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CERTIFICATION
ADOPTING ORDINANCE
EDITOR'S NOTE
COMPARATIVE SECTION TABLE
CHARTER OF THE CITY OF TOLEDO, OHIO
PART ONE - ADMINISTRATIVE CODE
PART THREE - TRAFFIC CODE
PART FIVE - GENERAL OFFENSES CODE
CHAPTER 501 General Provisions and Penalty
CHAPTER 505 Animals and Fowl
CHAPTER 507 Anti-Noise Law
CHAPTER 509 Disorderly Conduct and Peace Disturbance
CHAPTER 511 Alarm Systems
CHAPTER 513 Drug Abuse Control
CHAPTER 515 Family Offenses
CHAPTER 517 Gambling
CHAPTER 521 Health, Safety and Sanitation
CHAPTER 525 Law Enforcement and Public Office
CHAPTER 529 Liquor Control
CHAPTER 533 Obscenity and Sex Offenses
CHAPTER 537 Offenses Against Persons
CHAPTER 541 Property Offenses
CHAPTER 543 Securities
CHAPTER 545 Theft and Fraud
CHAPTER 549 Weapons and Explosives
CHAPTER 553 Railroads
CHAPTER 554 Employment, Real Estate Discrimination
CHAPTER 555 Hate Crime
CHAPTER 556 Closed Captioning
PART SEVEN - BUSINESS REGULATION CODE
PART NINE - STREETS, UTILITIES AND PUBLIC SERVICES CODE
PART ELEVEN - PLANNING AND ZONING CODE
PART TWELVE - DEVELOPMENT CODE
PART THIRTEEN - BUILDING CODE
PART FIFTEEN - FIRE PREVENTION CODE
PART SEVENTEEN - HEALTH CODE
PART NINETEEN - TAXATION CODE
PART TWENTY-ONE - PERSONNEL RELATIONS AND MUNICIPAL EMPLOYMENT
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525.02. Falsification.
   (a)   No person shall knowingly make a false statement, or knowingly swear or affirm the truth of a false statement previously made, when any of the following apply:
      (1)   The statement is made in any official proceeding.
      (2)   The statement is made with purpose to incriminate another.
      (3)   The statement is made with purpose to mislead a public official in performing his official function.
      (4)   The statement is made with purpose to secure the payment of workers' compensation, unemployment compensation, Ohio works first; prevention, retention, and contingency benefits and services; disability financial assistance; retirement benefits; economic development assistance as defined in section 9.66 of the Revised Code or other benefits administered by a governmental agency or paid out of a public treasury.
      (5)   The statement is made with purpose to secure the issuance by a governmental agency of a license, permit, authorization, certificate, registration or release.
      (6)   The statement is sworn or affirmed before a notary public or other person empowered to administer oaths.
      (7)   The statement is in writing on or in connection with a report or return which is required or authorized by law.
      (8)   The statement is in writing, and is made with purpose to induce another to extend credit or to employ the offender, or to confer any degree, diploma, certificate of attainment, award of excellence or honor on the offender, or to extend to or bestow upon the offender any other valuable benefit or distinction, when the person to whom such statement is directed relies upon it to his detriment.
      (9)   The statement is made with purpose to commit or facilitate the commission of a theft offense.
      (10)   The statement is made on an account, form, record, stamp, label, or other writing that is required by law.
      (11)   The statement is made in a document or instrument of writing that purports to be a judgment, lien, or claim of indebtedness and is filed or recorded with the secretary of state, a county recorder, or the clerk of a court of record.
   (b)   It is no defense to a charge under subsection (a)(4) hereof that the oath or affirmation was administered or taken in an irregular manner.
   (c)   If contradictory statements relating to the same fact are made by the offender within the period of the statute of limitations for falsification, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove which statement was false, but only that one or the other was false.
   (d)   Whoever violates any provision of subsection (a)(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) and (10) hereof is guilty of falsification, a misdemeanor of the first degree. Whoever violates subsection (a)(9) hereof is guilty of falsification to commit a theft offense, a misdemeanor of the first degree if any amount of the claim is less than one thousand dollars ($1,000.00).
(ORC 2921.13; Ord. 519-11. Passed 11-15-11.)
525.03. Impersonation of peace officer or private policeman.
   (a)   As used in this section:
      (1)   "Peace officer" means a sheriff, deputy sheriff, marshal, deputy marshal, member of the organized police department of a municipal corporation or township constable who is employed by a political subdivision of this State, a State university law enforcement officer appointed under Ohio R.C. 3345.04 or a State highway patrolman and whose primary duties are to preserve the peace, to protect life and property and to enforce the laws, ordinances or regulations of the State or any of its political subdivisions.
      (2)   "Private policeman" means any security guard, special policeman, private detective or other person who is privately employed in a police capacity.
      (3)   "Impersonate" means to act the part of, assume the identity of, wear the uniform or any part of the uniform of or display the identification of a particular person or of a member of a class of persons with purpose to make another person believe that the actor is that particular person or is a member of that class of persons.
   (b)   No person shall impersonate a peace officer or a private policeman.
   (c)   No person, by impersonating a peace officer or a private policeman, shall arrest or detain any person, search any person or search the property of any person.
   (d)   No person, with purpose to commit or facilitate the commission of an offense, shall impersonate a peace officer, a private policeman or an officer, agent or employee of the State or the Municipality.
   (e)   It is an affirmative defense to a charge under subsection (b) hereof that the impersonation of the peace officer was for a lawful purpose.
