(a) Specific equipment standards and emission control specifications:
(1) Vapor barriers. Vapor barriers must, at a minimum, enclose the dry cleaning equipment. Vapor barriers can be constructed of polyvinyl chloride, PVC sheet 22 mil thick (0.022 in.), sheet metal, metal foil face composite board, or other equivalent materials that are impermeable to perc vapors. Vapor barriers must be constructed so that all joints and seams are sealed except for inlet makeup air and exhaust openings and entry doors. Entry doors may only be open when a person is entering or exiting the room enclosure.
(2) General exhaust ventilation system. Dry cleaning facilities which are co-located must be equipped with a vapor barrier and with a general exhaust ventilation system that is completely separate from the ventilation system(s) serving other areas of the building. The general exhaust ventilation system must be located near the dry cleaning machinery or connected to a separate room enclosure with a vapor barrier exhausting emissions to the outer air. The system shall be designed and operated to maintain a negative pressure in the room enclosure whenever the dry cleaning machine(s) is operating. This dry cleaning general exhaust ventilation system must be operated at all times when the dry cleaning machine(s) is in operation, and during maintenance operations and must be capable of at least one air change per five minutes.
(3) Door fan/local exhaust ventilation systems.
(i) All first, second and third generation dry cleaning equipment must be equipped with a door fan/local exhaust ventilation system. This system must include a mechanical exhaust fan that is activated when the loading door is open, drawing air from the machine drum causing fresh air to be drawn in through the loading door. A minimum inward air velocity of 100 fpm, must be maintained through the effective door opening area of the loading door of the machine.
(ii) Door fan/local exhaust ventilation systems must not recirculate vapors into the workroom and must be properly vented to the outer air.
(iii) Door fan/local exhaust ventilation emissions must be controlled to a design emission standard of five ppm perc with an in-use maximum compliance standard of 20 ppm.
(4) Process Ventilation Emissions – Interim Standards.
(i) Process ventilation emission points on first and second generation machines that exhaust during the aeration cycle and when the machine door is open must be vented to the outer air above the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies.
(ii) Process ventilation emissions from existing first and second generation vented machines having emission controls as part of the original equipment or retrofitted to comply with the 100 ppm perc emission standard effective May 10, 1981 under the repealed version of Title 6, Part 232 of Codes, Rules, and Regulations of the State of New York must continue to meet this standard until such time as retrofitting, replacement, or shutdown is required under this section.
(iii) Process ventilation emissions from existing second generation machines that are retrofitted with control equipment to comply with interim standards established under (b)(3) or (b)(6) in this section must be designed to achieve a perc concentration of five ppm or less in the exhaust and achieve an in-use compliance standard of less than 20 ppm perc in the exhaust.
(iv) The exhaust damper of a vented first or second generation machine must be completely closed when the machine is not being vented, and must not leak vapors into the workroom or the outer air.
(5) Primary emission control systems. Refrigerated condensers or equivalent closed-loop vapor recovery systems must meet the following requirements:
(i) Refrigerated condensers must be capable of achieving an outlet vapor temperature downstream of any by-pass of the condenser less than or equal to 45°F (7.2°C) during the final cool down cycle, and achieve a concentration of 8600 ppm or less perc in the drum upon completion of the drying cycle.
(ii) Refrigerated condensers must have a graduated thermometer, thermocouple or equivalent instrument with a minimum range from 0°F (-18°C) to 150°F (66°C), that measures the temperature of the outlet vapor stream downstream of any by-pass of the condenser, and is easily visible to the operator.
(iii) New third and fourth generation equipment with refrigerated condenser control systems must be equipped with a drying sensor/controller that extends the drying time at least four minutes beyond the point that the solvent recovery rate is less than 40 ml/min or solvent vapor concentration in the drum is less than 8600 ppm perc.
(iv) The refrigerated condenser must be operated with a diverter valve.
(v) Equivalent closed-loop vapor recovery systems or other control device must use a technology that has been demonstrated, pursuant to the requirements of 15 RCNY § 12-17, to achieve at least 90 percent by weight emission reduction based upon the amount of perc entering and leaving the control device.
