictions be developed in a manner consistent with those deed restrictions. Furthermore, it is desirable that homes be similar in age, design and character, ensuring that residents of an area proposed for rezoning possess like desires for neighborhood preservation and face common home remodeling constraints.

(Ord. 5412 § 11, 2017: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005)

18.12.020 Applicable Regulations

The specific regulations of this chapter and the additional regulations and procedures established by Chapters 18.52 to 18.80 inclusive shall apply to the R-1 district including the R-1 subdistricts. Such regulations shall apply to construction of two units on an R1-zoned lot pursuant to California Government Code Section 65852.21 (SB 9), except as modified by Section 18.42.180.

(Ord. 5587 § 8, 2023: Ord. 5542 § 7, 2022: Ord. 5538 § 7, 2021: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005)

18.12.030 Land Uses

The permitted and conditionally permitted uses for the single family residential districts are shown in Table 1:

Table 1

PERMITTED AND CONDITIONAL R-1 RESIDENTIAL USES

	R-1 and all R-1 Subdistricts	Subject to Regulations in:
ACCESSORY AND SUPPORT USES
Accessory facilities and uses customarily incidental to permitted uses with no more than two plumbing fixtures and no kitchen facility, or of a size less than or equal to 200 square feet	P	18.04.030(a)(3) 18.12.080
Accessory facilities and uses customarily incidental to permitted uses with more than two plumbing fixtures (but with no kitchen), and in excess of 200 square feet in size, but excluding second dwelling units	CUP	18.12.080
Home occupations, when accessory to permitted residential uses	P	18.42.060
Horticulture, gardening, and growing of food products for consumption by occupants of the site	P
Accessory Dwelling Units	P(1)	18.09
Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit	P(1)	18.09
Safe Parking		18.42.160
EDUCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS AND ASSEMBLY USES
Private Educational Facilities	CUP
Churches and Religious Institutions	CUP
PUBLIC/QUASI PUBLIC USES
Community Centers	CUP
Utility Facilities essential to provision of utility services to the neighborhood, but excluding business offices, construction or storage yards, maintenance facilities, or corporation yards	CUP
RECREATlON USES
Outdoor Recreation Services	CUP
RESIDENTIAL USES
Single-Family	P
Two-Family use, under one ownership	P	18.42.180
Mobile Homes	P	18.42.100
Multiple-Family	P(2)	18.14.020
Residential Care Homes	P
SERVICE USES
Day Care Centers	CUP
Small Adult Day Care Homes	P
Large Adult Day Care Homes	CUP
Small Family Day Care Homes	P
Large Family Day Care Homes	P
P = Permitted Use CUP = Conditional Use Permit Required

(1) An Accessory Dwelling Unit or a Junior Accessory Dwelling Unit associated with a single-family residence on a lot is permitted, subject to the provisions of Chapter 18.09.

(2) Housing Element opportunity sites (faith-based institutions) only.

(Ord. 5587 § 9, 2023: Ord. 5574 § 4, 2023: Ord. 5542 § 8, 2022: Ord. 5538 § 8, 2021: Ord. 5490 § 2, 2020: Ord. 5412 § 12, 2017: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005: Ord. 5608 § 3, 2024)

18.12.040 Site Development Standards

(a) Site Specifications, Building Size, Height and Bulk, and Residential Density

The development standards for the R-1 district and the R-1 subdistricts are shown in Table 2,except:

(1) To the extend such standards may be modified by Section 18.42.180 for two-family uses pursuant to California Government Code Section 65852.21 (SB 9, 2021):

(2) On Housing Element opportunity sites (faith-based institutions): development standards for Multiple-Family uses are identified in Section 18.14.020, which states that sites shall meet the development standards for the RM-30 zoning district, except that Maximum FAR shall be 1.25.

