Section
General Provisions
90.01 Purpose
90.02 Definitions
90.03 Dangerous wild animals prohibited
90.04 Dangerous wild animal exceptions
90.05 Seizure, impoundment and disposition of dangerous wild animals
90.06 Keeping of vicious animals prohibited; vicious dogs
90.07 Vicious animal exceptions
90.08 Seizure, impoundment and disposition of vicious animals
90.09 Running at large prohibited
90.10 Unlawful to cause harm or injury
90.11 Animal Pound; Pound Supervisor
90.12 Owner or person in charge of animal to clean up droppings
90.13 Owner or person in charge of animals to keep place in sanitary condition
90.14 Vaccination of dogs and cats
90.15 Confinement of female dogs and cats in heat
90.16 Limited number of animals allowed
90.17 Proclamation
90.18 Violations
90.19 Severability
90.20 Effective date
Impoundment and Quarantine; Rabies
90.35 Reporting of bite cases
90.36 Responsibilities of veterinarians
90.37 Quarantine for a minimum period of ten calendar days
90.38 Apprehension and impoundment
90.39 Impoundment, pick up and disposal fees
Licenses and Certificates; Tags
90.50 Annual license required
90.51 License applications
90.52 License fee
90.53 Delinquency; late fee penalty
90.54 Issuance of license; evidence of vaccination; vicious animal insurance
90.55 Submission or rabies vaccination certificates by veterinarians
90.56 Transfer or change of ownership
90.57 Duration of license
90.58 Exceptions to license requirements
90.59 License tag; use of tag
90.60 Tag not transferrable
90.61 Duplicate tag
90.62 Community cats
90.99 Penalty
GENERAL PROVISIONS
The purpose of this chapter is to regulate and control dogs, cats and other animals within the corporate limits of the city and to safeguard and protect property and the general public. It is further the purpose of this chapter to provide regulations to prevent cruelty to all animals and to establish regulations relating to kennels, pet shops, riding schools and horse stables.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022)
Words used in the singular include the plural, and the plural the singular, the masculine gender includes the feminine and the feminine the masculine. For the purpose of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
ANIMAL. Every wild, tame or domestic member of the animal kingdom other than the genus and species Homo sapiens.
ANIMAL CONTROL OFFICER. A person designated by the city to perform such duties involving animal control and having police authority for the enforcement of this chapter.
ANIMAL POUND OR SHELTER. Any premises, either designated, or contracted for, by the Council for the proper care of impounded animals held under the authority of this chapter.
AT LARGE. An animal off the premises of the owner. An animal properly licensed as required by this chapter shall not be deemed AT LARGE if such animal:
(1) Is on the premises of the owner;
(2) Is under the control of a person competent to restrain and control the animal, either by leash, cord, chain or other similar restraint not more than six feet in length, or properly restrained within a motor vehicle;
(3) Is properly housed in a veterinary hospital or licensed kennel, pet shop or city designated animal pound;
(4) Is a law enforcement canine performing law enforcement duties; or
(5) Is in a designated off-leash area of a city dog park provided the person in charge of the dog is at all times abiding by the rules and regulations of the off-leash area which include but are not limited to the following:
(a) Acquires a dog park pass from the City of Urbandale and have it visible on the dog's collar while using the park. Dog park passes will require proof of current rabies vaccination.
(b) Dog owners obtaining a dog park pass must agree to follow all rules established by the Urbandale Park and Recreation Department for the dog park. Rules will be clearly conveyed to the dog owner upon application for a dog park pass.
(c) Dogs with a history of aggression, fighting, or biting are not allowed in the dog park. Any dogs exhibiting aggressive tendencies are subject to pass revocation.
CAT. All members of the Felis domestica species, male or female, altered or unaltered.
COMMUNITY CAT. A member of the Felis catus species that is allowed to roam freely within the city and meets the following requirements:
(1) No person owns the particular cat;
(2) The cat does not present as socialized to humans;
(3) The cat has been assessed by a licensed veterinarian and has been deemed healthy;
(4) The cat has been spayed and neutered;
(5) The cat has been vaccinated against rabies, feline rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia; and
(6) The cat meetings requirements (1) through (5) has had its ear clipped by the veterinarian making the health and assessment determination.
