A. Authorization. Subject to the limitations of this Section 5-104, off-street parking is permitted as an accessory use in all districts. Off-street parking as a principal use is permitted only when expressly authorized by the regulations applicable to the district in question. Nothing in this Section shall be construed to limit the right of any person to provide off-street parking in excess of the requirements herein established, but all such parking shall comply with the standards of this Section.
B. General Requirements.
1. Applicability to Existing, New, and Expanded Uses.
(a) General Applicability. Except as provided otherwise in this Paragraph B1, the provisions of this Section shall apply to, and off-street parking spaces sufficient to satisfy the requirements of this Section shall be provided for, all existing and new uses, in accordance with the provisions of Article VI of this Code.
(b) Change in Existing Use. Whenever a use exist-ing on the effective date of this Code is changed thereafter to a new use, parking facilities shall be provided as required herein for such new use; provided, however, that when any such existing use was deficient in required parking spaces on such effective date, such new use may be established with a deficiency in required parking spaces equal in number to not more than such preexisting deficiency.
(c) Increase in Use Intensity. Whenever the intensity of use of any structure or use is increased through the addition of dwelling units, floor area, seating capacity, or other units of measurement specified herein for required parking spaces, parking spaces as required herein shall be provided for such increase in intensity of use.
(d) Exceptions. Nothing in this Paragraph B1 shall be construed to prohibit the continued utili-zation of any parking space as an accessory use to any structure or use for parking of a vehicle that may lawfully be parked in such space solely because such space does not satisfy the locational or design requirements of this Code, or any amendment to it, if such space was validly in use as an accessory use to such structure or use on the effective date of this Code or such amendment.
2. Location of Required Parking Spaces.
(a) General Rule. Except as provided in Subparagraphs (b) and (c) of this Paragraph, parking spaces required by this Section shall be located on the same zoning lot as the use to which they are accessory.
(b) Spaces Across Streets. Parking spaces for any place of public worship, elementary or secondary school, college, or any use in the R-D District or in a business district may be located on any lot where parking lots are permitted that is across a street or alley from the zoning lot on which the use to be served is located; provided, however, that such parking spaces may only be allowed when such lot across a street or alley is covenanted to remain as parking for so long as said parking spaces are required to meet the standards of this Code.
(c) Deficiency Spaces. When proposed to eliminate a parking deficiency, or when required because of a change in use or an increase in use intensity pursuant to Subparagraphs B1(b) or (c) of this Section, parking spaces may be located within any district (subject to the requirements of that district) that is adjacent to the district in which the principal use in question is a permitted use, or within the same zoning district as, and within 1,000 feet of, the zoning lot on which the use to be served is located; provided, however, that such remote parking spaces may be allowed only when such remote site is covenanted to remain as parking for so long as said parking spaces are required to meet the standards of this Code.
C. Design and Maintenance. Every parking lot and garage shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the standards and requirements herein set forth:
1. Location on Lot. Off-street parking spaces may be provided on surface lots, underground, under a building, or in parking structures. Parking lots, areas, and garages shall comply with the yard requirements made applicable to them by the regulations of the district in which they are located. See Paragraph 5-101D4 for additional regulations concerning the off-street storage of vehicles in residential districts.
2. Screening and Landscaping. All parking lots and garages shall comply with the screening and landscaping requirements set forth in Section 5-106 of this Code.
3. Design.
(a) Access to Street.
(i) Least Interference. All parking lots, areas, and garages shall be so located and designed as to provide access to adjacent streets with the least interference with pedestrian and through traffic movements.
(ii) Driveways. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Code, driveways serving single family dwellings and driveways providing direct access from a parking lot to a street (and not serving as a circulation aisle), may traverse any required yard.
(iii) Curb Cut Width and Driveway Width. No curb cut across public property shall exceed 26 feet in width without the written approval of the Village Manager. In addition, no driveway shall exceed 16 feet in width at the right-of-way line.
(iv) Access Across Separate Zoning Lot. No such access to an adjacent street shall be provided through a zoning lot other than the zoning lot on which the parking lot is located except across a permanent, recorded access easement in form and sub-stance satisfactory to the Village Attorney.
