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The storage of flammable liquids shall be limited to the amount necessary for immediate use, and they shall be stored and handled in a safe and approved manner. Flammable liquids with flash point less than ninety degrees Fahrenheit (90°F) and in excess of one (1) day’s supply shall be stored in approved standard storage cabinets conforming to the provisions of Section 3129.43(d). Flammable finishing material in excess of that required for three (3) days’ operations shall be stored in approved fire resistive rooms for storing or handling hazardous substances substantially conforming to the provisions of Section 3129.43(c).
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) Maximum Quantity. The storage of flammable liquids within the sales space of any retail store, paint and oil store or other mercantile establishment shall not exceed the limits set in Section 383.05, and shall not exceed the following quantities in any one (1) establishment or fire area:
(1) The aggregate quantity of flammable liquid with flash point less than ninety degrees Fahrenheit (90°F) shall not exceed one hundred (100) gallons and of this quantity not more than one-half (1/2) shall be liquid with flash point of twenty-five degrees (25°F) or less.
(2) The aggregate quantity of flammable liquid with flash point of ninety degrees Fahrenheit (90°F) or more shall not exceed three thousand (3,000) gallons.
(b) Material and Size of Containers. In retail stores, paint and oil stores, hardware stores, drugstores and other mercantile establishments, flammable liquids within the sales space, and all Class I liquids in any location, shall be stored, handled and sold in sealed containers conforming to the following requirements:
(1) Liquids with flash point of fifty degrees Fahrenheit (50°F) or less shall be in metal or other approved incombustible nonfragile containers not exceeding one (1) gallon in size except that glass containers not exceeding one (1) quart in size may be used for shellac and other flammable liquids with a flash point more than twenty-five degrees Fahrenheit (25°F) which are shown to be unstable when stored in metal containers, and except that glass containers not exceeding four (4) ounce capacity may be used for flammable liquid irrespective of flash point.
(2) Flammable liquids with flash point of fifty degrees Fahrenheit (50°F) or more shall be in metal or other approved incombustible nonfragile containers not exceeding five (5) gallons capacity except that flammable liquids with a flash point of ninety degrees Fahrenheit (90°F) or more may be in glass containers not exceeding one (1) gallon capacity.
(c) Storage in Fire-Resistive Storage Rooms. Storage of flammable liquid in excess of the quantities specified in subsection (a) hereof, and storage of flammable liquid in metal containers or other approved incombustible containers exceeding the capacities specified in subsection (b) hereof, but not exceeding sixty (60) gallon capacity, shall be either within rooms conforming to the provisions of Section 3129.43(c), or in aboveground or underground tanks as prescribed in this chapter and Chapters 385 and 3129, or in approved separate storage houses approved for such storage, or in drums or barrels stored outdoors in an approved isolated location. Class I liquids stored within such fire- resistive rooms shall be in sealed containers not exceeding the sizes specified in subsection (b)(1) hereof.
(d) Dispensing.
(1) The provisions of this subsection (d) shall not apply to the mixing or compounding of medicines by a registered pharmacist.
(2) Except as provided in subsections (d)(1) and (4) hereof, there shall be no dispensing of flammable liquid by drawing into a container within the sales space of any retail store, paint and oil store, hardware store, drugstore or other mercantile establishment.
(3) Any Class I liquid stored or handled within the sales space of any retail store, paint and oil store, hardware store, drugstore or other mercantile establishment shall be in sealed containers, and none shall be dispensed or transferred from one (1) container to another except as provided in subsection (d)(1) hereof.
(4) Flammable anti-freeze liquid with a flash point of fifty degrees Fahrenheit (50°F) or more, and Class III liquid, may be dispensed in the rooms of a service station building, provided there is no open flame which is less than eight (8) feet above the floor level within the room where dispensing of flammable liquid with a flash point of one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F) or less is done, or within the range of vapor flow from containers of flammable liquid with flash point of one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F) or less, and provided no container of flammable liquid with flash point of one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F)or less in such room exceeds sixty (60) gallon capacity.
(5) Flammable liquid with a flash point of ninety degrees Fahrenheit (90°F) or more, such as kerosene or turpentine, and flammable anti-freeze with a flash point of fifty degrees Fahrenheit (50°F) or more, may be dispensed within a retail store, paint and oil store, hardware store, drugstore or other mercantile establishment if the dispensing or drawing of such liquid is done within a room, separate from the sales space, provided with approved natural or mechanical ventilation adequate to prevent fire and health hazards and enclosed in partitions, floor and ceiling construction and self-closing doors having a fire resistance rating of not less than three-fourths (3/4) hour, and provided further that there is no source of ignition which is less than eight (8) feet above the floor level within the room where dispensing is done or within the range of vapor flow, and no container within such room exceeds sixty (60) gallon capacity.
(6) The floor surface in any such dispensing room shall be of incombustible material.
(7) All withdrawal from containers exceeding ten (10) gallon capacity shall be done by means of approved pumps. No withdrawal from such containers shall be by operation of a pressure or gravity system.
