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Willowick Overview
Codified Ordinances of Willowick, OH
CODIFIED ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF WILLOWICK, OHIO
COMPARATIVE SECTION TABLE
TABLE OF SPECIAL ORDINANCES
CHARTER
PART ONE - ADMINISTRATIVE CODE
PART THREE - TRAFFIC CODE
PART FIVE - GENERAL OFFENSES CODE
PART SEVEN - BUSINESS REGULATION CODE
PART NINE - STREETS, UTILITIES AND PUBLIC SERVICES CODE
PART ELEVEN - PLANNING AND ZONING CODE
PART THIRTEEN - BUILDING CODE
PART FIFTEEN - FIRE PREVENTION CODE
CHAPTER 1179
Comprehensive Stormwater Management
1179.01   Purpose and scope.
1179.02   Definitions.
1179.03   Disclaimer of liability.
1179.04   Conflicts, severability, nuisances and responsibility.
1179.05   Development of comprehensive stormwater management plans.
1179.06   Application procedures.
1179.07   Compliance with State and Federal regulations.
1179.08   Comprehensive stormwater management plans.
1179.09   Performance standards.
1179.10   Alternative actions.
1179.11   Easements.
1179.12   Maintenance and final inspection approval.
1179.13   On-going inspections.
1179.14   Fees.
1179.15   Bond.
1179.16   Installation of water quality stormwater control measures.
1179.17   Violations.
1179.18   Appeals.
1179.99   Penalty.
   CROSS REFERENCES
   Barricades and warning lights; abandoned excavations - see GEN. OFF. 521.03
   Obstructing or diverting watercourses or sewers - see GEN. OFF. 521.05
   Duty to keep sidewalks, drains and ditches clean - see GEN. OFF. 521.06
   Excavations in public property - see S.U. & P.S. Ch. 901
   Sewer generally - see S.U. & P.S. Ch. 921
   Drainage plans - see BLDG. 1359.07
1179.01 PURPOSE AND SCOPE.
   (a)   The purpose of this chapter and its regulation is to establish technically feasible and economically reasonable stormwater management standards to achieve a level of stormwater quality and quantity control that will minimize damage to property and degradation of water resources and will promote and maintain the health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of the City of Willowick.
   (b)   This regulation requires owners who develop or re-develop their property within the City to:
      (1)   Control stormwater runoff from their property and ensure that all stormwater control measures (SCMs) are properly designed, constructed, and maintained.
      (2)   Reduce water quality impacts to receiving water resources that may be caused by new development or redevelopment activities.
      (3)   Control the volume, rate, and quality of stormwater runoff originating from their property so that surface water and groundwater are protected and flooding and erosion potential are not increased.
      (4)   Minimize the need to construct, repair, and replace subsurface storm drain systems.
      (5)   Preserve natural infiltration and ground water recharge, and maintain subsurface flow that replenishes water resources, except in slippage prone soils.
      (6)   Incorporate stormwater quality and quantity controls into site planning and design at the earliest possible stage in the development process.
      (7)   Reduce the expense of remedial projects needed to address problems caused by inadequate stormwater management.
      (8)   Maximize use of SCMs that serve multiple purposes including, but not limited to, flood control, erosion control, fire protection, water quality protection, recreation, and habitat preservation.
      (9)   Design sites to minimize the number of stream crossings and the width of associated disturbance in order to minimize the City’s future expenses related to the maintenance and repair of stream crossings.
      (10)   Maintain, promote, and re-establish conditions necessary for naturally occurring stream processes that assimilate pollutants, attenuate flood flows, and provide a healthy water resource.
   (c)   This regulation shall apply to all parcels used or being developed, either wholly or partially, for new or relocated projects involving highways and roads; subdivisions or larger common plans of development; industrial, commercial, institutional, or residential projects; building activities on farms; redevelopment activities; grading; and all other uses that are not specifically exempted in this section.
   (d)   Public entities, including the State of Ohio, Lake County, and the City of Willowick shall comply with this regulation for roadway projects initiated after March 10, 2006 and, to the maximum extent practicable, for projects initiated before that time.
   (e)   This regulation does not apply to activities regulated by, and in compliance with, the Ohio Agricultural Sediment Pollution Abatement Rules.
