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Article 16: Gas Fired Equipment
The construction and installation of gas burning equipment shall comply with the applicable requirements of article five of this subchapter and reference standards RS 14-2 and RS 14-6. The installation of gas piping shall be in accordance with the provisions of subchapter sixteen of this chapter, and for the installation of chimneys and gas vents, the provisions of subchapter fifteen of this chapter.
Only accepted natural gas-fired barbecues or grilles that employ an open flame for roasting or broiling and that are located in the interior of buildings, or on the exterior of buildings when against any part of an exterior wall, shall be installed. All provisions for the construction and installation of fireplaces set forth in article 19 of this subchapter shall be complied with in the construction and installation of barbecue grilles.
Article 17: Fuel Oil Equipment
For the purpose of this subchapter fuel oil shall mean hydrocarbon oils as classified in reference standards RS 14-3 and RS 14-12 and shall have a flashpoint not lower than one hundred degrees Fahrenheit when tested in accordance with reference standard RS 14-13 and marketed under the following commercial grades: range oil or no. 1 fuel oil; diesel oil or no. 2 fuel oil; no. 4 fuel oil; no. 5 fuel oil; no. 6 fuel oil. Except as provided in section 27-4056 of this title the use of crankcase refuse oil as fuel oil is prohibited. These requirements shall not apply to (1) the use and installation of portable burners not requiring a connection to a flue where such burners are of the type commonly used for household purposes such as oil stoves, oil heaters and oil lamps equipped with a woven wick; (2) portable apparatus such as blow torches, soldering pots, tar heaters, snow melters, etc.; (3) storage tanks for oils used in industrial process such as cracking, distilling, manufacture of gas, or other similar processes. For the requirements governing the storage of such oils see chapter four of this title.
(a) General requirements for fuel oil tanks. All tanks shall be designed and installed in accordance with the provisions for steel work in subchapter ten of this chapter or in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter.
(1) All fuel oil storage tanks shall be built of steel plates or sheets, made by the open hearth or basic oxygen process. Such steel shall be free from physical imperfections, and shall be new, in good condition, and free from rust.
(2) Tanks shall be welded, riveted and caulked, or riveted and welded. Flanges or other pipe connections may be welded. All caulking shall be placed with round nose tools and without damage to the plates. Filler of any kind between plates shall be prohibited.
(3) Tanks to be buried shall be cleaned and then coated on the outside with two coats of red lead, or equivalent. They shall be further protected by a coating of hot tar, asphalt, or equivalent rust resistive material, applied at the work site. Tanks installed inside buildings above ground shall be coated with one coat of red lead, or equivalent.
(4) All buried storage tanks shall be constructed of at least one-quarter inch thick metal and shall be designed to withstand any external loads to which the tank may be subjected.
(5) At the time of installation all storage tanks shall bear a permanently-fixed plate, spot welded or equivalent, bearing the name of the tank manufacturer, the gauge of the material, and capacity of the tank. Shop fabricated storage tanks shall be installed without structural alteration.
(6) All openings shall be through the top of the storage tank, except that storage tanks of two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity or less, located above ground but below the lowest story, may be provided with a three-quarter inch opening for gravity discharge and a one inch opening in the bottom for cleaning and protection against corrosion.
(7) Tanks for no. 1, no. 2, no. 3 and no. 4 commercial grade oils need not have manholes. However, if manholes are used for such oils, the manhole covers shall be bolted and made gastight. Tanks for no. 5 and no. 6 commercial grade oils shall have manhole covers bolted or otherwise secured to the tanks and kept hydrostatically tight at all times.
(8) Tanks outside of buildings shall be electrically grounded in accordance with the requirements for equipment grounding of the electrical code of the city of New York.
(9) Tanks shall be located at least seven feet, measured in the most direct manner, from any source of exposed flame unless protected as provided in paragraph two or three of subdivision (a) of section 27-829 of this article and at least two feet from any surface where the temperature exceeds one hundred sixty-five degrees Fahrenheit.
(b) Construction requirements, cylindrical tanks, except vertical tanks above ground outside of buildings, more than two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity.
(1) The thickness of cylindrical tanks, including oval, elongated oval, or obround tanks of more than two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity shall be subject to the following requirements:
a. Tanks thirty-six inches in diameter and less – at least 1/4 in. shell and 1/4 in. heads.
b. Tanks thirty-seven to seventy-two inches in diameter – at least 1/4 in. shell and 5/16 in. heads.
c. Tanks seventy-three to one hundred twenty inches in diameter – at least 5/16 in. shell and 3/8 in. heads.
d. Tanks over one hundred twenty inches in diameter shall be of at least 3/8 in. steel and shall be stiffened by angle rings or equivalent members so as to retain their cylindrical form.
(2) Dished heads for such tanks shall have a curvature the radius of which is not greater than the diameter of the tank. Dished heads shall be formed with an adequate cylindrical extension rim to provide a welding or riveting surface. If flat heads are used, they shall be braced in the same manner as described for the bracing of flat sides of rectangular tanks.