(e) Construction Requirements.
(1) Every retail store, paint and oil store, hardware store, drugstore or other mercantile establishment in which flammable liquid is stored, handled and sold, contained within any building of residential occupancy classification, shall be separated from other occupancies in the same building by an occupancy separation having a fire resistance rating of not less than three-fourths (3/4) hour.
(2) Whenever any basement or cellar in any retail store, paint and oil store, hardware store, drugstore or other mercantile establishment is used for storing, handling or selling flammable liquid, the floor construction above such basement or cellar shall have a fire resistance rating of not less than three-fourths (3/4) hour.
(3) There shall be not less than two (2) approved means of egress from the sales area of all retail stores, paint and oil stores, hardware stores, drugstores or other mercantile establishments storing in excess of an aggregate of three hundred (300) gallons of flammable liquid in the sales area.
(f) Labeling. All containers in which flammable liquid is sold to the retail trade or for domestic or household use shall have a warning label or marking. Such warning label or marking shall conform to nationally recognized standards therefor approved by the Division of Fire.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) Flammable liquid stored within fire resistive storage rooms and not stored in approved stationary or fixed storage tanks shall be within approved containers or safety cans not exceeding sixty (60) gallon capacity. No open containers shall be permitted and caps, plugs and bungs shall be in place and containers closed except when being filled or emptied. A container with an attached approved dispensing pump shall be deemed to be a closed container.
(b) Containers shall be stored on or in suitable incombustible racks or cabinets, or shall be stored on racks of wood heavily treated so as to make them fire- resistant, or shall be stored on suitable approved open strip-type pallets or dunnage which may be of untreated wood. All storage shall be so arranged that Fire Division access for fire fighting purposes shall not be obstructed and so that efficient operation of any automatic fire extinguishing system shall not be prevented. No containers shall be stored by being piled one on top of another without provisions for maintaining the piles in a stable condition by the use of pallets or other suitable supports.
(c) Whenever practicable, withdrawal from containers or from stationary or fixed tanks shall be by pumping. Incombustible drip pans shall be provided to catch all drip or overflow.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) Bulk storage of Class I liquid shall be in underground storage tanks or in outdoor aboveground storage tanks, except that outdoor aboveground storage tanks shall not be installed at gasoline service stations or garages. Storage in containers shall conform to the limitations specified in Sections 383.05, 383.17, 383.18 and 383.27.
(b) No outlet from a discharge system from a stationary or fixed tank for storing or handling Class I or Class II liquid shall be within a building unless such discharge outlet is within a room which conforms to the provisions of Section 3129.43(c), or is connected to an approved system of piping equipped with approved manual and automatic safety devices which will prevent the continued flow of liquid in case of fire or breakage of piping.
(c) Except as provided in subsection (d) hereof, no containers exceeding five (5) gallon capacity shall be opened or used in buildings not devoted primarily to the manufacturing or processing of flammable liquid, except within a room conforming to the provisions of Section 3129.43(c).
(d) In manufacturing plants, where necessary for the processes involved, and in garages, the Fire Chief may authorize the storing and handling of Class I and Class II liquids in portable wheeled tanks conforming to Class C of NFPA Standard No. 30 entitled “Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code” or in closed containers not exceeding sixty (60) gallon capacity. In plants devoted primarily to the manufacture or processing of flammable liquid the Chief may authorize the handling of Class I or Class II flammable liquid in approved covered portable or wheeled containers not exceeding one hundred fifty (150) gallon capacity.
(e) So far as practicable, the use of flammable liquids shall be from approved safety cans or by pumping from sealed containers.
(f) Flammable liquid in kettles, vats or tanks and being processed in a plant which processes or manufactures flammable liquid shall not be deemed to be in storage.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) No storage tank for Class I or Class II liquid shall be buried within a building except under special permit from the Division of Fire, and no such permit shall be issued where such tank can practicably be located on the premises outside the building.
(b) No storage tank for Class I or Class II liquid shall be buried within a building except in buildings of storage occupancy, high hazard occupancy or industrial occupancy classification, and all such storage tanks shall be so located and protected as to present the minimum practicable hazard to the occupants.
(c) In such buildings, two (2) storage tanks for Class I or Class II liquid, not exceeding five thousand (5,000) gallon aggregate capacity, may be installed under a concrete floor construction at the lowest floor level provided they are so located and installed that any seepage or leakage therefrom will not drain into the basements or cellars of adjacent properties.
(d) All tanks buried within buildings shall be not less than three (3) feet below the floor, measured from the top of the tank to the floor level directly above.
(e) The floor directly above such tanks, and for a distance of not less than two (2) feet on all sides above such tanks, shall be of reinforced concrete not less than six (6) inches in thickness, properly constructed and anchored to the floor construction to resist uplift.