TABLE 2
R-1 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

	R-1	R-1 Subdistricts				Subject to Regulations in Chapter:
		R-1 (7,000)*	R-1 (8,000)*	R-1 (10,000)*	R-1 (20,000)*
		* Subdistricts based on minimum lot size (sq. ft)
Minimum Site Specifications
Site area (sq. ft.)
All lots except flag lots (1)	6,000	7,000	8,000	10,000	20,000
Flag lots	As established by Section 21.20.301 (Subdivision Ordinance)
Site Width (ft)	60
Site Depth (ft)	100
Maximum Lot Size
Lot area (sq. ft.)	9,999	13,999	15,999	19,999	39,999	18.12.040(d)
Minimum Setbacks	Setback lines imposed by a special setback map pursuant to Chapter 20.08 of this code may also apply					18.12.040(e) 18.12.050
Front Yard (ft.)	Contextual
Rear Yard (ft.)	20
Interior Side Yard (ft.)	6	8
Street Side Yard (ft.)	16
Maximum Height (as measured to the peak of the roof) (ft.)						18.04.030(a)(67) 18.12.050
Standard	30 (3)
Maximum Height for buildings with a roof pitch of 12:12 or greater	33 (3)
With (S) Combining	17 feet; limited to one habitable floor (4,5)					18.12.100
Side Yard Daylight Plane (Excludes street side yards)						18.04.030(44) 18.12.050
Initial Height	10 feet at interior side lot line (6)
Angle (Degrees)	45 (6)
Rear Yard Daylight Plane						18.12.050
Initial Height	16 feet at rear setback line (6)
Angle (Degrees)	60 (6)
Maximum Site Coverage:						18.04.030(a)(86A)
Single story development	Equivalent to maximum allowable floor area ratio (7)
With (S) Combining	Equivalent to maximum allowable floor area ratio (7)
Multiple story development	35% (7)
Additional area permitted to be covered by a patio or overhang	5%
Maximum Floor Area Ratio (FAR)						Table 3 18.04.030(a)(65C) 18.12.040(b)
First 5,000 sq. ft. of lot size	.45
Square footage of lot size in excess of 5,000 sq. ft.	.30
Maximum House Size (sq. ft.)	6,000 (8)
Residential Density	One unit, except as provided in Section 18.12.090
Parking	See Residential Parking, Section 18.12.060					Chs. 18.52, 18.54

* Subdistricts may be reflected on the Zoning Map as R-1(650), R-l(743), R-l(929) and R-1(1,858), respectively, reflecting the minimum lot size in square meters rather than in square feet.

Notes to Table 2:

(1) Minimum Lot Size: Any lot less than the minimum lot size may be used in accordance with the provisions of Section 18.40.080.

(2) Contextual Front Setbacks: See Section 18.12.040(e) for application of contextual front setbacks.

(3) R-1 Floodzone Heights: Provided, in a special flood hazard area as defined in Chapter 16.52, the maximum heights are increased by one-half of the increase in elevation required to reach base flood elevation, up to a maximum building height of 33 feet.

(4) R-1 (S) Height Limitations: Habitable floors include lofts, mezzanines, and similar areas with interior heights of five feet (5') or more from the roof to the floor, but shall exclude finished basements and shall exclude attics that have no stairway or built-in access.

(5) R-1 (S) Floodzone Heights: Provided, in a special flood hazard area as defined in Chapter 16.52, the maximum height is increased by one-half of the increase in elevation required to reach base flood elevations, up to a maximum building height of 20 feet.

(6) R-1 Floodzone Daylight Plane: Provided, if the site is in a special flood hazard area and is entitled to an increase in the maximum height, the heights for the daylight planes shall be adjusted by the same amount.

(7) Site Coverage: The covering of a court is exempt from the calculation of site coverage provided that the court existed prior to July 20, 1978.

(8) Maximum House Size: The gross floor area of attached garages and attached accessory dwelling units and junior accessory dwelling units are included in the calculation of maximum house size. If there is no garage attached to the house, then the square footage of one detached covered parking space shall be included in the calculation.