COMMUNITY CAT CAREGIVER. A person who, acting within the procedures of a trap-neuter-return program, provides care to a community cat. This care includes providing food, shelter or medical care. A COMMUNITY CAT CAREGIVER is not the owner, harborer, shelterer, controller or keeper of a community cat.
CONTRACTOR. The third-party engaged to provide a consolidated pet billing, licensing and fee collection program.
DANGEROUS WILD ANIMAL. Shall be defined as adopted in the most current edition of the Iowa Code Ch. 717F - Dangerous Wild Animals promulgated by the General Assembly of the state, published by the Legislative Service Bureau.
DOG. Members of the canine species, male or female, whether neutered or not.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT. The Health Department of the county having jurisdiction.
HORSE. A large solid hoofed herbivorous mammal (Equus caballus).
KENNEL. Any premises on which five or more dogs, or five or more cats, or a combination thereof, six months old or older, are kept or raised solely for the bona fide purpose of sale and which are kept under constant restraint.
LEASHED. A vicious animal under the control of a responsible person and restrained with a leash so that the distance between the responsible person and the animal does not exceed six feet in length.
LICENSE. The annual registration of a dog or cat aged six months or older indicating it is owned and has a current rabies vaccination; such registration shall expire on April 30 of the year following the date of issuance.
LICENSE TAG. Upon the initial registration described under § 90.50, a unique one-time metal tab will be issued; such tab will be perpetual and linked to the animal so licensed and shall be attached by the owner to the collar of the animal so licensed.
MUZZLED. A vicious animal under the control of a responsible person and restrained with a muzzle, which shall be made in a manner that will not cause injury to the animal or obscure its vision or interfere with its respiration, but shall prevent it from biting any human being or animal.
OWNER OR OWNERS OF AN ANIMAL. Any person or persons, firm, association or corporation, owning, keeping, sheltering or harboring an animal.
PERSON. Any individual, association, partnership or corporation, and includes any officer, employee or agency thereof.
PET SHOP. Any person, partnership or corporation engaged in the business of breeding, buying, selling or boarding animals of any species, except the operation of a kennel, agriculture or wildlife pursuits.
PROPER ENCLOSURE. A vicious animal that has been ordered to be confined within a proper enclosure requires:
(1) The vicious animal is securely confined within an occupied house or residence or in a securely enclosed and locked pen or kennel, except when leashed and muzzled as provided in this section. Such pen, kennel or structure must have secure sides and a secure top attached to the sides or, in lieu of a top, walls at least six feet in height and at least six feet taller than any internal structure;
(2) All pens or other structures designed, constructed or used to confine the vicious animal must be locked with a key or combination lock when such animals are within the structure. Such structure must have a secure bottom, floor or foundation attached to the sides of the pen, or the sides of the pen must be embedded in the ground no less than two feet so as to prevent digging under the walls by the confined vicious animal; and
(3) The structure erected to house the vicious animal must comply with all city zoning and building regulations. The structure must be adequately lighted and ventilated and kept in a clean and sanitary condition. No vicious animal may be kept on a porch, patio or in any part of a house or structure that would allow the vicious animal to exit such building on its own volition.
PROVOCATION. The threat, injury or damage caused by the animal was sustained by a person who, at the time, was committing a willful trespass or other tort upon the premises occupied by the owner of the animal, or was tormenting, abusing or assaulting the animal, or was committing or attempting to commit a crime.
RESPONSIBLE PERSON. A person at least 18 years old who is able to keep a vicious animal under complete control at all times.
RIDING SCHOOL or HORSE STABLE. Any person, partnership or corporation engaged in the business of teaching persons to ride horses, or providing horses to ride for a fee.
TRAP-NEUTER-RETURN PROGRAM. The nonlethal process of humanely trapping, sterilizing, vaccinating and ear notching for identification, and returning community cats to their location of capture.