(6) A secondary control system must:
(i) be designed to function with a primary control system complying with all requirements for third generation equipment.
(ii) be capable of reducing the perc concentration in the drum from 8600 ppm or greater to 300 ppm.
(iii) Any integral carbon adsorber used as a secondary control system must be sized correctly for the machine and be capable of reducing the perc concentration in the drum from 8,600 ppm or greater to 300 ppm or less.
(iv) The integral carbon adsorber must be designed for non-contact steam or hot air stripping operation, and must be stripped or desorbed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions or at least weekly, whichever is more stringent.
(7) Spill containment. All new third and fourth generation, or used, reinstalled dry cleaning equipment must be equipped with a spill containment system capable of containing 125 percent of the capacity of the largest dry cleaning perc tank or vessel associated with the dry cleaning machine.
(b) To determine which standards will apply to a particular dry cleaning facility, first determine whether the facility is new or existing. Then determine whether the facility is a stand-alone or is co-located. If co-located, determine whether it is in a commercial or residential building. Finally, for each piece of equipment there are two primary issues addressed by this Rule – the type of emissions control and the location of any process ventilation emission points. Process ventilation emissions apply only to transfer and dry-to-dry vented equipment, not to door fans, general or other ventilation. In all, there are six different categories for which equipment standards are provided as follows:
1) New stand-alone facilities – Equipment requirements
2) Existing stand-alone facilities – Replacement or addition of equipment
3) Existing stand-alone facilities – Retrofitting of equipment
4) New mixed-use facilities – New equipment
5) Existing mixed-use facilities – Replacement or addition of equipment
6) Existing mixed-use facilities – Retrofitting of equipment
(1) New stand-alone facilities – equipment requirements. The following types of new and/or used equipment are allowed in new stand-alone facilities.
(i) New equipment – Fourth generation.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not Required.
(B) Spill containment – Required as specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
(C) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(D) Primary and secondary control systems, and drying sensor – Required as specified in paragraphs (a)(5) and (6) of this section.
(E) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(ii) New equipment – Third generation. The installation of this type of equipment is prohibited after December 31, 1999.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not Required.
(B) Spill containment – Required as specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
(C) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(D) Primary control system, drying sensor, and door fan – Required as specified in paragraph (a)(3) and (5) of this section.
(E) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(F) An additional option would be to convert to a fourth generation machine with less than or equal to 300 ppm in drum. Under this option a door fan would not be required.
(iii) Used equipment – Third generation.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not Required.
(B) Spill containment – Required as specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
(C) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(D) Primary control system and door fan – Required as specified in paragraphs (a)(3) and (5) of this section.
(E) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm perc at any time.
(F) An additional option would be to convert to a fourth generation machine with less than or equal to 300 ppm perc in the drum. Under this option a door fan would not be required.
(2) Existing stand-alone facilities – replacement or addition of equipment. The equipment standards for new stand-alone facilities must be followed. However, transfer machines may be replaced with upgraded dry-to-dry vented equipment in accordance with the retrofitting requirements.
(3) Existing stand-alone facilities – retrofitting of equipment.
(i) Transfer machines – no retrofitting is allowed. All transfer machines must be removed from service on the following schedule.
(A) If the process ventilation emission point is located above the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies, and if previously retrofitted to meet the less than 100 ppm perc vented emission level (see subparagraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section) and is operating in compliance with that emission level, the equipment must be replaced with third or fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2000.
(B) If the process ventilation emission point is located below the roof or less than 25 feet from any opening in a nearby occupancy, or if process ventilation emissions do not meet the 100 ppm perc emission level, the equipment must be replaced with third or fourth generation equipment immediately upon the effective date of this Rule.
(C) Vapor barrier – not required.
(D) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(ii) Dry-to-dry vented – Second generation.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not required.
(B) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(C) Process ventilation emission point location –
(a) If the process ventilation emission point is above the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies, the relocation of the process ventilation emission point is not required.
