714.4 Horizontal assemblies.

Penetrations of a fire-resistance-rated floor, floor/ceiling assembly or the ceiling membrane of a roof/ceiling assembly not required to be enclosed in a shaft by Section 711.1 shall be protected in accordance with Sections 714.4.1 through 714.4.2.2.

714.4.1 Through-penetrations.

Through-penetrations of horizontal assemblies shall comply with Section 714.4.1.1 or 714.4.1.2.

   Exceptions:

      1.   Penetrations by steel, ferrous or copper conduits, pipes, tubes or vents or concrete or masonry items through a single fire-resistance-rated floor assembly where the annular space is protected with materials that prevent the passage of flame and hot gases sufficient to ignite cotton waste where subjected to ASTM E 119 or UL 263 time-temperature fire conditions under a minimum positive pressure differential of 0.01 inch (2.49 Pa) of water at the location of the penetration for the time period equivalent to the fire-resistance rating of the construction penetrated. Penetrating items with a maximum 6-inch (152.4 mm) nominal diameter shall not be limited to the penetration of a single fire-resistance-rated floor assembly provided the aggregate area of the penetrations does not exceed 144 square inches (92 903 mm 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of floor area.

      2.   Penetrations in a single concrete floor by steel, ferrous or copper conduits, pipes, tubes or vents with a maximum 6-inch (152.4 mm) nominal diameter, provided that the concrete, grout or mortar is installed the full thickness of the floor or the thickness required to maintain the fire-resistance rating. The penetrating items shall not be limited to the penetration of a single concrete floor, provided the area of the opening through each floor does not exceed 144 square inches (92 903 mm 2 ).

      3.   Penetrations by listed electrical boxes of any material, provided that such boxes have been tested for use in fire-resistance-rated assemblies and installed in accordance with the instructions included in the listing.

714.4.1.1 Installation.

Through-penetrations shall be installed as tested in the approved fire-resistance-rated assembly.

714.4.1.2 Through-penetration firestop system.

Through-penetrations shall be protected by an approved through-penetration firestop system installed and tested in accordance with ASTM E 814 or UL 1479, with a minimum positive pressure differential of 0.01 inch (2.49 Pa) of water. The system shall have both an F rating (flame) and a T rating (temperature) of not less than 1 hour but not less than the required rating of the floor penetrated.

   Exceptions:

      1.   Floor penetrations contained and located within the cavity of a wall do not require a T rating.

      2.   Floor penetrations by floor drains, tub drains or shower drains contained and located within the concealed space of a horizontal assembly do not require a T rating.

      3.   Floor penetrations of maximum 4-inch (101.6 mm) nominal diameter penetrating directly into metal-enclosed electrical power switchgear do not require a T rating.

714.4.2 Membrane penetrations.

Penetrations of membranes that are part of a horizontal assembly shall comply with Section 714.4.1.1 or 714.4.1.2. Where floor/ceiling assemblies are required to have a fire-resistance rating, recessed fixtures shall be installed such that the required fire resistance will not be reduced.

   Exceptions:

      1.   Membrane penetrations by steel, ferrous or copper conduits, pipes, tubes or vents, or concrete or masonry items where the annular space is protected either in accordance with Section 714.4.1 or to prevent the free passage of flame and the products of combustion.The aggregate area of the openings through the membrane shall not exceed 100 square inches (64 516 mm 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of ceiling area in assemblies tested without penetrations.

      2.   Ceiling membrane penetrations of maximum 2-hour horizontal assemblies by steel electrical boxes that do not exceed 16 square inches (10 323 mm 2 ) in area, provided the aggregate area of such penetrations does not exceed 100 square inches (64 516 mm 2 ) in any 100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of ceiling area, and the annular space between the ceiling membrane and the box does not exceed 1/8 inch (3.2 mm).

      3.   Membrane penetrations by electrical boxes of any size or type that have been listed as part of an opening protective material system for use in horizontal assemblies and are installed in accordance with the instructions included in the listing.

      4.   Membrane penetrations by listed electrical boxes of any material, provided such boxes have been tested for use in fire-resistance-rated assemblies and are installed in accordance with the instructions included in the listing. The annular space between the ceiling membrane and the box shall not exceed 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) unless listed otherwise.

      5.   The annular space created by the penetration of a fire sprinkler, provided it is covered by a metal escutcheon plate.

      6.   Noncombustible items that are cast into concrete building elements and that do not penetrate both top and bottom surfaces of the element, provided such items are installed such that the required fire resistance will not be reduced.

      7.   The ceiling membrane of 1- and 2-hour fire-resistance-rated horizontal assemblies is permitted to be interrupted with the double wood top plate of a wall assembly that is sheathed with Type X gypsum wallboard, provided that all penetrating items through the double top plates are protected in accordance with Section 714.4.1.1 or 714.4.1.2 and the ceiling membrane is tight to the top plates.

714.4.3 Penetrations in smoke barriers.

Penetrations in smoke barriers shall be protected by an approved through-penetration firestop system installed and tested in accordance with the requirements of UL 1479 for air leakage. The L rating of the system measured at 0.30 inch (7.47 Pa) of water in both the ambient temperature and elevated temperature tests shall not exceed:

   1.   5.0 cfm per square foot (0.025 m 3 /s · m 2 ) of penetration opening for each through-penetration firestop system; or

   2.   A total cumulative leakage of 50 cfm (0.024 m 3 /s) for any 100 square feet (9.3 m 2 ) of wall area, or floor area.