(3) Riveting in single lap seams shall not exceed a pitch as follows:
a. Shell 1/4 in. thick 5/8 in. diameter rivets, 2 1/4 in. pitch.
b. Shell 5/16 in. thick 5/8 in. diameter rivets, 2 3/8 in. pitch.
c. Shell 3/8 in. thick 3/4 in. in diameter rivets, 2 1/2 in. pitch.
(c) Rectangular tanks, of more than two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity.
(1) Plates for rectangular tanks of more than two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity shall be at least 5/16 in. thick.
(2) Corners may be made up by bending the plates or by using angles.
(3) Minimum rivet diameter in seams shall be 5/8 in., and rivets shall be spaced not more than 2 1/4 in. center-to-center.
(4) All flat surfaces of rectangular tanks shall be braced by structural members or rods.
(5) When structural members are used, the rivet pitch shall not exceed six inches.
(6) All structural members shall be designed in accordance with the requirements of subchapter ten of this chapter.
(7) Connections between bracing members and the sides of the tank shall be designed so that the connection will not fail before the member will fail.
(d) All tanks except vertical tanks above ground, two hundred seventy-five gallon or less capacity.
(1) All oil storage tanks of two hundred seventy-five gallon capacity or less that are not buried shall have a minimum thickness of shell and head plates of no. 10 manufacturer's standard gauge steel plate. Storage tanks of sixty gallon capacity or less shall be similarly constructed but need not be thicker than No. 14 manufacturer's standard gauge.
(e) Vertical storage tanks over one thousand gallon capacity located outside of building above ground.
(1) Vertical tanks located outside of buildings above ground shall be built of steel plates of the quality required for cylindrical tanks.
(2) The minimum thickness of shell or bottom plates shall be one quarter of an inch, and the minimum thickness of roof plates one-eighth of an inch. The thickness of shell plates shall be determined in accordance with the following formula:
t = P × R × F
T × E
T × E
where: t = thickness of shell plate in inches.
P = head pressure at bottom of ring under consideration in psi.
R = radius of shell, in inches.
F = factor of safety (taken as five).
T = tensile strength of plate, in psi as verified by mill test certificate.
E = efficiency of vertical joint in ring under consideration. E shall in no case be taken greater than one.
(3) Roof plates shall have single lap-riveted or welded watertight seams, and the roof shall be built to shed water. Bottom plates shall have single lap riveted or welded seams. Shell plate seams shall be designed to develop the full strength of the plate.
(f) Storage containers of six gallons or less.
(1) Oil storage containers used with burners or oil burning heaters and having a capacity of six gallons or less used in connection with burners or oil-burning heaters shall be designed so as to withstand a hydrostatic pressure test of at least five psi without permanent deformation, rupture, or leakage, and shall be approved.
(2) All storage containers used with burners or oil burning heaters shall be installed with rigid metal fasteners for wall, floor, or stand type installations, and shall be protected against mechanical damage.
(3) Portable containers may be filled by a pump mounted on a storage tank, provided that the pump is approved.
(a) Inside of buildings, above ground, on the lowest floor.
(1) TANK CAPACITY OF FIVE HUNDRED FIFTY GALLONS OR LESS. Storage tanks having a capacity of five hundred fifty gallons or less may be installed above ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided that such tanks are mounted on adequate noncombustible supports, with the tank anchored thereto. No more than five hundred fifty gallons of total storage capacity may be connected to one burner or may be installed without the protection provided in paragraph two or three of this subdivision.
(2) TANK CAPACITY MORE THAN FIVE HUNDRED FIFTY GALLONS BUT LESS THAN ELEVEN HUNDRED GALLONS. Storage tanks having a capacity of more than five hundred fifty gallons but less than eleven hundred gallons may be installed above ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided that all portions of such tanks above the floor are completely enclosed with noncombustible construction having at least a two hour fire resistance rating. Weep holes one inch in diameter shall be provided at least every three feet along the bottom of the enclosure unless at least fifteen inches of clearance, together with access door, is provided between the tank and the enclosure.
(3) TANK CAPACITY ELEVEN HUNDRED GALLONS OR MORE. Storage tanks having a capacity of eleven hundred gallons or more may be installed above ground on the lowest floor of a building, provided that all portions of such tanks above the floor are completely enclosed with noncombustible construction having at least a three hour resistance rating. At least fifteen inches clearance shall be provided over the tanks and on all sides between the tanks and the enclosure. A noncombustible access door, constructed so as to preserve the integrity of the fire resistive enclosure, shall be installed in the enclosure above the point where the capacity of the enclosure below the door sill would be equal to the capacity of the largest tank installed. When the longest inside dimension of the enclosure exceeds thirty-five feet, access doors shall be installed at intervals not exceeding twelve feet. Columns, pipes, or similar obstructions may project into the required fifteen inches of space within the enclosure, provided that access door or doors are so arranged that all portions of the enclosure are accessible for servicing.
