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Construction Materials. Underground and enclosed tanks for flammable liquids shall be constructed of galvanized steel, or open hearth steel, or of wrought iron of thickness and weight not less than provided in the following table:
Capacity (Gallons) | Minimum Thickness of Materials | |
U.S. Standard Gauge | Pounds Per Sq.Ft. | |
Capacity (Gallons) | Minimum Thickness of Materials | |
U.S. Standard Gauge | Pounds Per Sq.Ft. | |
1 to 285 | 16 | 2.5 |
286 to 560 | 14 | 3.125 |
561 to 1,100 | 12 | 4.375 |
1,101 to 4,000 | 7 | 7.5 |
4,001 to 12,000 | 1/4 in. | 10 |
12,001 to 20,000 | 5/16 in. | 12.5 |
Any tank built in accordance with Underwriters' Laboratories Standard 172 shall be acceptable.
All material used in underground and enclosed storage tanks, for which material is lighter than No. 7 U. S. Standard gauge shall be galvanized. If internal bracing is provided, tanks for the storing of Class III liquids, having a capacity of from 12,001 to 30,000 gallons, shall be built of steel plate not less than one- fourth-inch thick. All joints of tanks shall be riveted and caulked, brazed or welded. Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. labeled or any other nationally recognized testing laboratories approved glass-fiber reinforced plastic tanks may be used for underground storage of flammable liquids. Tanks shall be tight and sufficiently strong to bear without injury the most severe strains to which tanks are subjected. Shells of tanks shall be properly reinforced where connections are made. All connections shall be made through the top of the tank above the liquid level. Tanks and systems under pressure shall be designed for four times the maximum working pressure. All iron or steel tanks shall be coated on the outside with tar or asphaltum or heavy protective paint. All concrete tanks shall be constructed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 13-136 of this Code. Compartmented tanks shall not be permitted. Inlet openings for flammable liquid tanks inside buildings shall be piped down to four inches from the bottom of the tank unless they are equipped with a trap. Gauging openings inside of buildings shall not be permitted.
All enclosed and underground tanks when installed shall be tested to a pressure equal to the static head of the height of the vent, but not smaller than five psi. Such test shall be held for not less than 30 minutes without loss of air of more than ten percent air pressure drop. When it is necessary to test such tank to a pressure of more than five psi, the test shall be of hydrostatic nature utilizing water. Pressure tanks shall be tested to one and one-half times their working pressure.
Covering for Metal Tanks. All flammable liquid tanks buried underground shall have the top of the tank not less than two feet below the surface of the ground except in lieu of such covering, tanks may be buried under not less than 12 inches of earth, with a cover of reinforced concrete not less than six inches in thickness provided over such tanks, which shall extend not less than one foot horizontally beyond projected limits of the tanks in all directions. All concrete work shall be in accordance with Chapter 13-136 of this Code. Where tanks are liable to be displaced because of moisture in the ground, all tanks shall be securely anchored or weighted. Where tanks are located under driveways, such tanks shall not be less than three feet below the top surface of the driveway; provided, however, that if such driveways are paved with concrete not less than six inches in thickness, the total coverage above the top of the tank shall be not less than two feet.
Covering for Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. Labeled Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic Tanks.
Depth and Cover. Glass-fiber reinforced plastic tanks shall be set upon firm earth which has not been previously disturbed and may be set on a minimum of six inches of number 4 run gravel or sand. Glass-fiber reinforced plastic tanks shall be buried with two and one-half feet of compacted well graded granular soil, number 4 run gravel or sand, with a cover of reinforced concrete not less than six inches in thickness provided over such tanks, which shall extend not less than one foot horizontally beyond the projected limits of the tank in all directions, a minimum clearance of eighteen inches between tanks. When anchoring is required, hold down straps shall be installed. A minimum clearance of two inches between bottom end of pipe and tank bottom shall be maintained. Dipstick shall be made of wood without sharp tips. Means shall be provided not to allow dipstick to reach bottom of tank.
Capacity. The individual capacity of underground tanks is limited in respect to the lowest floor, basement or lot line as given in the following table:
Class I | Class II and III Gallons |
Class I | Class II and III Gallons | |
If top of tank is above the lowest floor, basement or part of any building with a clearance of 10 feet or less | 550 | 50,000 |
More than 10 feet | 551 to 2,000 | 50,001 to 75,000 |
More than 20 feet | 2,001 to 5,000 | 75,001 to 100,000 |
More than 25 feet | 5,001 to 15,000 | 100,001 to 150,000 |
More than 30 feet | 15,001 to 20,000 | 150,001 to 200,000 |
More than 40 feet | 20,001 to 50,000 | 200,001 to 500,000 |
More than 50 feet | Unlimited | Unlimited |
Clearances on the side adjacent to a public street or alley may be waived.
The capacity of any tank containing flammable liquid of Class I shall not exceed 15,000 gallons in any filling station.
Distance from sewers, conduits and vaults shall be the same as outlined in the above table. When said sewer, conduits, or vault are below the top of the tank, the term “sewer” includes a line out of the said site; provided, however, these clearances shall not be required from a sewer line out of said site if such sewer is constructed of cast iron with hot poured lead joints.
Abandonment or Removal of Underground Tanks. Underground tanks taken out of service shall be disposed of by any one of the three following means:
(a) Being placed in “temporarily out of service” condition; provided, however, that no temporarily out of service tank shall be built upon;
(b) Abandoned in place; or
(c) Removed.
Tanks Rendered “Temporarily Out of Service”.