VICIOUS ANIMAL. Any animal, except for a dangerous animal per se, as listed herein, while running at large that has attacked or bitten any person without provocation, or any animal that has exhibited vicious propensities in present or past conduct:
(1) By biting a person or persons on two separate occasions within a 12-month period;
(2) Did bite once causing injuries above the shoulders of the person;
(3) Could not be controlled or restrained by the owner at the time of the bite to prevent the occurrence;
(4) Has attacked or bitten any domestic animal or fowl on two separate occasions within a 12- month period; or
(5) Which has been found to possess such a propensity by the City Council or its designee, after hearing.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022; Am. Ord. 2024-11, passed 11-4-2024)
Dangerous wild animals shall be prohibited as adopted in the most current edition of Iowa Code Ch. 717F - Dangerous Wild Animals promulgated by the General Assembly of the state, published by the Legislative Service Bureau.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022; Am. Ord. 2024-11, passed 11-4-2024) Penalty, see §
90.99
Dangerous wild animals shall be prohibited as adopted in the most current edition of Iowa Code Ch. 717F - Dangerous Wild Animals promulgated by the General Assembly of the state, published by the Legislative Service Bureau.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022; Am. Ord. 2024-11, passed 11-4-2024)
(A) In the event that a dangerous wild animal is found at large and unattended upon public property, park property, public right-of-way or the property of someone other than its owner, thereby creating a hazard to person or property, such animal may, in the discretion of the animal control officer or the Chief of Police, be destroyed if it cannot be confined or captured. The city shall be under no duty to attempt the confinement or capture of a dangerous wild animal found at large, nor shall it have a duty to notify the owner of such animal prior to its destruction.
(B) Upon the written complaint of any individual that a person is keeping, sheltering or harboring a dangerous wild animal on premises located in the city, the animal control officer shall cause the matter to be investigated and, if after investigation, the facts indicate that the person named in the complaint is keeping, sheltering or harboring a dangerous wild animal in the city, the animal control officer shall order the person named in the complaint to permanently place the animal with an organization or group allowed under § 90.04 to possess dangerous wild animals, or destroy the animal, within three business days of the receipt of such order. Such order shall be contained in a notice, which shall be given in writing to the person keeping, sheltering or harboring the dangerous wild animal, and shall be served personally or by certified mail. Such order and notice shall not be required where such dangerous wild animal has previously caused serious physical harm or death to any person, in which case the animal control officer shall cause the animal to be immediately seized and impounded or killed if seizure and impoundment are not possible without risk of serious physical harm or death to any person.
(C) The order issued by the animal control officer may be appealed to the City Council. In order to appeal such order, written notice of appeal must be filed with the City Clerk within three business days after receipt of the order. Failure to file such written notice of appeal shall constitute a waiver of right to appeal the order of the animal control officer.
(D) The notice of appeal shall state the grounds for such appeal and shall be delivered personally or by certified mail to the City Clerk. The hearing of such appeal shall be scheduled within 14 business days of the receipt of notice of appeal. After such hearing, the City Council may affirm or reverse the order of the animal control officer. Such determination shall be contained in a written decision and shall be filed with the City Clerk within three business days after the hearing, or any continued sessions thereof.
(E) If the City Council affirms the action of the animal control officer, the Council shall order in its written decision that the individual or entity owning, sheltering, harboring or keeping such dangerous wild animal, permanently place such animal with an organization or group allowed under § 90.04 to possess dangerous wild animals, or destroy it. The decision and order shall immediately be served upon the person or entity against whom rendered in the same manner as the notice. If the original order of the animal control officer is not appealed and is not complied with within three business days, or the order of the City Council after appeal is not complied with within three business days of its issuance, the animal control officer is authorized to seize and impound such dangerous wild animal. An animal so seized shall be impounded for a period of seven calendar days. If, at the end of the impoundment period, the individual or entity against whom the decision and order of the City Council was issued has not petitioned the district court for a review of said order, the city shall cause the animal to be disposed of by sale, permanently place such animal with an organization or group allowed under § 90.04 to possess dangerous wild animals, or destroy such animal in a humane manner. Failure to comply with an order of the city issued pursuant hereto shall constitute a simple misdemeanor and is also punishable pursuant to this code.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022; Am. Ord. 2024-11, passed 11-4-2024)
(A) No person shall keep, shelter or harbor for any reason within the city a "vicious animal" so defined herein, except as otherwise provided in this chapter. Once an animal has been deemed a vicious animal, the animal shall not be removed from the city and transferred to another city.