   (f)   Whoever violates subsection (b) hereof is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. Whoever violates subsections (c) or (d) hereof is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, provided that the purpose of a violation of subsection (d) hereof is not to commit or facilitate the commission of a felony.
(ORC 2921.51)
525.04. Compounding a crime.
   (a)   No person shall knowingly demand, accept or agree to accept anything of value in consideration of abandoning or agreeing to abandon a pending criminal prosecution.
   (b)   It is an affirmative defense to a charge under this section when both of the following apply:
      (1)   The pending prosecution involved is for violation of Sections 545.05, 545.09 or 545.10(b)(2), or Ohio R.C. 2913.02, 2913.11 or 2913.21(B)(2), of which the actor under this section was the victim.
      (2)   The thing of value demanded, accepted or agreed to be accepted, in consideration of abandoning or agreeing to abandon the prosecution, did not exceed an amount which the actor reasonably believed due him as restitution for the loss caused him by the offense.
   (c)   When a prosecuting witness abandons or agrees to abandon a prosecution under subsection (b) hereof, such abandonment or agreement in no way binds the State or Municipality to abandoning the prosecution.
   (d)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of compounding a crime, a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(ORC 2921.21)
525.05. Failure to report a crime or knowledge of death.
   (a)   No person, knowing that a felony has been or is being committed, shall knowingly fail to report such information to law enforcement authorities.
   (b)   No physician, limited practitioner, nurse or person giving aid to a sick or injured person, shall negligently fail to report to law enforcement authorities any gunshot or stab wound treated or observed by him, any serious physical harm to persons that he knows or has reasonable cause to believe resulted from an offense of violence, any second or third degree burn that was inflicted by an explosion or other incendiary device, or any burn that shows evidence of having been inflicted in a violent, malicious or criminal manner.
   (c)   No person who discovers the body or acquires the first knowledge of the death of any person shall fail to report the death immediately to any physician whom the person knows to be treating the deceased for a condition from which death at such time would not be unexpected, or to a law enforcement officer, ambulance service, emergency squad or the County Coroner in the county in which the body is discovered, the death is believed to have occurred or knowledge concerning the death is obtained.
   (d)   No person shall fail to provide upon request of the person to whom he has made a report required by subsection (c) hereof, or to any law enforcement officer who has reasonable cause to assert the authority to investigate the circumstances surrounding the death, any facts within his knowledge that may have a bearing on the investigation of the death.
   (e)   Subsection (a) or (d) hereof does not require disclosure of information, when any of the following applies:
      (1)   The information is privileged by reason of the relationship between attorney and client, doctor and patient, licensed psychologist or licensed school psychologist and client, clergyman or rabbi or minister or priest and any person communicating information confidentially to him for a religious counseling purpose in his professional character, or husband and wife.
      (2)   The information would tend to incriminate a member of the actor's immediate family.
      (3)   Disclosure of the information would amount to revealing a news source privileged under Ohio R.C. 2739.04 or 2739.12.
      (4)   Disclosure of the information would amount to disclosure of any ordained clergyman of an organized religious body of confidential communication made to him in his capacity as such by a person seeking his aid or counsel.
      (5)   Disclosure would amount to revealing information acquired by the actor in the course of his duties in connection with a bona fide program of treatment or services for drug dependence, which program is maintained or conducted by a hospital, clinic, person, agency or organization registered pursuant to Ohio R.C. 5122.51.
      (6)   Disclosure would amount to revealing information acquired by the actor in the course of his duties in connection with a bona fide program for providing counseling services to victims of crimes that are violations of Ohio R.C. 2907.02, 2907.05 or 2907.12. As used in this section, "counseling services" includes services provided in an informal setting by a person who, by education or experience, is competent to provide such services.
   (f)   No disclosure of information pursuant to this section gives rise to any liability or recrimination for a breach of privilege or confidence.
   (g)   Whoever violates subsection (a) or (b) hereof is guilty of failure to report a crime. Violation of subsection (a) hereof is a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. Violation of subsection (b) hereof is a misdemeanor of the second degree.
   (h)   Whoever violates subsection (c) or (d) hereof is guilty of failure to report knowledge of a death, a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.
(ORC 2921.22; Ord. 485-83, Passed 5-24-83.)
525.06. Failure to aid a law enforcement officer.
   (a)   No person shall negligently fail or refuse to aid a law enforcement officer, when called upon for assistance in preventing or halting the commission of an offense, or in apprehending or detaining an offender, when such aid can be given without a substantial risk of physical harm to the person giving it.
   (b)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of failure to aid a law enforcement officer, a minor misdemeanor.
(ORC 2921.23)
525.07. Obstructing official business.
   (a)   No person, without privilege to do so and with purpose to prevent, obstruct or delay the performance by a public official of any authorized act within his official capacity, shall do any act which hampers or impedes a public official in the performance of his lawful duties.
   (b)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of obstructing official business, a misdemeanor of the second degree.
(ORC 2921.31)
525.08. Obstructing justice.
   (a)   No person, with purpose to hinder the discovery, apprehension, prosecution, conviction or punishment of another for a misdemeanor, or to assist another to benefit from the commission of a misdemeanor, shall do any of the following:
      (1)   Harbor or conceal such other person;
      (2)   Provide such other person with money, transportation, a weapon, a disguise or other means of avoiding discovery or apprehension;
      (3)   Warn such other person of impending discovery or apprehension;
      (4)   Destroy or conceal physical evidence of the misdemeanor, or induce any person to withhold testimony or information or to elude legal process summoning him to testify or supply evidence;
      (5)   Communicate false information to any person.
   (b)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of obstructing justice, a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(ORC 2921.32)
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