(f) Gauge openings of such tanks shall be protected against vapor release and liquid overflow by means of spring loaded check valves, and against vapor release by extending the gauge wells to within three (3) inches of the bottoms of the tanks. All such tanks shall have approved fill and vent connections extended to an approved outdoor location.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) The provisions of this section shall not apply to buildings each occupied by one (1) tenant and used for the processing or manufacturing of flammable liquid, provided such buildings are adequately isolated from other premises and do not present a conflagration hazard to the community.
(b) Except as provided in subsection (a) hereof, tanks for Class III liquid larger than sixty (60) gallon capacity shall not be located above the lowest story of any building. No inside storage tank for Class III liquid shall be located within seven (7) feet horizontally of any open flame.
(c) In buildings of Class III, exterior protected construction, or Class IV, wood construction, the nominal aggregate capacity of such tanks for Class III liquid shall not exceed five thousand (5,000) gallons unless installed as provided in subsection (e) hereof.
(d) In buildings of Class I, fireproof, or Class II, incombustible construction, the nominal aggregate capacity of such tanks for Class III liquid shall not exceed fifteen thousand (15,000) gallons unless installed as provided in subsection (e) hereof.
(e) In any building, if within or buried below a fire-resistive detached room cut off vertically and horizontally in an approved manner by means of an incombustible separation having a fire resistance rating of not less than four (4) hours, the nominal aggregate capacity of such tanks for Class III liquid shall not exceed fifty thousand (50,000) gallons, with no individual tank capacity extending twenty-five thousand (25,000) gallon capacity. Such room shall be so constructed and openings to such room shall be so located that the room will serve as a dike to retain any leakage or seepage.
(f) Except as provided in subsection (a) hereof, tanks for Class III liquid located inside buildings shall not exceed two hundred seventy-five (275) gallons individual capacity or five hundred fifty (550) gallons aggregate capacity in one (1) building or fire area unless installed at least three (3) feet below a concrete floor of the lowest floor level, or installed in the lowest story within or below a fire-resistive detached room as provided in subsection (a) hereof, or in an enclosure or casing constructed as follows:
(1) The walls of the enclosure shall be constructed of reinforced concrete at least six (6) inches thick or of brickwork at least eight (8) inches thick, and shall be bonded to the floor. The space between the tank and the enclosure shall be completely filled with sand or well tamped earth. When the floor or other construction immediately above the tank is of fire-resistive construction capable of safely sustaining a load of one hundred fifty (150) pounds per square foot, the walls of the enclosure shall be carried to a height not less than one (1) foot above the tank and the space above the tank filled with sand or well tamped earth to the top of the wall; otherwise the enclosure shall have a top of reinforced concrete at least five (5) inches thick, or a top of equivalent construction.
(2) Instead of the enclosure described in subsection (f)(1) hereof, the tank may be encased in reinforced concrete not less than six (6) inches in thickness, applied directly to the tank so as to completely eliminate any air space.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
(a) Underground tanks outside buildings used for the storage of flammable liquid shall conform to the provisions of this section.
(b) Individual underground tanks for flammable liquid located outside of buildings shall not exceed thirty thousand (30,000) gallon capacity.
(c) The distance from any underground tank outside buildings to a lot line or a building shall be not less than three (3) feet.
(d) No underground tank for liquid with flash point of one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F) or less shall be installed under any street, alley or other public thoroughfare.
(e) The shells of underground storage tanks for Class I or Class II flammable liquid shall be located not less than three (3) feet horizontally from the nearest outside wall of any basement, pit or cellar with floor lower in elevation than the top of such tank, except that a lesser distance may be approved when the tank is enclosed, encased or otherwise protected against injury in an approved manner. Where deemed necessary by the Division of Fire to provide a means of guarding against leakage, tanks for such liquids shall be encircled by a line of open-jointed or perforated drainage tile laid in an approved manner in porous material at a level below the lowest adjoining tank, with inspection wells extending from the drainage tile to the grade level, where directed by the Division. Such inspection wells shall have tight-fitting, easily removable plugs or caps at the grade level.
(f) The distance between underground tanks shall be not less than two (2) feet.
(g) Tanks buried underground outside buildings shall have the top of the tank below the level of any piping to which the tanks may be connected and not less than three (3) feet below the surface of the ground, except that:
(1) In lieu of three (3) feet earth cover, tanks may be buried under twenty-four (24) inches of earth plus a slab of reinforced concrete not less than six (6) inches in thickness extending at least one (1) foot beyond the shell of the tank in all directions.
(2) When tanks are buried under driveways, the total coverage shall be not less than three (3) feet when the uppermost six (6) inches of such coverage is reinforced concrete extending at least one (1) foot beyond the shell of the tanks in all directions, and four (4) feet total coverage in other cases.
(h) Where a tank located outside of buildings cannot be entirely buried, it shall be covered over with earth to a depth of at least three (3) feet. Any sloped surfaces of earth cover shall not be steeper than the angle of repose of the cover material.
(Ord. No. 991-49. Passed 6-27-49, eff. 6-27-49)
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