(B) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, no person owning, possessing, harboring or having the care of a vicious dog shall permit such animal to go unconfined upon the premises unless the dog is securely leashed and muzzled.
(1) For the purpose of this section, a VICIOUS DOG means:
(a) Any animal whose behavior constitutes a physical threat of bodily harm to a person in a place where such person is conducting himself or herself peacefully and lawfully. For the purposes of this division (B), a person is peaceably and lawfully upon the private property of an owner or possessor of an animal when he or she is on such property in the performance of any duty imposed by the laws of the jurisdiction or when he or she is on such property upon invitation, express or implied;
(b) Any animal involved in an attack which requires defensive action by any person to prevent bodily injury and/or property damage in a place where such person is conducting himself or herself peacefully and lawfully;
(c) Any animal involved in an attack on another animal or livestock which occurs off the property of the owner of the attacking animal;
(d) Any animal which, in a threatening or terrorizing manner, in an attitude of attack, approaches any person upon the streets, sidewalks or any public grounds;
(e) Any animal with a known propensity, tendency or disposition to attack, to cause injury or to otherwise threaten the safety of human beings or domestic animals;
(f) Any animal which has attacked a human being or a domestic animal on any occasion causing bodily injury or death;
(g) Any animal owned or harbored primarily or in part for the purpose of fighting or any animal trained for fighting; and/or
(h) Any animal that has been trained, tormented, badgered, baited or used for the purpose of causing or encouraging the animal to attack humans or domestic animals.
(2) An animal shall not be deemed vicious if it bites, attacks or menaces:
(a) Anyone assaulting its owner;
(b) A trespasser on the property of its owner;
(c) A person who has tormented, teased, abused or assaulted it. If a minor was under the age of seven at the time the dog injured such minor, it shall be rebuttably presumed that the minor was not committing a trespass or other tort such as teasing, tormenting or abusing the dog; and
(d) In the defense of any human being within the immediate vicinity who was being attacked or assaulted.
(3) An animal shall not be deemed vicious if it is assisting a peace officer engaged in law enforcement duties.
(4) A vicious dog is UNCONFINED unless such dog is:
(a) Securely confined in a dwelling house. An animal is not securely confined in a house if it is kept on a porch, patio or in any part of a house or building that would allow the dog to exit such structure on its own volition. In addition, no such animal is securely confined in a house where the windows are open or when screened windows or screened doors are the only obstacles preventing the dog from exiting the structure and running at large;
(b) Securely enclosed in a locked pen or kennel, except when secured within a dwelling house or leashed and muzzled as provided below. The pen or kennel must have secure sides and a secure top. The walls must be at least six feet high. In the absence of a secure top, the walls must be at least six feet taller than any internal structure (such as a dog house);
(c) All pens or other structures used to confine vicious dogs must be locked with a key or combination lock when the animal is within the structure. The structure must have a secure bottom, floor or foundation. The sides must be buried no less than two feet into the ground and sunken into a concrete pad so as to prevent digging under the walls by the confined dog;
(d) All structures erected to house dogs must comply with all city zoning and building regulations. All such structures must be adequately lighted and ventilated and kept in a clean and sanitary condition; and/or
(e) No person shall permit a vicious dog to go outside its home, kennel or pen unless the dog is secured by a leash no longer than six feet in length. Both dog and leash must be under the physical control of a person 18 years of age or older with sufficient strength to prevent the dog's escape. The dog may not be leashed or chained or tethered or otherwise tied to any inanimate object, such as a tree, post or building, outside of its pen, kennel or secured dwelling house.
(5) A vicious dog may not be required to be muzzled when shown in an American Kennel Club show or when securely confined in a private vehicle and inaccessible to persons other than those within the vehicle. A vicious dog will be required to be muzzled in the above mentioned circumstances when a person, who is in the presence of the vicious dog, is concerned about his or her safety and requests the owner place a muzzle on the vicious dog.