(b) Gross Floor Area Summary

The following table summarizes how "gross floor area" is counted, for the purpose of compliance with floor area ratio limits outlined in Table 2. "Gross floor area" means the total covered area of all floors of a main structure and accessory structures greater than one hundred twenty square feet in area, including covered parking and stairways, measured to the outside surface of stud walls, subject to the following inclusions, conditions, and exclusions. For exact language, refer to Section 18.04.030(a)(65), Gross Floor Area definition.

TABLE 3
SUMMARY OF GROSS FLOOR AREA FOR SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS

Description	Included In GFA	Excluded from GFA
Accessory structures greater than 120 sq. ft.	*
Second floor equivalent; areas with heights >17'	* (counted twice)
Third floor equivalent: areas with heights > 26'	* (counted three times)
Third floor equivalent, where roof pitch is > 4:12		* up to 200 sq.ft. of unusable space
Garages and carports	*
Porte cocheres		*
Entry feature < 12' in height, if not substantially enclosed and not recessed	* (counted once)
Vaulted entry > 12' in height	* (footprint counted twice)
Fireplace footprint	* (counted once)
First floor roofed or unenclosed porches		*
First floor recessed porches <10' in depth and open on exterior side		*
Second floor roofed or enclosed porches, arcades, balconies, porticos, breeze-ways	*
Basements (complying with patio & lightwell requirements described in Section 18.12.090)		*
Areas on floors above the first floor where the height from the floor level to the underside of the rafter or finished roof surface is 5' or greater	*
Bay windows (if at least 18" above interior floor, does not project more than 2', and more than 50% is covered by windows)		*
Basement area for Category 1 - 4 Historic Homes or contributing structure within a historic district, and individually listed homes on the National Register of Historic Places or California Register of Historic Resources (even if the finished level of the first floor is greater than 3' above grade)		*
Usable attic space for Category 1- 4 Historic Homes or contributing structure within a historic district, and individually listed homes on the National Register of Historic Places or California Register of Historical Resources		* (up to 500 sq.ft.)

The following site development regulations shall apply to all new construction on substandard and flag lots in lieu of comparable provisions in subsection (a).

(1) Substandard Lots

(A) For the purposes of this subsection (c), a substandard lot shall be a lot with a width of less than 50 feet or a depth of less than 83 feet and an area less than 83% of the minimum area required by the zoning of the parcel.

(B) Development standards:

(i) The maximum height shall be 17 feet, as measured to the peak of the roof.

(ii) There shall be a limit of one habitable floor. Habitable floors include loft, mezzanines, and similar areas with interior heights of five feet (5') or more from the roof to the floor, but exclude basements and exclude attics that have no stairway or built-in access. The chief building official shall make the final determination as to whether a floor is habitable.

(iii) For lots less than 50 feet in width, the required street side setback shall be 10 feet.

(iv) Substandard lots shall not be subject to the R-1 contextual garage placement requirement.

(C) Nothing in this subsection (c) shall affect or otherwise redefine the provisions of Section 18.40.080(a) as to whether a substandard lot may be used as a lot under this title.

(2) Flag Lots

(A) A flag lot shall be defined as set forth in Section 18.04.030(a)(84)(B).

(B) Flag Lot Development Standards:

(i) The maximum height shall be 17 feet, as measured to the peak of the roof.

(ii) There shall be a limit of one habitable floor. Habitable floors include lofts, mezzanines, and similar areas with interior heights of five feet (5') or more from the roof to the floor, but exclude basements and exclude attics that have no stairway or built-in access. The chief building official shall make the final determination as to whether a floor is habitable.

(iii) Front Setback: 10 feet. Flag lots are not subject to contextual front setback requirements.

