7.8.2 Off-Street Parking Space Requirements

      (A)   Applicability

         (1)   Except as provided in Section 7.8.2(A)(2) below, each use or establishment within the Town shall initially and continually provide sufficient off-street parking spaces, in compliance with the requirements of this section, for all residents, employees, customers, visitors, and others who may spend time at the use or establishment.

         (2)   Off-street parking shall not be required for existing and new non-residential uses within the HMXD sub-district of the Town Center zoning district. However, where off-street parking spaces are provided, they shall be considered "Required Parking Spaces" for the purpose of determining the proportionate number of required handicapped parking spaces per Section 7.8.2(F).

      (B)   Effect on New and Existing Uses

         (1)   Parking Spaces Required

            Permanent off-street parking spaces shall be provided as specified by this section for all uses occupying land or facilities (or portions thereof). Such parking spaces may be provided in a parking garage. The requirements of this section shall be met:

            (a)   At the time a Certificate of Occupancy is issued for a building or structure in which an approved use takes place;

            (b)   At the time any principal or ancillary use or building is enlarged or increased in capacity, such as by adding dwelling units, guest rooms, seats, floor area, or other units of measurement used in Table 7.8-1, which follows; or

            (c)   Before conversion from one (1) type of use or occupancy to another, or any change in the manner in which the use is constructed that would result in additional parking requirements.

         (2)   Certification

            Each development plan that is submitted for approval shall include information as to the number, location, and dimensions of all off-street parking and loading spaces and the means of ingress and egress to such spaces. This information shall be illustrated in sufficient detail to indicate whether the requirements of this Section are met. In those cases where no development plan is required, the applicant must show that the number of parking spaces and the design and construction of all parking areas meet the requirements of this Section in order to receive a Certificate of Occupancy.

         (3)   Timing of Construction

            (a)   Except as provided in paragraph (B)(2) above, all parking areas required under this Section shall be completed prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy for the use or uses that they serve.

            (b)   Parking areas for phased development projects shall be provided in accordance with Table 7.8-1.

      (C)   Computation of Off-Street Parking Requirements

         (1)   Calculations

            When measurements of the number of required spaces result in fractions, the space requirements shall be rounded upward to the next highest whole number.

         (2)   Different Use Areas

            Except as provided for in this chapter, parking shall be calculated separately for each different use area in a building or on a site, including all ancillary uses.

         (3)   On-Street Parking

            Except as provided for in this chapter, on-street parking within public or private streets, driveways, or drives, shall not be used to satisfy the off-street parking requirements prescribed by this section, except for townhouse developments. Townhouses may count delineated, on-street parking spaces within the development towards their visitor parking requirements.

         (4)   Commercial Parking Maximums

            (a)   For uses classified as commercial, the number of spaces shown in Table 7.8-1 shall be considered the maximum number of surface spaces allowed for such uses for the purpose of reducing unnecessary/rarely-used parking and decreasing the amount of impervious surface on sites.

            (b)   Parking spaces provided within a parking deck or other parking structure shall not count toward the maximum parking requirement. For the purposes of this subsection, a parking structure includes any structure that provides parking vertically on more than one (1) level or that provides parking underneath a building that has occupied floor(s) above the parking level.

            (c)   As part of the review and approval of any procedure set forth in Chapter 3, the Planning Director may approve an increase in the maximum number of surface parking spaces of up to thirty (30) percent only if the additional surface parking is necessary to satisfy the parking expected for the use, based on factors including, but not limited to, the number of employees per square foot; the number of trips generated by the use, and the time of day when the use generates the most trips.

            (d)   The Zoning Board of Adjustment may approve an increase in the maximum number of surface parking spaces above thirty (30) percent only if it finds, after conducting a quasi-judicial hearing, that the increase advances the goals and purposes of this Ordinance and is necessary to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use based on factors including, but not limited to, the number of employees per square foot; the number of trips generated by the use; and the time of day when the use generates the most trips.