(6) An application to license a vicious dog must include:
(a) An insurance policy or a certificate of insurance issued by an insurance company licensed to do business in the state, providing personal liability insurance coverage as in a homeowner's policy, with a minimum liability amount, set by resolution approved by the City Council, for the injury or death of any person, for damage to property of others and for acts of negligence by the owner or agent of the owner in the negligent keeping of such vicious dog;
(b) Posting a bond for the amount, set buy resolution approved by the City Council, may be used as an alternative to insurance mentioned in division (B)(6)(a) above. Any association or corporation, whose primary business is the insuring of the fidelity of others, and which has the authority to do business in the state, shall be acceptable as security on the aforementioned bond. All bonds, when duly executed, shall be filed with the Clerk;
(c) The insurance policy or certificate of insurance or posting of a bond referred to in this section shall provide that it cannot be canceled or terminated until ten days' notice by registered mail of such cancellation or termination has been received by the City Manager or designee; and
(d) The cancellation or other termination of any insurance policy or bond issued in compliance with this division (B) shall automatically revoke and terminate the license issued for a vicious dog unless another policy or bond complying with this section is provided and in effect at the time of such cancellation or termination. The City Manager or designee shall immediately issue written notification of the revocation of said certificate and any license issued as aforesaid.
(7) Any owner failing to comply with the provisions of this chapter after it has been determined that said owner's dog is vicious under this section is guilty of a misdemeanor. See Chapter 11 entitled "Municipal Infractions."
(8) The following procedure will be followed by the city when it has received a complaint about a dog or when the animal control officer or other law enforcement official has personally seen a dog which is acting in a manner which might conform with the description of a vicious dog in division (B)(1) above.
(a) The dog will be picked up and impounded. The owner shall pay all costs of this confinement.
(b) The Police Chief or the animal control officer shall devise or cause to be devised a list of people qualified and willing to sit upon a hearing panel for the purpose of determining whether a dog should be labeled vicious under the structures of this section. People qualified to serve on this panel are licensed veterinarians, the city's animal control officer, qualified dog breeders with not less than ten years' experience as active breeders and qualified obedience instructors with not less than ten years' experience in American Kennel Club recognized obedience clubs. From this pool, three people shall be chosen to act as the jury in an official hearing to be conducted to determine the disposition of an impounded dog.
(c) The official conducting the hearing shall notify the owner of the impounded dog of the hearing and its purpose by personal service or registered mail. The hearing shall be held no sooner than five days and no later than ten days after the owner is given notice.
(d) If an owner is notified of a hearing and no reply is received within ten days, the dog will be humanely destroyed or otherwise disposed of in accordance with state law.
(e) During the hearing, both the owner and the person charging the dog shall have opportunity to present evidence both written and oral and to be represented by legal counsel. The panel, after hearing the evidence, shall declare a dog vicious if it finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the dog meets any of the definitions of a vicious dog as laid out in division (A)(1) above.
(f) The panel shall have the right to pronounce judgment and require the dog to be impounded until the owner complies with divisions (B)(6)(a) through (B)(6)(c) above, and a failure by the owner to comply within 20 days shall cause the procedures for euthanasia to be carried out.