(b) If the process ventilation emission point is below the roof or less than 25 feet from any opening in a nearby occupancy, the process ventilation emission point must be changed to be over the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies immediately upon the effective date of this Rule. Alternatively, the equipment may be replaced with third or fourth generation equipment within the same time limit.
(D) Emission controls.
(a) Controlled.
(1) If the machine has been controlled with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber or converted to a closed-loop third generation machine having an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (the water cooled condensing system having been eliminated) and has a door fan, meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section, no additional control is required.
(2) If the machine is equipped with either a full sized carbon adsorber or a refrigerated condenser with a water cooled condensing system, it must be retrofitted with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber (provided EPA publishes a determination that an azeotropic control device is equivalent to a refrigerated condenser), or converted to a closed-loop third generation machine by adding an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (eliminating the water cooled condensing system) and a door fan with a small carbon adsorber by December 31, 1999. Alternatively, the equipment may be replaced with a third generation machine with a door fan by December 31, 1999, or with a fourth generation by January 1, 2001.
(b) Uncontrolled. Equipment must be retrofitted with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber (provided EPA publishes a determination that an azeotropic control device is equivalent to a refrigerated condenser), or converted to closed-loop third generation by adding an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (eliminating the water cooled condensing system) and a door fan with a small carbon adsorber immediately upon the effective date of this Rule. Alternatively, equipment may be replaced with third or fourth generation equipment within the same time limit.
(E) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(iii) Dry-to-dry non-vented. Third generation.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not Required.
(B) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(C) Equipment must be retrofitted with a door fan meeting the requirement of paragraph (a)(3) of this section by no later than May 15, 2001; or,
(D) An additional option would be to convert this type of equipment to a fourth generation machine that achieves a perc concentration of less than or equal to 300 ppm in the drum by no later than May 15, 2001. Under this option a door fan would not be required.
(E) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(iv) Dry-to-dry non-vented. Fourth generation.
(A) Vapor barrier – Not Required.
(B) General exhaust ventilation system – Optional.
(C) Primary and secondary control system and drying sensors must meet requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(5) and (6) of this section. However, for non-major facilities that purchased machines prior to May 15, 1997 the following provision applies: If the owner/manager or operator can demonstrate that the machine is operating in the best possible working condition, no action is required if the measured perc concentration in the drum is less than 500 ppm. If the level exceeds 500 ppm, a door fan that meets the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section must be installed by January 1, 2000.
(D) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(4) New mixed-use facilities – new equipment. Only new dry-to-dry fourth generation equipment is allowed in new mixed-use facilities. No used or retrofitted equipment is allowed.
(i) Vapor barrier and general exhaust ventilation system. Required as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(ii) Spill containment. Required as specified in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
(iii) Primary and secondary control systems and drying sensor. Required as specified in paragraphs (a)(5) and (6) of this section. Note: Any machine not meeting the 300 ppm requirement, and, where the owner/manager or operator can demonstrate that the machine is operating in the best possible working condition must have a door fan installed that meets the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section within six months of an inspection indicating high ppm levels.
(iv) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(5) Existing mixed-use facilities – replacement or addition of equipment. The equipment standards for new mixed-use facilities must be followed.
(6) Existing mixed-use facilities – retrofitting of equipment.
(i) Transfer machines. No emission control retrofitting is allowed. All transfer machines must be removed from service on the following schedule.
(A) If the process ventilation emission point is located above the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies, and if the equipment has been previously retrofitted to comply with the less than 100 ppm perc vented emission level (see subparagraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section) and is operating in compliance with that emission level, the equipment must be removed from service by September 22, 1998.
(B) If the process ventilation emission point is located at or below the roof or is 25 feet or less from all openings in nearby occupancies, or if the equipment has not previously been retrofitted or is not in compliance with the less than 100 ppm perc emission level (see subparagraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section), the equipment must be removed from service immediately upon the effective date of this Rule.
(C) A vapor barrier and general exhaust ventilation system are required immediately upon the effective date of this Rule as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(ii) Dry-to-dry vented. Second generation.
(A) Vapor barrier and general exhaust ventilation system. Required immediately upon the effective date of this Rule as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(B) Process vent emission location.
