For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms are defined.
ACCESS or ACCESS CONNECTION. Any driveway or other point of entry and/or exit such as a street, road or thoroughfare, that connects to the general street system. Where two public roadways intersect, the secondary roadway shall be considered the access.
ACCESS CONTROL. The regulation of the number, type and frequency of access points along a given roadway, and the design standards to which they should conform.
ACCESS LEVEL. A numerical designation which defines the magnitude of access control.
ACCESS MANAGEMENT PLAN. A roadway design plan which designates access locations and their design for the purpose of bringing public roadways into conformance with their access classification to the extent feasible.
ADT. The annual average two-way daily traffic volume. It represents the total traffic for the year, divided by 365.
ALLEY. A narrow roadway intended to provide access to the rear or sides of lots or buildings and not intended for through traffic.
ARTERIAL, MAJOR. A multilane roadway, usually divided by a raised median, that allows for access at at-grade public street intersections; provides mobility to traffic at moderate to high speeds, volumes and distances; and serves interregional, intercity and intracity travel demands.
ARTERIAL, MINOR. A multilane roadway that allows for access at at-grade public street intersections; restricts direct property access; provides access and mobility at moderate to high speeds and volumes in rural areas and low to moderate speeds and volumes in urban areas; and serves intercity, intracity and intracommunity travel demands.
COLLECTOR, PRIMARY. A three-lane roadway that allows for access at at-grade public street intersections, restricts direct property access, provides access and mobility at moderate speeds and connects local or secondary collector streets to arterial roadways.
COLLECTOR, SECONDARY. A two-lane roadway that allows for access at at-grade public street intersections, restricts direct property access, provides access and mobility at lower speeds, and connects primary collectors or arterials to local streets.
COORDINATED SIGNALS. Two or more signalized intersections that have the same cycle lengths and are timed to improve the quality of progression from one signal to the next.
CURB CUT. The area where a curb is level with the roadway to provide vehicular access from the roadway to an adjoining property.
DIVIDED ROADWAY. A roadway with separated areas for traffic in opposite directions, the separation being indicated by depressed dividing strips, raised curbing, traffic islands or other physical barriers so constructed as to prevent or discourage crossover vehicular traffic; or otherwise indicated by standard pavement markings or other official traffic- control devices as prescribed in the Ohio Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices.
DRIVEWAY OR PRIVATE ROAD. Every way or place in private ownership used for vehicular travel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from the owner, but not by other persons.
FREEWAY. A divided multilane roadway that allows for access at interchanges only; provides for through movement of traffic at high speeds, over long distances; and serves interstate, intrastate, interregional, intercity and intracity (in urbanized and metropolitan areas) travel demands.
FUNCTIONAL ROADWAY CLASSIFICATION. A classification system that defines a public roadway according to its purposes and hierarchy in the local or statewide roadway system.
GRADE SEPARATION. A crossing of two roadways, a roadway and a railroad, or roadway and a pedestrian walkway or bike path; where neither facility interferes with the operation of the other because of their differences in elevation.
INTERCHANGE. A facility that provides ramps for access movements between intersecting roadways that are separated in grade. The ramps and any structures used to accomplish the movement of traffic between the roadways are considered part of the INTERCHANGE.
LATERAL ACCESS. The first access point on a given street, in relation to its nearest street intersection. (See Figure 1115.)
LATERAL ACCESS REGULATIONS. The rules which regulate the minimum distance of the first driveway on either side of an intersection. (See Figure 1115.)
LEVEL OF SERVICE (LOS). A qualitative measure describing a range of traffic operating conditions such as travel speed and time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions and comfort and convenience as experienced and perceived by motorists and passengers. Six levels are defined from A to F, with A representing the best range of conditions and F the worst. See Table 1116 in Chapter 1116.
LOCAL STREET. A two-lane roadway that allows for access at at-grade public street intersections, permits direct property access and carries traffic at low speeds to and from collector streets.
MEDIAN. The portion of a roadway separating the opposing traffic flows.
PRIVATE ROAD. See DRIVEWAY.
RIGHT-OF-WAY. A general term denoting land, property or the interest therein, usually in the configuration of a strip acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes. When used in this context, RIGHT-OF-WAY includes the roadway, shoulders or berm, ditch and slopes extending to the right-of-way limits under the control of the state or city.
ROAD. A roadway.
ROADWAY. The paved area between the edges of the right-of-way bounding every public way and that is to be used for vehicular traffic. Unpaved and paved shoulders are included in a ROADWAY.
ROUTE. A roadway.
SIGNAL. A traffic control signal.
SIGNALIZATION. Installing or modifying a traffic control signal.
SIGNAL PROGRESSION. The progressive movement of traffic at a planned rate of speed, without stopping, through adjacent signalized locations within a traffic control system.
STREET. A roadway.
THOROUGHFARE. A roadway.
TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY (TIS). A study that is required to be completed according to the conditions specified in § 1116.02. The purpose and need for the TIS is to determine more precisely the impacts of the access usage; to mitigate these impacts through the proper location, design and construction of access connection(s); and to ensure the continued functional and operational integrity of the roadway.
TRAFFIC VOLUME GENERATOR. A measure of the amount of traffic, as shown in Table 1115.01.
Level | Peak Hour Trip Generation (Both Ingress and Egress) | Qualifier | ADT - Daily Trip Generation (Both Ingress and Egress) |
Low | Less than 100 (<100) | AND | Less than 1,000 (<1,000) |
Medium | Less than 200 (<200) | AND | Less than 2,000 (<2,000) |
High | 200 or more (200) | OR | 2,000 or more (2,000) |
(Ord. 99-207, passed 1-10-2000)