(d) Maximum Lot Sizes in R-1 District and R-1 Subdistricts

This provision limits the potential for lot combinations with a net loss of housing stock and resultant homes that would be out of scale with homes in the surrounding neighborhood. In the R-1 district and all R-1 subdistricts, no new lot shall be created equal to or exceeding two times the minimum lot size prescribed for the district, except that where 6,000 minimum square foot lots are required in an R-1 district, no new lot shall exceed a maximum lot size of 9,999 square feet, as prescribed in Table 2. Lots larger than the prescribed maximum size are permitted only under the following circumstances: (i) where a village residential land use is approved concurrent with the new lot, resulting in no net loss of housing units on the site(s); (ii) where underlying lots must be merged to eliminate nonconformities and no net loss of housing units would result; (iii) where an adjacent substandard lot of less than 25 feet in width is combined with another lot, resulting in no net loss of housing units on the site(s); or (iv) where the number of resultant lots increases or stays the same and results in no net loss of housing units.

(e) Contextual Front Setbacks

The minimum front yard (“setback”) shall be the greater of twenty feet (20') or the average setback, if the average front setback is 30 feet or more. “Average setback” means the average distance between the front property line and the first main structural element, including covered porches, on sites on the same side of the block, including existing structures on the subject parcel. This calculation shall exclude flag lots and existing multifamily developments of three units or more. For calculation purposes, if five (5) or more properties on the block are counted, the single greatest and the single least setbacks shall be excluded. The street sideyard setback of corner lots that have the front side of their parcel (the narrowest street-facing lot line) facing another street shall be excluded from the calculations. For blocks longer than 600 feet, the average setback shall be based on no more than ten sites located on the same side of the street and nearest to the subject property, plus the subject site, and for a distance no greater than 600 feet. Blocks with three (3) or fewer eligible parcels are not subject to contextual setbacks. Structures on the site in no case may be located closer than twenty feet (20') from the front property line.

(f) Contextual Garage and Carport Placement

If the predominant neighborhood pattern is of garages or carports located within the rear half of the site, or with no garage or carport present, attached garages/carports shall be located in the rear half of the house footprint. Otherwise, an attached garage/carport may be located in the front half of the house footprint. “Predominant neighborhood pattern” means the existing garage/carport placement pattern for more than half of the houses on the same side of the block, including the subject site. This calculation shall exclude flag lots, corner lots and existing multifamily developments of three or more units. For blocks longer than 600 feet, the calculations shall be based on the 10 homes located nearest to and on the same side of the block as the subject property, plus the subject site, but for a distance no greater than 600 feet. Detached garages/carports shall be located in the rear half of the site and, if within a rear or side setback, at least 75 feet from the front property line. Detached garages/carports on lots of less than 95 feet in depth, however, may be placed in a required interior side or rear yard if located in the rear half of the lot. Access shall be provided from a rear alley if the existing development pattern provides for alley access. For the calculation of corner lots, the “predominant pattern” shall be established for the street where the new garage/carport fronts.

(g) Garage Doors

For garages located within 50 feet from a street frontage, on lots less than 75 feet in width, the total combined width of garage doors that are parallel to the street shall not exceed 20 feet.

(h) Minimum Permeable Surface in Front Yard

A minimum of 60% of the required front yard shall have a permeable surface that permits water absorption directly into the soil. Provided, all sites may have an impervious 16' x 20' driveway and an impervious 4' x 20' walkway within the front yard setback.

(i) Special Setbacks

Where applicable, setback lines imposed by a special setback map pursuant to Chapter 20.08 of this code shall be followed for the purpose of determining legal setback requirements.

(j) Certification of Daylight Plane Compliance

Upon request by the building official, any person building or making improvements to a structure shall provide a certification that the structure, as built, complies with the daylight plane provisions in subsection (a). Such certification shall be prepared by a licensed engineer, architect, or surveyor, and shall be provided prior to frame inspection.

(k) Lighting

Recreational and security lighting shall be permitted only so long as the lighting is shielded so that the direct light does not extend beyond the property where it is located. Free-standing recreational and security lighting installed on or later than March 11, 1991 shall be restricted to twelve feet (12') in height. Direct light from outdoor fixtures shall only fall on the walls, eaves, and yard areas of the site on which it is located. Outdoor fixtures shall have lens covers or reflectors that direct the light away from the neighboring properties.

