The provisions of Section 406 of IBC are adopted by reference with the following modifications:
1. In provisions adopted by reference, reset the following terms in italic type: "accessible"; "approved"; "building official"; "carport"; "open parking garage"; "private garage" and "repair garage."
1.1. Revise Section 406.1 by adding a final sentence to read:
"Parking facilities shall also comply with Section 406.9."
1.2. Add a new Section 406.1.1 to read:
"406.1.1 Covered loading spaces and driveways.
Loading spaces and driveways which are used for the storage of unattended motor vehicles and extend more than 5 feet (1524 mm) into a building shall be classified as parking garages or carports.
Exception: Interior parking and loading spaces that occupy no more than 20 percent of the overall floor area in a Group F or S occupancy and which are separated from other areas by a change in level, curb, guard or other fixed barrier."
2. Revise Section 406.2.4 by replacing "sloped" with "sloped at least one-quarter inch per foot (6.35 mm per 305 mm)."
3. Revise exception 1 to Section 406.2.4 to read:
"1. Asphalt parking surfaces shall be permitted at ground level for open parking garages and carports."
4. Revise Section 406.2.8 to read:
"406.2.8 Separation from other occupancies.
Motor-vehicle-related occupancies shall be separated from other occupancies in the same building in accordance with Sections 406.2.8.1 through 406.2.8.4.
406.2.8.1 Private garages and carports.
Private garages and carports shall be separated from other occupancies in the same building in accordance with Section 406.3.2.
406.2.8.2 Public garages.
Public garages shall be separated from other occupancies in the same building with fire barriers and horizontal assemblies of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 4 hours.
Exception: Where the building (including the parking garage) is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, the required fire-resistance rating shall be not less than 3 hours.
406.2.8.3 Repair garages.
Repair garages shall be separated from other occupancies in the same building with fire barriers and horizontal assemblies of noncombustible construction having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 4 hours.
406.2.8.4 Motor fuel-dispensing facilities.
Motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall not be located in a building containing other uses or occupancies."
5. Revise Section 406.2.9.1, including its exception, to read:
"406.2.9.1 Elevation of ignition sources.
Equipment and appliances having an ignition source and located in private garages, repair garages, motor fuel- dispensing facilities and parking garages shall be elevated such that the source of ignition is not less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor surface on which the equipment or appliance rests. For the purpose of this section, rooms or spaces that are not part of the living space of a dwelling unit or sleeping unit and that communicate directly with a private garage through openings shall be considered to be part of the private garage."
6. Revise Section 406.3 and its subsections to read:
"406.3 Private garages and carports.
Private garages and carports shall comply with Sections 406.2 and 406.3.
406.3.1 Classification.
Private garages and carports shall be classified as Group U occupancies.
Exception: Private garages and carports on the same lot as a Group R-5 occupancy shall be classified as a Group R-5 occupancy.
406.3.2 Area.
Each private garage or carport of Type I, II, IIIA or IV construction shall be not greater than 1,000 square feet (93 m
2
) in gross floor area. Each private garage or carport of Type IIIB or VA construction shall be not greater than 800 square feet (74.3 m
2
) in gross floor area. Each private garage or carport of Type VB construction shall be not greater than 600 square feet (55.7 m
2
) in gross floor area.
406.3.3 Height.
A building of Type IIB, IIIB, or VB construction containing a private garage shall not exceed one story or 12 feet (3658 mm) in building height.
406.3.4 Separation.
Private garages and carports shall be separated from other buildings and occupancies in accordance with Sections 406.3.4.1 and 406.3.4.2. Carports may be separated from buildings in accordance with Section 406.3.4.3.
406.3.4.1 Detached private garages.
Any exterior wall of a detached private garage which is located less than 6 feet (1829 mm) from another building on the same lot shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 hour. Openings shall be protected in accordance with Section 716.
Exception: There may be one doorway not exceeding 21 square feet (1.95 m
2
) in area, protected with a self-closing and self-latching door not less fire-resistive than a solid wood door 1 3/4 inches (44.5 mm) thick.
406.3.4.2 Attached private garages.
Private garages and carports attached to another occupancy shall be separated from all other areas of the building by fire barriers and horizontal assemblies having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1 hour. Door openings between a private garage and other occupancies shall be equipped with either solid wood doors or solid or honeycomb core steel doors not less than 1 3/8 inches (34.9 mm) in thickness, or doors in compliance with Section 716.2.2.1 with a fire protection rating of not less than 20 minutes. Doors shall be self-closing and self-latching.
Only one attached private garage or carport shall be allowed per building.
406.3.4.3 Carports.
A separation is not required between an enclosed occupancy and a carport, provided that the carport is entirely open on two or more sides and there are not enclosed areas above.
406.3.5 Automatic sprinkler system.
Private garages located in a basement and with a capacity for four or more motor vehicles shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
Exception: Where the private garage is open to the atmosphere for a height of not less than 18 inches (457 mm) around not less than 50 percent of its perimeter."
7. Delete the last sentence of Section 406.4.
8. Revise Section 406.4.3 to read:
"406.4.3 Ramps.
