Off street parking facilities shall be designed and constructed to the following standards:
A. Ingress, Egress, Internal Circulation: The parking facilities must have adequate ingress, egress, and internal circulation and shall provide the number of off street spaces required under section 10-16-9 of this chapter, as determined by the reviewing official specified by subsection 10-16-4A of this chapter.
B. Outside Rights Of Way And Sight Triangles: All off street parking spaces must be entirely outside of the public street right of way and required sight distance triangles.
C. ADA Requirements: As required by the international building code, handicap accessible (ADA) parking space(s), loading areas, and travelways from the ADA space to the building, shall be provided in accordance with adopted ADA standards. Required ADA parking spaces count toward the number of spaces required by section 10-16-9 of this chapter.
D. Entrances/Exits: The city engineer shall determine and specify the locations, widths, and designs of all approaches to and from all city streets. The parking lot designer and city engineer shall consider and apply appropriate access management techniques consistent with professional engineering practices, such as those found in the "Access Management Manual" (2003 or current edition, transportation research board), to preserve street capacity, minimize safety issues, and minimize future costs to the city. The access management requirements of the city engineer shall be incorporated in the parking lot/access design; provided, any appeal to such requirements from the applicant may be presented to the planning, zoning, and adjustment board for a ruling. For access to state highways, access management techniques shall be determined through consultation and permitting with WYDOT prior to city approval of the parking plan. (See also WYDOT "Access Manual", 2005 or current edition.)
E. Lighting: Parking areas for civic, commercial, and industrial uses that will be utilized outside of daylight hours shall be provided with illumination. All parking lot lighting shall be designed and installed such that illumination will be directed away from any neighboring residential properties and shall be directed downward by utilizing full cutoff or fully shielded fixtures.
F. Vertical Clearance: Parking spaces and aisles shall have a vertical clearance of at least seven feet (7').
G. Tandem Configuration: Single-family residential (attached or detached), two-family residential (duplex), and family daycare home uses may utilize a tandem (one vehicle directly behind the other) parking configuration and have both spaces count toward the required number, so long as both tandem spaces are designated to serve the same dwelling unit. Tandem parking space configuration shall not be permitted for off street parking required of any other type of use.
H. Parking Lots With Five Or More Spaces: Parking lots containing five (5) or more required spaces shall be designed and constructed to the following minimum standards:
1. Surfacing: Parking spaces, drives, and aisles shall be constructed of either concrete, asphalt concrete pavement, recycled asphalt, asphalt millings, compacted gravel meeting WYDOT "grading GR" or "grading W" specifications, or other functionally comparable materials approved by the planning and zoning board. Base material in a depth suitable for the traffic anticipated to utilize the facility, including emergency vehicles, shall also be provided. ADA spaces must be concrete or asphalt concrete pavement.
2. Entrance: Commercial development, industrial/light industrial development, and multi-family developments that are accessed directly from a state highway or street classified as an arterial or major collector shall have a paved entrance/exit extending from the curb cut (face of curb, or edge of the roadway pavement in areas without curbing), to a point at least twenty five feet (25') from the public street, measured along the direction of travel.
3. Back Out Prohibited: Off street parking for commercial, industrial, civic, and multiple-family development shall be designed so as to make it unnecessary for a vehicle to back out into an arterial or collector street. Backing into alleys is acceptable.
4. Painted Parking Stalls: Hard surfaced parking areas shall use paint, curbing, or similar improvements to delineate car stalls. Painted parking lot stripes and directional markings must be white or yellow.
5. Wheel Stop Parking Stalls: Parking areas of gravel or similar material shall use wheel stops/parking stops to delineate car stalls, and signage as necessary for the direction of traffic. The wheel stops/parking stops may be premanufactured stops (typically made of concrete, rubber, or composite material), six inch (6") tall treated wood timbers, or other functionally comparable items approved by the planning and zoning board.
6. Sidewalk Encroachment: Wheel stops or parking stops shall be provided next to sidewalks and pedestrian aisles when necessary to prevent vehicle overhang from reducing the sidewalk or pedestrian aisle to less than four feet (4') in width. When determining possible encroachment into the sidewalk or pedestrian aisle, an overhang of 2.0 feet is to be assumed for ninety degree (90°) parking, 1.7 feet for sixty degree (60°) parking, 1.6 feet for forty five degree (45°) parking, and 1.0 foot for thirty degree (30°) parking. The wheel stops/parking stops may be premanufactured stops, six inch (6") tall treated wood timbers, or other functionally comparable items approved by the planning and zoning board.
7. Access Gates: Primary access gates located next to an arterial or collector street shall be set back sufficiently from the public street to allow an appropriate design vehicle to completely pull off the street before having to stop to open or close the gate.
8. Screening: Parking areas situated within twenty feet (20') of a neighboring residence shall provide a "visual screen" as defined in this title, or functionally equivalent vegetative screen, as necessary to prevent headlight glare disturbance to the occupants of the neighboring residence.
9. Access To Rear Parking Area: When off street parking is provided to the rear of a building, and a driveway or lane alongside the building provides access to the rear parking area, such driveway shall be a minimum of twelve feet (12') wide and a minimum four foot (4') wide walkway must be installed adjoining the building.
10. Dead End Parking Aisles: Dead end one-way parking aisles shall not be permitted. Additional backup area or turnaround area shall be provided at the end of two-way dead end parking aisles. (Ord. 2013-04, 3-5-2013)