   (f)   This regulation does not require a Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan for linear construction projects, such as pipeline or utility line installation, that do not result in the installation of impervious surface as determined by the City Engineer. Such projects must be designed to minimize the number of stream crossings and the width of disturbance. Linear construction projects must comply with the requirements of Chapter 1180 Erosion and Sediment Control.
(Ord. 2016-64. Passed 12-20-16.)
1179.02 DEFINITIONS.
   For the purpose of this chapter and its regulation, the following terms shall have the meaning herein indicated:
   (a)   “Acre.” A measurement of area equaling 43,560 square feet.
   (b)   “As-built survey.” A survey shown on a plan or drawing prepared by a registered professional surveyor indicating the actual dimensions, elevations, and locations of any structures, underground utilities, swales, detention facilities, and sewage treatment facilities after construction has been completed.
   (c)   “Best management practices (BMPs) and/or stormwater control measure (SCMs).” Schedule of activities, prohibitions of practices, operation and maintenance procedures, treatment requirements, and other management practices (both structural and non-structural) to prevent or reduce the pollution of water resources and to control stormwater volume and rate. This includes practices to control runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. For guidance, please see U.S. EPA's National Menu of BMPs at http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/index.cfm.
   (d)   “Clean Water Act.” Pub. L. 92-500, as amended Pub. L. 95-217, Pub. L. 95-576, Pub. L. 96-483, Pub. L. 97-117, and Pub. L. 100-4, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq. Referred to as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act or the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
   (e)   “Community.” The City of Willowick, its designated representatives, boards, or commissions.
   (f)   “Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan.” The written document and plans meeting the requirements of this regulation that sets forth the plans and practices to minimize stormwater runoff from a development area, to safely convey or temporarily store and release post-development runoff at an allowable rate to minimize flooding and stream bank erosion, and to protect or improve stormwater quality and stream channels.
   (g)   “Critical storm.” A storm that is determined by calculating the percentage increase in volume of runoff by a proposed development area for the 1-year, 24-hour event. The critical storm is used to calculate the maximum allowable stormwater discharge rate from a developed site.
   (h)   “Development area.” A parcel or contiguous parcels owned by one person or persons, or operated as one development unit, and used or being developed for commercial, industrial, residential, institutional, or other construction or alteration that changes runoff characteristics.
   (i)   “Development drainage area.” A combination of each hydraulically unique watershed with individual outlet points on the development area.
   (j)   “Disturbed area.” An area of land subject to erosion due to the removal of vegetative cover and/or soil disturbing activities.
   (k)   “Drainage.” The removal of excess surface water or groundwater from land by surface or subsurface drains.
   (l)   “Erosion.” The process by which the land surface is worn away by the action of wind, water, ice, gravity, or any combination of those forces.
   (m)   “Extended detention facility.” A stormwater control measure that replaces and/or enhances traditional detention facilities by releasing the runoff collected during the stormwater quality event over at least twenty-four to forty-eight hours, retarding flow and allowing pollutants to settle within the facility.
   (n)   “Final stabilization.” All soil disturbing activities at the site have been completed and a uniform perennial vegetative cover with a density of at least eighty percent coverage for the area has been established or equivalent stabilization practices, such as the use of mulches or geotextiles, have been employed.
   (o)   “Grading.” The process in which the topography of the land is altered to a new slope.
   (p)   “Green infrastructure.” Wet weather management approaches and technologies that utilize, enhance or mimic the natural hydrologic cycle processes of infiltration, evapotranspiration and reuse.
   (q)   “Hydrologic Unit Code.” A cataloging system developed by the United States Geological Survey and the Natural Resource Conservation Service to identify watersheds in the United States.
   (r)   “Impervious cover.” Any surface that cannot effectively absorb or infiltrate water. This may include roads, streets, parking lots, rooftops, sidewalks, and other areas not covered by vegetation.
   (s)   “Infiltration control measure.” A stormwater control measure that does not discharge to a water resource during the stormwater quality event, requiring collected runoff to either infiltrate into the groundwater and/or be consumed by evapotranspiration, thereby retaining stormwater pollutants in the facility.
   (t)   “Larger common plan of development.” A contiguous area where multiple separate and distinct construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules under one plan.