Vehicle ramps shall not be considered as vertical components of the means of egress connecting more than one story unless designated pedestrian paths are marked. Vehicle ramps that are utilized for vertical egress as well as for parking shall not exceed a slope of 1:15 (6.67 percent)."
8.1. Add new Sections 406.4.4 through 406.4.6 to read:
"406.4.4 Construction.
Public parking garages shall be of Type I, II, or IV construction. Public parking garages of Type IIB or IV construction shall only be permitted in single-story buildings. Floors supporting motor vehicles shall have a fire-resistance rating of at least 1 hour.
406.4.5 Height and area.
Public parking garages shall be limited to the allowable heights and areas specified in Sections 504 and 506 for Group S-2 occupancies. Roof parking shall be allowed.
406.4.6 Vertical tiers.
The number of vertical tiers of parking shall be limited to the values specified in Table 406.4.6. In the case of a parking garage having a continuous spiral floor, each 9 feet 6 inches (2896 mm) of height, or portion thereof, shall be considered to be a tier.
TABLE 406.4.6
PUBLIC PARKING GARAGE HEIGHT (IN TIERS)
PUBLIC PARKING GARAGE HEIGHT (IN TIERS)
TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION | HEIGHT (in tiers) | |
Ramp access | Mechanical access | |
TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION | HEIGHT (in tiers) | |
Ramp access | Mechanical access | |
IA | Unlimited | Unlimited |
IB | 3 tiers | 3 tiers
a |
IIA | 3 tiers | 2 tiers
a |
IIB | 1 tier | 1 tier
a |
IV | 1 tier | 1 tier
a |
For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2. | ||
a. One additional tier of mechanical access parking is allowed in buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1." | ||
9. Delete Section 406.5.1.
10. Revise Section 406.5.3 to read:
"406.5.3 Mixed occupancies and uses.
Mixed uses shall be allowed in the same building as an open parking garage subject to the provisions of Sections 406.2.8 and 508.1.
Exception: The grade-level tier is permitted to contain an office, waiting and toilet rooms having a total combined area of not more than 1,000 square feet (93 m2). Such area need not be separated from the open parking garage."
11. Delete Sections 406.5.4 and 406.5.4.1 and Table 406.5.4
12. [Reserved.]
13. Delete Section 406.5.5.
14. Revise Section 406.5.6 by replacing "adjacent lot line" with "abutting property line."
Revise Section 406.5.7 to read:
"406.5.7 Means of egress.
Where persons other than parking attendants are permitted, open parking garages shall meet the means of egress requirements of Chapter 10. Where persons other than parking attendants are not permitted, there shall be not fewer than two exit stairways. Each exit stairway shall be not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width. Personnel lifts shall be permitted to be installed for use of employees only, provided that they are completely enclosed by noncombustible materials."
15. Revise Section 406.5.8 to read:
"406.5.8 Fire protection systems.
An open parking garage shall be equipped with a standpipe system as required by Section 905.3. An open parking garage shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system as required by Section 903.2.10."
16. Delete item 2 in Section 406.5.11.
16.1. Delete Section 406.6.1.
17. Revise the exception to Section 406.6.2 to read:
"Exception: Mechanical ventilation shall not be required for private garages."
18. Revise Section 406.7.2 to read:
"406.7.2 Canopies.
Canopies under which fuels are dispensed shall have a clear, unobstructed height of not less than 13 feet 6 inches (4115 mm) to the lowest projecting element in the vehicle drive-through area. Canopies and their supports over pumps shall be of noncombustible materials or construction providing 1-hour fire resistance."
19. Revise Section 406.8.2.2 by replacing "an approved" with "a central."
20. Add a new Section 406.9 to read:
"406.9 Parking facilities.
Parking facilities shall comply with the provisions of Sections 406.2, 406.4 and 406.5 or 406.6, as modified by Section 406.9.
406.9.1 Occupancy.
Buildings containing parking facilities shall not contain any other occupancy.
Exceptions:
1. The grade-level tier is allowed to contain an office, waiting and toilet rooms having a total combined area of not more than 1,000 square feet (93 m
2). Such area need not be separated from the parking facility.
2. No more than 50 percent of the floor area of the first story above grade plane is allowed to contain Group A, B or M occupancies that exit directly to a public way, are provided with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and are separated from the remainder of the structure by fire barriers and horizontal assemblies having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 3 hours.
906.9.2 Type of construction.
Parking facilities shall be of Type IA construction.
906.9.3 Fire protection systems.
An automatic sprinkler system is not required in parking facilities except where four or more levels are enclosed on all sides. Standpipes are not required in parking facilities, except a manual dry standpipe system shall be required in parking facilities that exceed 55 feet (16.7 m) in building height. A fire alarm system is not required in parking facilities that do not exceed 55 feet (16.7 m) in building height.
906.9.4 Emergency lighting.
A System III emergency lighting system shall be provided in parking facilities in accordance with Article 700 of the Chicago Electrical Code."
(Amend Coun. J. 7-24-19, p. 3646, § 27; Amend Coun. J. 2-19-20, p. 14473, Art. II, § 9; Amend Coun. J. 10-7-20, p. 21791, Art. II, § 4; Amend Coun. J. 1-26-22, p. 43756, Art. II, § 3)