(v) Business Districts. No parking space required for a building in the B-1 or B-2 District shall hereafter be constructed unless the means of access to and from such space is through an alley or street other than Vernon, Park, or Glencoe Road, or is otherwise approved by the Village Manager.
(b) Turn-Around Area. Every parking lot or garage, other than a parking lot or garage accessory to a single family dwelling, shall be provided with a turn-around area or other means to permit cars to exit the parking lot or garage without backing onto any street or sidewalk.
(c) Surface; Drainage; Markings. Every off-street parking lot and garage shall be surfaced with a bituminous or Portland cement concrete pavement, cement paver bricks, or a similar hard surface approved by the Village Manager, providing an all-weather, durable, and dustless surface.
All parking surfaces shall be graded and drained to dispose of surface water accumula-tion by means of a positive storm water drain-age system connected to a public storm sewer system. Except for single family dwellings, individual stalls shall be clearly identified by painted markings six inches in width.
(d) Lighting. Unless otherwise expressly approved by the Board of Trustees, fixed lighting shall be provided for all parking lots and garages accommodating more than 10 vehicles. Such lighting shall be so arranged as to prevent direct glare of beams onto any adjacent public or private property or streets by the use of luminare cutoffs. All lighting shall be reduced to security levels at all times of non-use.
(e) Tree Planting Areas. Trees located within planting islands in paved areas shall have a minimum landscaped area of at least 36 square feet of surface area and be designed to permit adequate drainage.
(f) Car Stops. Every parking lot and garage, except parking lots and garages accessory to a single family dwelling, shall be provided with curbs, car wheel stops, guard rails, barrier fences, or other suitable devices designed and located to protect required screening devices, landscaping, and structures from damage by vehicles using such lot or garage. This pro-vision shall not be construed to require car wheel stops for every parking space, but only in those cases where the Village Manager determines that such stops are necessary or desir-able to achieve the purposes of this Subparagraph.
(g) Circulation Aisles. Each parking space in a parking lot, except spaces accessory to a single family dwelling, shall be accessed by a circulation aisle of a width, in feet and inches, as specified below:
Parking One-Way Two-Way
Angle Aisle Width Aisle Width
Parallel 12'0" 24'0"
40° 12'6" 24'0"
60° 14'6" 24'0"
90° 22'6" 24'0"
The above-stated aisle widths may be reduced if the Village Engineer determines that such reduction will not adversely affect the safe and efficient use of such parking spaces and such parking lot.
(h) Tandem Spaces. Unless otherwise expressly approved by the Board of Trustees, no parking spaces shall be designed in "tandem" so that ingress to or egress from one space is blocked by a second space, except for spaces accessory to single family or multiple family dwellings.
(i) Back-up Area. Each parking space, except spaces accessory to a single family dwelling, shall be provided with a sufficient back-up area to permit egress in one maneuver, consist-ing of one backward and one forward movement, and shall be designed so that no vehicle is required to back up onto any street.
(j) Space Dimensions. Each off-street parking space, excluding its associated circulation aisle, shall have the following minimum dimensions, in feet and inches:
Parking Stall Stall Stall
Angle Width Length Height
Parallel 8'0" 20'0" 6'8"
45° 9'0" 17'6" 6'8"
60° 9'0" 19'0" 6'8"
90° 9'0" 18'0" 6'8"
The above-stated stall width dimensions shall be increased to 16 feet for required handicapped parking spaces or to the width required under applicable State law, whichever is greater.
The above-stated stall dimensions may be reduced if the Village Engineer determines that such reduction will not adversely affect the safe and efficient use of such parking spaces.
(k) Maintenance. All tree planting areas, parking lots, garages, and parking areas shall be properly maintained at all times so as to be free of pot holes, broken curbs, and other damaged or neglected features.
(l) Board Approval. The arrangements, surfacing, screening, and illumination of any open parking lot shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees.