(9) Apprehension and impoundment of vicious dogs shall include:
(a) If the owner has previously complied with this section and the dog has nonetheless caused injury to either person or property, the panel may require euthanasia to be carried out on the vicious dog;
(b) The order of the panel may be appealed to the Council. In order to appeal, written notice must be filed with the Clerk within three days after receipt of the order of the panel. Failure to file such written notice of appeal shall constitute a waiver of the right to appeal the order of the panel;
(c) The notice of appeal shall state the grounds for such appeal and shall be delivered personally or by certified mail to the Clerk. The hearing of such appeal shall be scheduled within 14 days of the receipt of notice of appeal. The hearing may be continued for good cause. The hearing shall be confined to the record made before the panel and no additional evidence shall be taken. After such hearing, the Council may affirm or reverse the order of the panel. Such determination shall be contained in a written decision and shall be filed with the Clerk within three days after the hearing. A copy of the written decision shall also be sent by certified mail to the dog's owner or the owner's designated legal representative;
(d) The order of the Council may be appealed within 20 days after the receipt of the written order by the dog's owner or the owner's legal representative, to the District Court in accordance with the Iowa Rules of Civil Procedure. Failure to file such appeal shall constitute a waiver of the right to appeal the order of the Council; and
(e) During the process of appeal, the dog will be kept impounded by the city at the expense of the owner or the owner may redeem the dog by complying with the confinement and insurance provisions of this section.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Ord. 2012-03, passed - -2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022) Penalty, see § 90.99
The prohibition contained in § 90.06(A) shall not apply to the keeping of vicious animals in the following circumstances:
(A) Animals under the control of a law enforcement or military agency; and/or
(B) The keeping of guard dogs. However, guard dogs must be kept within a structure or fixed enclosure at all times, and any guard dog found at large may be processed as a vicious animal pursuant to the provisions of § 90.08. Any premises guarded by a guard dog shall be prominently posted with a sign containing the wording "guard dog," "vicious dog" or words of similar import, and the owner of such premises shall inform the Chief of Police that a guard dog is on duty at such premises.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022)
(A) The animal control officer or designee, in his or her discretion or upon receipt of a complaint alleging that a particular animal is a "vicious animal" as defined herein, may initiate proceedings to declare such animal a vicious animal. A hearing on the matter shall be conducted by the municipal hearing officer or Magistrate. The person owning, keeping, sheltering or harboring the animal in question shall be given not less than 72 hours' written notice of the time and place of said hearing. Said notice shall set forth the description of the animal in question and the basis for the allegation of viciousness. The notice shall also set forth that if the animal is determined to be vicious, the owner may be required to securely confine the animal within a proper enclosure, allow the animal to be destroyed or comply with additional or alternative terms and conditions imposed by the City Council or its designee. Once proceedings have been initiated to declare such animal a vicious animal, the animal shall not be removed from the city and transferred to another city unless and until it is decided that the animal is not vicious. The notice shall be served upon any adult residing at the premises where the animal is located, or may be posted on those premises if no adult is present to accept service.
(B) If, after hearing, the municipal hearing officer or Magistrate determines that the animal is vicious, the hearing officer or Magistrate shall order the person, firm or corporation owning, sheltering, harboring or keeping the animal to securely confine the animal within a proper enclosure, cause it to be destroyed in a humane manner, or comply with additional or alternative terms and conditions. Once a determination has been made that the animal is vicious, the animal shall not be removed from the city and transferred to another city. The order shall immediately be served upon the individual or entity against whom issued in the same manner as the notice of hearing. The individual or entity so served shall have three business days from the date of service to file a written appeal of the hearing officer's or Magistrate's order to the City Council who may confirm or alter the findings of the hearing officer or Magistrate after holding a public hearing on the matter. If the order is not complied with within a time period the city has deemed to be reasonable, and the order is not appealed to the City Council as provided above, the animal control officer is authorized to seize and impound the animal. An animal so seized shall be impounded for a period of seven calendar days. If, at the end of the impoundment period, the individual or entity against whom the order of the hearing officer or Magistrate was issued has not petitioned the district court for a review of said order, the animal control officer shall cause the animal to be destroyed.
(C) Failure to comply with an order of the hearing officer or Magistrate or Council issued pursuant hereto shall constitute a simple misdemeanor, and is also punishable pursuant to this code.
(D) Any animal found at large which displays vicious tendencies may be impounded and processed as a vicious animal pursuant to the foregoing, unless the animal is so vicious that it cannot safely be apprehended, in which case the animal control officer may immediately destroy it. If an animal is so impounded, the animal control officer shall try to ascertain and contact the owner of the animal, but if unable to ascertain the owner within 72 hours of the animal's seizure, the animal control officer may destroy the seized animal in a humane manner.
(E) Any animal which is alleged to be vicious and which is under impoundment or quarantine at the animal shelter shall not be released to the owner, but shall continue to be held at the expense of the owner pending the outcome of the hearing. All costs of such impoundment or quarantine shall be paid by the owner if the animal is determined to be vicious. If the animal is not determined to be vicious, all costs of such impoundment or quarantine shall be paid by the city.
(Ord. 2012-02, passed 2-7-2012; Am. Ord. 2022-08, passed 6-28-2022)
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