(l) Location of Noise-Producing Equipment and Electrification Equipment

(1) Electrification Equipment and any associated housing, screening, insulation, or bollards necessary to enable compliance with the applicable regulations, including Chapter 9.10 of this Code, shall provide a minimum three foot interior side and rear yard setback and a minimum ten foot street sideyard setback. Except as otherwise provided in this Title for EVSE and energy storage systems, Electrification Equipment shall not be located in the required front yard setback and shall at all times provide sufficient clearance for fire safety purposes. All other noise-producing equipment, such as gas powered generators, commercial kitchen fans, and similar service equipment, shall be located outside of the front, rear and side yard setbacks. Such equipment may, however, be located up to six feet into a street sideyard setback. All noise-producing equipment, including Electrification Equipment, shall be insulated and housed, except where doing so would interfere with the recommended operation of the equipment. The planning director may also permit installation without housing and insulation, provided that a combination of technical noise specifications, location of equipment, and/or other screening or buffering will assure compliance with the city’s Noise Ordinance at the nearest property line. All service equipment must meet the city’s Noise Ordinance in Chapter 9.10 of the Municipal Code.

(2) Where existing improvements comply with front setback requirements, EVSE may encroach up to four feet into the required front setback. Where existing improvements do not comply with front setback requirements, EVSE may encroach into the otherwise required front setback by two feet beyond the existing improvement. EVSE and energy storage systems and associated equipment and safety bollards may be located within required on-siteparking spaces, as further described in PAMC Chapter 18.54 Section 18.54.020.

(3) The Planning Director may publish administrative regulations to further implement this subsection (l), including a list of equipment or technologies that may presumptively be installed without housing and insulation due to noise generation below applicable maximums.

(m) In addition to the standards contained in and referenced in this Chapter, single-family residential development, including the development of a primary residence and one or more accessory dwelling units and development pursuant to California Government Code Sections 65852.21 and 66411.7 shall comply with the objective standards for two-story development adopted by the City Council. However, an applicant seeking to deviate from the objective standards may submit an application for single family individual review pursuant to Section 18.12.110.

(Ord. 5645 § 10, 2025: Ord. 5641 § 10, 2024: Ord. 5601 § 3 (part), 2023: Ord. 5587 § 10, 2023: Ord. 5542 § 9, 2022: Ord. 5538 § 9, 2021: Ord. 5432 § 6 (part), 2018: Ord. 5412 § 13, 2017: Ord. 5373 § 9 (part), 2016: Ord. 4964 §§ 11 - 13, 2007: Ord. 4891 § 4, 2006: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005: Ord. 5608 § 4, 2024)

18.12.050 Permitted Encroachments, Projections and Exceptions

The following projections and encroachments into required yards, daylight plane and height are permitted, provided a projection shall not be permitted to encroach into a special setback, as established by the setback map pursuant to Chapter 20.08 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code, except as noted in subsection (a)(1)(D) below.

(a) Setback/Yard Encroachments and Projections

(1) Horizontal Additions

Where a single-family dwelling legally constructed according to existing yard and setback regulations at the time of construction encroaches upon present required yards, one encroaching side (first floor wall) of the existing structure, at a height not to exceed 12 feet, may be extended in accord with this section. Only one such extension shall be permitted for the life of such building. This subsection shall not be construed to allow the further extension of an encroachment by any building that is the result of the granting of a variance, either before or after such property became part of the city.

(A) Front Yard. In cases where the existing setback is less than 20 feet, but at least 14 feet, the existing encroachment may be extended for a distance of not more than 100% of the length of the encroaching wall to be extended; provided, that the total length of the existing encroaching wall and the additional wall shall together not exceed one-half the maximum existing width of such building.