“Tanks rendered ‘Temporarily Out of Service”' means flammable liquid storage tanks which are temporarily not being used for a period of time less than six months.
(a) Remove all flammable liquid that can be pumped out with the service pump;
(b) The fill line, gauge hatch and pump suction shall be capped and secured against tampering;
(c) The vent line shall be left open.
Abandoning Underground Tanks in Place.
(a) Remove all flammable liquid from tank and from all connecting lines;
(b) The suction, inlet, gauge and vent lines shall be disconnected;
(c) The tank shall be flooded with water, pumped out and then filled with an inert solid material;
(d) Remove all connecting lines below ground level, and cap or plug all tank openings below ground level.
Removal of Underground Tanks.
(a) Remove all flammable liquid from tank and connecting lines;
(b) Disconnect the suction, inlet, gauge and vent lines;
(c) The tank shall be flushed with water and cleaned until rendered gas-free as indicated by combustible gas indicator;
(d) If a tank is to be disposed of as junk, it shall be retested for explosive vapors, and rendered gas- free. Before releasing to a junk dealer, a sufficient number of holes or openings shall be made at the bottom of the tank. The net cross-sectional area for such holes shall not be less than 78 square inches per tank;
(e) The tank shall be removed immediately from said site.
Prohibition of Abandonment of Aboveground Flammable Liquid Tanks.
(a) Abandoned aboveground flammable liquid tanks shall be removed. The tank shall be flushed with water and cleaned until rendered gas-free as indicated by a combustible gas indicator.
(b) The tank shall be dismantled and junked. If in one piece before releasing to a junk dealer, a sufficient number of holes or openings shall be made in the tank. The net cross-sectional area for such holes shall not be less than 78 square inches per tank.
(Prior code § 129.1-22)
All flammable liquid tanks in use may be tested in accordance with Section 15-24-280 whenever the fire commissioner deems necessary.
(Prior code § 129.1-22.1; Amend Coun. J. 5-18-16, p. 24131, § 144)
ARTICLE III. CLOSED CONTAINER STORAGE (15-24-310 et seq.)
Storage in Containers. The storage of flammable liquids within buildings shall be as given in this paragraph; provided, however, that in a special room for flammable liquids, unlimited quantities of Class II or III flammable liquids may be stored therein as provided in Section 15-24-410 of this Code.
(a) In Buildings of Type IVA or IVB Construction. Class I or II liquids, in sealed containers of safety cans of not more than one gallon capacity, not exceeding a total of five gallons. Class III liquids, maximum limit of any tank or container, 60 gallons to a maximum aggregate amount of 60 gallons except as otherwise permitted in Sections 15-24-170, 15-24-270 and 15-24-280 of this Code.
(b) In Other Buildings. Class I liquids, in sealed containers or safety cans not more than one gallon capacity, not exceeding a total of ten gallons. Class II liquids in sealed containers or safety cans of not more than five gallons capacity or in barrels, drums or tanks not more than 60 gallons capacity, to a maximum aggregate amount of 60 gallons. Class III liquids in sealed containers of not more than five gallons capacity, in barrels, drums and tanks not exceeding 120 gallons capacity to a maximum aggregate amount of 120 gallons, except as otherwise permitted in Sections 15-24-170, 15-24-270 and 15-24-280 of this Code.
(c) Whenever the amount of flammable liquid stored in a building exceeds the limits in subitems (a) or (b) given above, the excess flammable liquid shall be stored in a special room for flammable liquids.
(d) Paint and Lettering. Portable containers of a capacity of ten gallons or less, used for storing Class I flammable liquids, shall be painted red, or shall be painted with a conspicuous band or stripe of red. Such containers shall be conspicuously lettered in black with the following words: “Dangerous – Keep Lights and Fires Away”. Portable containers, used for storing Class III flammable liquids shall be painted blue, or shall be painted with a conspicuous band or stripe of blue. Such containers shall be conspicuously lettered in white with the following words: “Dangerous – Keep Light and Fire Away”.
Storage Cabinets. Where the total quantity of flammable liquids stored is more than ten gallons and less than 50 gallons, and no individual container exceeds five gallons capacity, storage cabinets constructed as follows shall be required: bottom, top and sides of cabinet shall be made of sheet iron, not less than No. 18 gauge in thickness. Said cabinet shall be double walled, with not less than one and one-half inches air space. Joints shall be riveted or welded. Doors shall be of a construction equivalent to walls and shall be provided with a three-joint lock. Door sill shall be raised not less than two inches above the bottom of the cabinet. The cabinet shall be conspicuously labeled in red letters: “Flammable – Keep Fire Away”.
(Prior code § 129.1-23)
All containers, tanks and other equipment used for the storage or use of flammable liquids and all buildings and premises wherein the same are stored or used shall be constructed and maintained in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
Every container or tank for flammable liquids of a capacity of 60 gallons or more, either aboveground or within a building, and the premises and equipment used for the storage or handling of flammable liquids by any person subject to license under this chapter, shall be inspected by the fire commissioner at least once each year.
(Prior code § 129.1-24; Amend Coun. J. 5-18-16, p. 24131, § 145)
All flammable liquids, flammable liquid compounds or flammable liquid mixtures, offered for sale at retail in containers shall be conspicuously marked or labeled “flammable” in easily legible type, which is in contrast by typography, layout or color with any other printed matter on the label. Labels shall not be required on beverages, articles of food or drugs, when the container is labeled in accordance with the regulations of the Interstate Commerce Commission or Department of Transportation or when the container is labeled in accordance with the Federal Hazardous Substances Labeling Act and Regulations.
(Prior code § 129.1-25)
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