   (u)   “Low impact development.” Low impact development (LID) is a site design approach, which seeks to integrate hydrologically functional design with pollution prevention measures to compensate for land development impacts on hydrology and water quality. LID's goal is to mimic natural hydrology and processes by using small-scale, decentralized practices that infiltrate, evaporate, detain, and transpire stormwater. LID stormwater control measures (SCMs) are uniformly and strategically located throughout the site.
   (v)   “Maximum extent practicable.” The level of pollutant reduction that operators of small municipal separate storm sewer systems regulated under 40 C.F.R. Parts 9, 122, 123, and 124, referred to as NPDES Stormwater Phase II, must meet.
   (w)   “Municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4).” A conveyance or system of conveyances (including roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, man-made channels, or storm drains) that are:
      (1)   Owned or operated by the Federal government, State, municipality, township, county, district, or other public body (created by or pursuant to State or Federal law) including a special district under State law such as a sewer district, flood control district or drainage districts, or similar entity, or a designated and approved management agency under section 208 of the Clean Water Act that discharges into water resources;
      (2)   Designed or used for collecting or conveying solely stormwater;
      (3)   Which is not a combined sewer; and
      (4)   Which is not a part of a publicly owned treatment works.
   (x)   “National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).” A regulatory program in the Federal Clean Water Act that prohibits the discharge of pollutants into surface waters of the United States without a permit.
   (y)   “Nonstructural stormwater control measure (SCM).” Any technique that uses natural processes and features to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to water resources and control stormwater volume and rate.
   (z)   “Post-development.” The conditions that exist following the completion of soil disturbing activity in terms of topography, vegetation, land use, and the rate, volume, quality, or direction of stormwater runoff.
   (aa)   “Pre-construction meeting.” Meeting prior to construction between all parties associated with the construction of the project including government agencies, contractors and owners to review agency requirements and plans as submitted and approved.
   (bb)   “Pre-development.” The conditions that exist prior to the initiation of soil disturbing activity in terms of topography, vegetation, land use, and the rate, volume, quality, or direction of stormwater runoff.
   (cc)   “Professional engineer.” A professional engineer registered in the State of Ohio with specific education and experience in water resources engineering, acting in conformance with the Code of Ethics of the Ohio State Board of Registration for Engineers and Surveyors.
   (dd)   “Redevelopment.” A construction project on land that has been previously developed and where the new land use will not increase the runoff coefficient used to calculate the water quality volume. If the new land use will increase the runoff coefficient, then the project is considered to be a new development project rather than a redevelopment project.
   (ee)   “Riparian area.” Land adjacent to any brook, creek, river, or stream having a defined bed and bank that, if appropriately sized, helps to stabilize streambanks, limit erosion, reduce flood size flows, and/or filter and settle out runoff pollutants, or performs other functions consistent with the purposes of this regulation.
   (ff)   “Riparian and wetland setback.” The real property adjacent to a water resource on which soil disturbing activities are limited, all as defined by the City Codified Ordinances.
   (gg)   “Runoff.” The portion of rainfall, melted snow, or irrigation water that flows across the ground surface and is eventually returned to water resources.
   (hh)   “Sediment.” The soils or other surface materials that can be transported or deposited by the action of wind, water, ice, or gravity as a product of erosion.
   (ii)   “Sedimentation.” The deposition of sediment in water resources.
   (jj)   “Site owner/operator.” Any individual, corporation, firm, trust, commission, board, public or private partnership, joint venture, agency, unincorporated association, municipal corporation, county or state agency, the Federal government, other legal entity, or an agent thereof that is responsible for the overall construction site.
   (kk)   “Soil disturbing activity.” Clearing, grading, excavating, filling, or other alteration of the earth's surface where natural or human made ground cover is destroyed that may result in, or contribute to, increased stormwater quantity and/or decreased stormwater quality.
   (ll)   “Stabilization.” The use of best management practices or stormwater control measures that reduce or prevent soil erosion by stormwater runoff, trench dewatering, wind, ice, gravity, or a combination thereof.
   (mm)   “Stormwater or storm water.” Defined at 40 CFR 122.26(b)(13) and means stormwater runoff, snow melt runoff and surface runoff and drainage.