(B) Interior Side Yard. In cases where the existing setback is less than 8 feet, but at least 5 feet, the existing encroachment may be extended for a distance of not more than 100% of the length of the encroaching wall to be extended but not to exceed 20 additional feet.

(C) Street Side Yard. In cases where the existing setback is less than 16 feet, but at least 10 feet, the existing encroachment may be extended for a distance of not more than 100% of the length of the encroaching wall to be extended, but not to exceed 20 feet.

(D) Special Setbacks. In cases where a special setback is prescribed pursuant to Chapter 20.08 of the Municipal Code, and the existing setback is less than the special setback distance, and at least 14 feet for the front setback or at least 10 feet for the street side yard setback, the exiting encroachment may be extended for a distance of not more than 100% of the length of the encroaching wall to be extended, provided that the total length of the existing encroaching wall and the additional wall shall together not exceed one-half the maximum existing width of such building.

(2) Rear Yard Encroachments for Portions of Homes

A portion of a main building that is less than half the maximum width of the building may extend into the required rear yard no more than six feet and with a height of no more than one story, except that for a corner lot having a common rear property line with an adjoining corner lot, the building may extend into the required rear yard not more than ten feet with a height of no more than one story.

(3) Allowed Projections

(A) Cornices, Eaves, Fireplaces, and Similar Architectural Features

For cornices, eaves, fireplaces, and similar architectural features, excluding flat or continuous walls or enclosures of usable interior space, the following projections are permitted:

(i) A maximum of two feet into a required side yard. Fireplaces in a required side yard may not exceed five feet in width. Fireplaces not exceeding five feet in width may project into a required side yard no more than two feet.

(ii) A maximum of four feet into a required front yard.

(iii) A maximum of four feet into a required rear yard.

(B) Window Surfaces

(i) Window surfaces, such as bay windows or greenhouse windows, may extend into a required rear yard a distance not to exceed two feet, into a required street side setback a distance not to exceed three feet, or into a required front yard a distance not to exceed three feet.

(ii) Window surfaces may not extend into required interior side yards, with the exception that one greenhouse window with a maximum width of six feet, framed into a wall, may project into the interior side yard no more than two feet. The window surface may not extend into any yard above a first story.

Storage structures not over six feet in height or twenty-five square feet in floor area may be located in interior side yards and rear yards according to the provisions of Section 18.12.080(b) for accessory structures. Where the provisions of Section 18.12.080(b) for front and/or street side yard setbacks are not met, the following projections are permitted for such structures:

(i) A maximum of two feet into a required side yard.

(ii) A maximum of four feet into a required front yard.

(iii) A maximum of four feet into a required rear yard.

(D) Patios, Decks, Stairways, Landings, Balconies, or Fire Escapes

For uncovered porches (less than 30 inches above grade), patios, decks, stairways, landings, balconies, or fire escapes the following projections are permitted, provided these projections are not permitted above the first story:

(i) A maximum of three feet into a required side yard.

(ii) A maximum of six feet into a required front yard.

(iii) A maximum of six feet into a required rear yard.

(E) Canopy or Patio Cover

A canopy or patio cover may be located in the required rear yard or that portion of the interior side yard, which is more than 75 feet from the street lot line measured along the common lot line. Such canopies shall be subject to the following conditions:

(i) A canopy or patio cover shall not be more than 12 feet in height.

(ii) The canopy or patio cover shall be included in the computation of building coverage.

(iii) The canopy or patio cover and other structures shall not occupy more than fifty percent of the required rear yard.

(iv) The canopy or patio cover shall not be enclosed on more than two sides.

(F) Pools, Spas, and Hot Tubs and Associated Electrification Equipment

(i) Pools, spas, and hot tubs may extend into a required rear yard a distance not to exceed fourteen feet, provided that a minimum setback of six feet from the property line shall be maintained.

(ii) No swimming pool, hot tub, spa, or similar accessory facility shall be located in any portion of a required front or street side yard.