D. Use. Except as otherwise set forth in this Code, no off-street parking lot or garage shall be used for any purpose other than the temporary storage of motor vehicles related to the premises. The storage of merchandise and the sale or commercial repair of vehi-cles are prohibited.
E. Required Spaces.
1. Specified Uses. For the following uses, the fol-lowing minimum number of off-street parking spaces or stacking spaces shall be provided:
USE | REQUIRED SPACES |
(a) Single Family Dwellings | 2 for each dwelling unit in the R-A and R-B Districts; 1 for each dwelling unit in the R-C District |
(b) Multiple Family Dwellings and Dwellings Located in Business Districts | |
(i) Multiple Family Dwellings in Business Districts Districts. | 1.5 spaces for each apartment in the B-1, and B-2 |
(ii) Multiple Family Dwellings in R-D District | |
(A) One Bedroom Unit | 1.5 enclosed parking spaces per unit, plus 0.5 additional parking spaces per unit. |
(B) Two and Three Bedroom Unit | 2 enclosed parking spaces per unit, plus 0.5 additional parking spaces per unit (Amended 6/2003) |
(C) Four or More Bedroom Unit | 2.75 enclosed parking spaces per unit, plus 0.5 additional parking spaces per unit (Amended Feb 6, 2003 and 6/2003) |
(c) Pre-kindergarten and Elementary Schools | 1 for each 3 staff members and employees PLUS 1 for each 16 pupils |
(d) Secondary Schools and Colleges | 1 for each 3 staff members and employees PLUS 1 for each 8 pupils |
(e) Places of Public Worship | 1 for each 2 persons employed on the premises plus 1 for every 8 seats but not including seats in a Sunday or religious school room |
(f) Theaters | 1 for each 5 seats provided in the theater |
(g) Private Golf Clubs | The number of parking spaces provided by any private golf club on the effective date of this Code shall not be reduced without the express approval of the Board of Trustees |
(h) Business District Buildings | |
(i) New Buildings | 1 for each 500 square feet of gross floor area not used for dwelling units |
(ii) Existing Buildings | 1 for each 500 square feet of gross floor area not used for dwelling units added after the effective date of this Code. (Adopted Jan 1991) |
2. Unspecified Uses. When the ultimate use of a structure is not known, the maximum number of spaces that might be required for any use to which the structure might reasonably be devoted shall be provided.
3. Computation of Required Spaces.
(a) Fractional Spaces. When determination of the number of required parking spaces results in the requirement of a fractional space, any fraction shall require one additional parking space.
(b) Capacity Calculations. When parking spaces are required on the basis of capacity, capacity shall be determined based on the occupancy standards estab-lished by the Building Code.
(c) Bench Seating. In stadia, auditoria, places of public worship, and other places of assembly in which patrons or spectators occupy benches, pews, or other similar seating facilities, each 22 inches of such seating facility shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of deter-mining the requirement for off-street parking facilities under this Code.
(d) Population Calculations. When parking spaces are required on the basis of the number of customers, students, or similar measure, the maximum number for which the structure is designed shall govern, except that when the structure has no design capacity the maximum number present at any one time shall govern. When parking spaces are required on the basis of the number of employees, the maximum number of employees working during the largest work shift shall govern.
(e) Single Family Residence Districts. On lots with single family dwellings in the R-A, R-B, and R-C Districts, automobile access and maneuvering areas may be included in the required parking space.
4. Special Regulations for Restaurants in Business Districts. Anything else contained in this Code to the contrary notwithstanding, no off-street parking spaces, except such spaces as may be provided to accommodate the reasonable needs of employees, shall be required, allowed, or provided in connection with any eating place permitted in the B-1 or B-2 Districts unless such eating place is located in a shopping center providing off-street parking spaces in a parking lot designed and intended for the joint and common use of all establishments in such shopping center and the parking spaces used or provided for such eating place are located in such parking lot.
5. Spaces Reserved for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations. Any space meeting the requirements of this section reserved or designated for electric vehicle charging stations may be counted toward satisfying minimum off-street parking space requirements.
(Amd. Ord. 2023-19-3564, passed 9-21-2023)