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Air chambers shall be installed at the upper terminals of all upfeed riser pipes and in branch distributing pipes contiguous to, and directly above, the connection of such branch distributing pipes to the plumbing fixture or other water-supplied appliance. Such air chambers shall be installed in a direct line with the flow of water through such pipes and shall be of sufficient capacity to provide an air cushion which will absorb shock, stress, or strain or eliminate all excess noises which may be caused by the operation of any valves, faucets, bibbs, or cocks in the water supply system.