(a) If the process ventilation emission point is above the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies, the relocation of the process ventilation emission point is not required.
(b) If the process ventilation emission point is at or below the roof or 25 feet or less from any opening in a nearby occupancy, the process ventilation emission point must be changed to be over the roof and more than 25 feet from all openings in nearby occupancies immediately upon the effective date of this Rule. Alternatively, equipment may be replaced with fourth generation equipment within the same time limit.
(C) Emission Controls.
(a) Mixed-use – commercial – uncontrolled. Equipment must be retrofitted with either an azeotropic control device plus a small carbon adsorber (provided EPA publishes a determination that an azeotropic control device is equivalent to a refrigerated condenser), or converted to a closed-loop third generation machine by adding an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (eliminating the water cooled condensing system) and a door fan as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section immediately upon the effective date of this Rule. Alternatively, equipment may be replaced with fourth generation equipment within the same time limit. The retrofit of this equipment is only an interim measure, and all retrofitted equipment of this type must be removed from service by January 1, 2005.
(b) Mixed-use – commercial – controlled.
(1) If the machine has been controlled with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber or converted to a third generation machine having an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (the water cooled condensing system having been eliminated) and has a door fan as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section, no interim retrofitting action is required. This equipment must be removed from service and replaced with fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2005.
(2) If the machine is equipped with either a full-sized carbon adsorber or a refrigerated condenser with a water cooled condensing system, it must be retrofitted with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber (provided EPA publishes a determination that an azeotropic control device is equivalent to a refrigerated condenser), or converted to a third generation machine by adding an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (eliminating the water cooled condensing system) and a door fan as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section by January 1, 2001. Alternatively, equipment may be replaced with fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2001. The retrofit of this equipment is an interim measure only and all retrofitted equipment must be replaced with fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2005.
(c) Mixed-use – residential – uncontrolled. Equipment must be retrofitted with either an azeotropic control device plus small carbon adsorber (provided EPA publishes a determination that an azeotropic control device is equivalent to a refrigerated condenser), or converted to third generation equipment by adding an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (eliminating the water cooled condensing system) and a door fan as specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section immediately upon the effective date of this Rule. Alternatively, the equipment must be replaced with fourth generation equipment within the same time limit. The retrofit of this equipment is only an interim measure and all retrofitted equipment of this type must be removed from service by January 1, 2000.
(d) Mixed-use – residential – controlled.
(1) If the machine has been controlled with either an azeotropic control device plus a small carbon adsorber or has been converted to a third generation machine having an integral or external primary refrigerated condenser (the water cooled system having been eliminated) and has a door fan as specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, no additional retrofitting is required. However, all equipment of this type must be replaced with fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2000.
(2) If the machine is equipped with a full-sized carbon adsorber with a water cooled condensing system, it must be operated in compliance with the 100 ppm standards of the previous version of Part 232 of Title 6 of the Codes, Rules, and Regulations of the State of New York and must be replaced with fourth generation equipment by January 1, 2000.
(D) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(iii) Dry-to-dry non-vented. Third generation.
(A) Vapor barrier and general exhaust ventilation system. Required by no later than November 15, 1998 as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(B) Equipment must be retrofitted with a door fan meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section by no later than May 15, 2001; or,
(C) An additional option is to convert this piece of equipment to a fourth generation machine that achieves a perc concentration of less than or equal to 300 ppm in the machine drum by no later than May 15, 2001. Under this option a door fan would not be required.
(D) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.
(iv) Dry-to-dry non-vented. Fourth generation.
(A) Vapor barrier and general exhaust ventilation system. Required by no later than May 15, 1999 as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(B) Primary and secondary controls and drying sensor. Required as specified in paragraphs (a)(5) and (6) of this section. However, for non-major facilities that purchased machines prior to May 15, 1997 the following provision applies: If the owner/manager or operator can demonstrate that the machine is operating in the best possible working condition, no action is required if the measured perc concentration in the drum is less than 500 ppm. If the level exceeds 500 ppm, a door fan as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section is required.
(C) Fugitive perc emissions from any part of the dry cleaning system must not exceed 50 ppm at any time.