(4) MAXIMUM TANK SIZE. The capacity of individual storage tanks in no case shall exceed twenty thousand gallons.
(b) Inside of building above the lowest floor.
(1) Fuel oil storage tanks having a capacity of two hundred seventy-five gallons or less may be installed inside of buildings above the lowest story when provided with a four inch thick concrete or masonry curb, or with a metal pan of gauge equal to the gauge of the tank, completely surrounding the tank and of sufficient height to contain two times the capacity of the tank. The number of such oil storage tanks shall be limited to one per story.
(2) Storage tanks having a capacity of two hundred seventy-five gallons or less, installed above the lowest floor inside a building shall be filled by means of a transfer pump supplied from a primary storage tank located and installed as otherwise required by this subchapter. A separate transfer pump and piping circuit shall be provided for each storage tank installed above the lowest floor. No intermediate pumping stations shall be provided between the storage tank and the transfer pump. Appropriate devices shall be provided for the automatic and manual starting and stopping of the transfer pumps so as to prevent the overflow of oil from these storage tanks.
(3) A float switch shall be provided with the curb or pan around the storage tank and shall be arranged so as to sound an alarm and stop the transfer pump in case of failure of the tank or the control in the tank. The operation of the float switch shall be tested at least once each week. An alarm bell shall be located in the same room with the tank and a visual and audible alarm shall be located in a maintenance office. The enclosing and sealing of switches and wiring shall conform to the requirements of the electrical code of the city of New York for devices located in an atmosphere of flammable vapors.
(c) Inside of buildings, below ground.
(1) Storage tanks having a capacity greater than two hundred seventy-five gallons may be buried inside a building provided that the top of the tank is at least two feet below floor level. In lieu of two feet of earth over the tank, the tank may be covered by concrete flooring having the same thickness as the basement floor, but not less than four inch concrete meeting the requirement of subchapter ten of this chapter and reinforced with two inch by two inch mesh of at least no. 20 U.S. standard gauge steel wire. Tanks shall be placed in firm soil and shall be surrounded by clean sand or well-tamped earth, free from ashes and other corrosive substances, and free from stones that will not pass through a one inch mesh. When necessary to prevent floating, tanks shall be securely anchored.
(2) No tank shall be buried within three feet of any foundation wall or footing.
(d) Outside of building, below ground.
(1) Storage tanks located outside of buildings and below ground shall be buried with the top of the tank at least two feet below ground. Tanks shall be placed in firm soil and shall be surrounded by clean sand or well-tamped earth, free from ashes or other corrosive substance, and free from stones that will not pass through a one inch mesh. When necessary to prevent floating, tanks shall be securely anchored.
(2) No tank shall be buried within three feet of any foundation wall or footing.
(e) Outside of buildings, above ground.
(1) Storage tanks of a capacity greater than two hundred seventy-five gallons located outside of buildings above ground shall be not less than one and one-quarter (1 1/4) tank diameters and in no case less than ten feet from the line of adjoining property, the nearest building or adjacent tank. The minimum clearance between individual tanks located outside of buildings above ground and the line of adjoining property which may be built upon shall be fixed by the following formula:
M.C. = 10 + 4 (G - 275)
5000
5000
where: M.C. = minimum clearance from nearest surface of tank to adjoining property, in feet.
M.G = capacity of tank, in gallons.
The maximum allowable capacity of fuel oil storage tanks located outside of buildings above ground shall be one hundred thousand gallons.
(2) Tanks shall be located so as not to obstruct or interfere with any means of egress.
(3) Each storage tank shall be protected by an embankment or dike. Such protection shall have a capacity at least one and one-half times the capacity of the tank so surrounded and shall be at least four feet high, but in no case shall the protection be higher than one-quarter the height of the tank when the height of the tank exceeds sixteen feet. Embankments or dikes shall be made of earth work with clay core, of masonry, of reinforced concrete or of steel. Earth work embankments shall be firmly and compactly built of good earth free from stones, vegetable matter, etc., and shall have a flat section of at least three feet at the top and a slope of at least one and one-half to two on all sides. Concrete, masonry or steel dikes shall be designed so as to conform safely all of the oil in the tank so surrounded. Embankments or dikes shall be continuous and unpierced, and the outside toe shall be located at least five feet inside of the property line, and no less than five feet from a driveway or parking area.
(f) Tanks located along line of subways.
(1) No buried tank shall be placed within twenty feet of the outside line of a subway wall. Where an above ground tank within a building is located within the outer lines of the subway, or within twenty feet of the outside line of the subway wall, such tank shall be placed within a welded steel oiltight pan of not less than no. 18 manufacturer's standard gauge metal suitably reinforced and of capacity to contain the contents of the tank.
(2) For the purpose of the foregoing requirement, a subway shall be deemed to include any subsurface railroad or rapid transit roadbed.
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