   (nn)   “Stormwater control measure (SCM) and/or best management practice (BMP).” Schedule of activities, prohibitions of practices, operation and maintenance procedures, treatment requirements, and other management practices (both structural and non-structural) to prevent or reduce the pollution of water resources and to control stormwater volume and rate. This includes practices to control runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. For guidance, please see U.S. EPA's National Menu of BMPs at http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/swbmp/index.cfm.
   (oo)   “Structural storm water management practice or stormwater control measure (SCM).” Any constructed facility, structure, or device that prevents or reduces the discharge of pollutants to water resources and controls stormwater volume and rate.
   (pp)   “Surface water of the State also water resource.” Any stream, lake, reservoir, pond, marsh, wetland, or other waterway situated wholly or partly within the boundaries of the State, except those private waters which do not combine or affect a junction with surface water. Waters defined as sewerage systems, treatment works or disposal systems in Ohio R.C. 6111.01 are not included.
   (qq)   “Total maximum daily load (TMDL).” The sum of the existing and/or projected point source, nonpoint source, and background loads for a pollutant to a specified watershed, water body, or water body segment. A TMDL sets and allocates the maximum amount of a pollutant that may be introduced into the water and still ensure attainment and maintenance of water quality standards.
   (rr)   “Water quality volume (WQv).” The volume of stormwater runoff which must be captured and treated prior to discharge from the developed site after construction is complete. WQv is based on the expected runoff generated by the mean storm precipitation volume from post-construction site conditions at which rapidly diminishing returns in the number of runoff events captured begins to occur.
   (ss)   “Water resource also surface water of the State.” Any stream, lake, reservoir, pond, marsh, wetland, or waterway situated wholly or partly within the boundaries of the State, except those private waters which do not combine or affect a junction with surface water. Waters defined as sewerage systems, treatment works or disposal systems in Ohio R.C. 6111.01 are not included.
   (tt)   “Water resource crossing.” Any bridge, box, arch, culvert, truss, or other type of structure intended to convey people, animals, vehicles, or materials from one side of a watercourse to another. This does not include private, non-commercial footbridges or pole mounted aerial electric or telecommunication lines, nor does it include below grade utility lines.
   (uu)   “Watershed.” The total drainage area contributing stormwater runoff to a single point.
   (vv)   “Wetland.” Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, including swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas (40 CFR 232, as amended).
(Ord. 2016-64. Passed 12-20-16.)
1179.03 DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY.
   (a)   Compliance with the provisions of this regulation shall not relieve any person from responsibility for damage to any person otherwise imposed by law. The provisions of this regulation are promulgated to promote the health, safety, and welfare of the public and are not designed for the benefit of any individual or any particular parcel of property.
   (b)   By approving a Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan under this regulation, the City does not accept responsibility for the design, installation, and operation and maintenance of SCMs.
(Ord. 2016-64. Passed 12-20-16.)
1179.04 CONFLICTS, SEVERABILITY, NUISANCES AND RESPONSIBILITY.
   (a)   Where this regulation is in conflict with other provisions of law or ordinance, the most restrictive provisions, as determined by the City Engineer, shall prevail.
   (b)   If any clause, section, or provision of this regulation is declared invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, the validity of the remainder shall not be affected thereby.
   (c)   This regulation shall not be construed as authorizing any person to maintain a nuisance on their property, and compliance with the provisions of this regulation shall not be a defense in any action to abate such a nuisance.
   (d)   Failure of the City to observe or recognize hazardous or unsightly conditions or to recommend corrective measures shall not relieve the site owner from the responsibility for the condition or damage resulting therefrom, and shall not result in the City, its officers, employees, or agents being responsible for any condition or damage resulting therefrom.
(Ord. 2016-64. Passed 12-20-16.)
1179.05 DEVELOPMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLANS
   (a)   This regulation requires that a Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan be developed and implemented for all soil disturbing activities disturbing one or more acres of total land, or less than one acre if part of a larger common plan of development or sale disturbing one or more acres of total land, and on which any regulated activity of Section 1179.01(c) is proposed. The City Engineer may require a comprehensive stormwater management plan on sites disturbing less than one acre.
   (b)   The City shall administer this regulation, shall be responsible for determination of compliance with this regulation, and shall issue notices and orders as may be necessary. The City may consult with the Lake County Soil and Water Conservation District, State agencies, private engineers, stormwater districts, or other technical experts in reviewing the Comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan.
(Ord. 2016-64. Passed 12-20-16.)
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