(iii) Electrification Equipment for pools, spas, hot tubs, and swimming pools subject to meeting the standards set forth in Table 1 of Section 9.10.030.

(b) Height and Daylight Plane Exceptions

(1) Height Exceptions

Flues, chimneys, and antennas may exceed the established height limit by not more than 15 feet.

(2) Daylight Plane Exceptions

The following features may extend beyond the daylight plane established by the applicable district, provided that such features do not exceed the height limit for the district unless permitted to do so by subsection (b)(1) above:

(A) Television and radio antennas;

(B) Chimneys and flues that do not exceed 5 feet in width, provided that chimneys do not extend past the required daylight plane a distance exceeding the minimum allowed pursuant to Chapter 16.04 of this code.

(i) the sum of the horizontal lengths of all such features shall not exceed 15 feet on each side; and

(ii) the height of such features does not exceed 24 feet;

(iii) no single feature exceeds 7.5 feet in length; and

(iv) there is a minimum 5 foot separation between each feature.

(D) Cornices, eaves, and similar architectural features, excluding flat or continuous walls or enclosures of usable interior space, provided such features do not extend past the daylight plane more than 2 feet.

(Ord. 5601 § 3 (part), 2023: Ord. 5373 § 9 (part), 2016; Ord. 4964 § 14, 2007: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005)

18.12.060 Parking

Off-street parking and loading facilities shall be required for all permitted and conditional uses in accord with Chapters 18.52 and 18.54 of this title. The following parking requirements apply in the R- 1 districts. These requirements are included for reference purposes only, and in the event of a conflict between this Section 18.12.060 and any requirement of Chapters 18.52 and 18.54, Chapters 18.52 and 18.54 shall apply, except in the case of parcels created pursuant to Section 18.10.140(c) (subdivision incentive for historic preservation).

(a) Parking Requirements for Specific Uses

Table 4 shows the minimum off-street automobile parking requirements for specific uses within the R-1 district.

Table 4 shows the minimum off-street automobile parking requirements for specific uses.*

* Editor’s Note: As set forth in Ord. 5051 § 5, 2009. Future legislation will correct the text if needed.

Table 4
Parking Requirements for Specific R-1 Uses
Use	Minimum Off-Street Parking Requirement
Single-family residential use (excluding accessory dwelling units)	2 spaces per unit, of which one must be covered.
Two family use pursuant to California Government Code Section 65852.21 (SB 9, 2021)	1 space per unit. No spaces required if located within one-half mile walking distance of either a high-quality transit corridor or a major transit stop, or located within one block of a car share vehicle.
Accessory dwelling unit, attached or detached	No parking required
Junior accessory dwelling unit	No parking required
Other Uses	See Chs. 18.52 and 18.54

(b) Parking and Driveway Surfaces

Parking and driveway surfaces may have either permeable or impermeable paving. Materials shall be those acceptable to public works department standards. Gravel and similar loose materials shall not be used for driveway or parking surfaces within 10 feet of the public right of way.

(1) No required parking space shall be located in a required front yard.

(2) No required parking space shall be located in the first ten feet adjoining the property line of a required street side yard.

(d) Tandem Parking

Tandem parking shall be permitted for single-family uses and for single-family uses with a permitted second dwelling unit.

(e) Underground Parking

Underground parking is prohibited for single-family uses, except pursuant to a variance granted in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 18.76, in which case the area of the underground garage shall be counted in determining the floor area ratio for the site.

(f) Design of Parking Areas

Parking facilities shall comply with all applicable regulations of Chapter 18.54 (Parking Facility Design Standards).

(Ord. 5587 § 11, 2023: Ord. 5542 § 10, 2022: Ord. 5538 § 10, 2021: Ord. 5412 § 14, 2017: Ord. 5373 § 9 (part), 2016; Ord. 5051 § 5, 2009: Ord. 4869 § 14 (Exh. A [part]), 2005)

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