         (5)   Parking Based on Seating

            When requirements use seating as a unit of measurement, all calculations shall be based on the design capacity of the areas used for seating.

         (6)   Parking Based on Floor Area

            Except as provided for in this Section, when requirements use amount of square footage in buildings as a unit of measurement, all calculations shall be based on gross floor area .

         (7)   Parking Based on Students, Staff, and Occupants

            Except as provided for in this chapter, when requirements use number of students, staff, or occupants as a unit of measurement, all calculations shall be based on the maximum enrollment, the largest number of persons working on any single shift, or the maximum fire-rated capacity, whichever is applicable and results in the greater number of required spaces.

         (8)   Residential Parking

            (a)   Driveways may be used to satisfy minimum on-site parking requirements, provided that sufficient space is available to prevent vehicle encroachment onto sidewalk and/or into adjoining vehicular travel lanes.

            (b)   All parking required by Table 7.8-1 shall be located directly at the dwelling unit for which the parking is intended, or not more than two hundred (200) feet away from the dwelling unit. Adequate off street pedestrian access shall be provided between the required parking space(s) and the dwelling unit. With appropriate justification, this distance may be increased by the Planning Director.

            (c)   Visitor Parking.  Visitor parking shall be installed in accordance with Section 7.8.2(G).

               Visitor parking for townhouses shall not be more than three (300) feet from the dwelling unit(s) for which it is provided to serve. These spaces may be provided via delineated on-street or off-street parking spaces.

            (d)   Parking for single-unit and duplex dwelling units shall be considered an accessory use subject to requirements of Section 5.3.4(K).

         (9)   Parking for Unlisted Uses

            Parking requirements for uses not specifically listed in Table 7.8-1 shall be determined by the Planning Director based on the requirements for the closest comparable use, as well as on the particular parking demand and trip generation characteristics of the proposed use. The Planning Director may alternately require the submittal of a parking demand study that justifies estimates of parking demand based on the recommendations of the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE), and includes relevant data collected from uses or combinations of uses that are the same or comparable to the proposed use in terms of density, scale, bulk, area, type of activity, and location.

         (10)   Unimpeded Parking

            Generally, no parking spaces shall be located so as to require the moving of any vehicle on the premises in order to enter or leave any other space. Notwithstanding the above, the Planning Director may allow stacking spaces provided for auto-related uses to count toward the minimum required parking, as long as such spaces are not part of areas required for site ingress or egress, or areas intended for fueling.

      (D)   Required Off-Street Parking Spaces

         (1)   Schedule "A"

            Unless otherwise expressly stated in this Ordinance, off-street parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with Table 7.8-1. Off-street parking spaces for uses within the Town Center District shall be provided according to Section 6.1.3 of this Ordinance. For uses classified as commercial, the number of motor vehicle spaces shown on the table shall be considered the maximum allowed for such uses. Exceptions to the maximum parking allowed may be approved if justified in accordance with Section 7.8.2(C)(4).

For a printer-friendly, PDF version: Table 7.8-1

TABLE 7.8-1: OFF-STREET PARKING SCHEDULE "A"
("du" = dwelling unit; "sf" = square feet)
	Land Use	Number of Motor Vehicle Spaces	Number of Bike Spaces
RESIDENTIAL USES
Household Living	Boarding house	1.5 per guest room	1 rack, or 1 rack per 40 guests
Household Living	Caretaker's residence	2 per du	N/A
Household Living	Detached dwelling	2 per du	N/A
Household Living	Duplex dwelling	2 per du	N/A
Household Living	Manufactured home	2 per du	N/A
Household Living	Multi-family dwelling (including mid-rise)	0-1-bedroom unit: 1 per du 2-bedroom unit: 2 per du 3 or more bedroom unit: 2.5 per du + 0.5 per bedroom over 3 bedrooms All units: 0.15 per du designated for visitor parking {See 7.8.2(C)(8)}	1 rack per building, or 1 per 50 units*
Household Living	Patio dwelling	2 per du	N/A
Household Living	Residential use in non-residential building	2 per du + 0.5 per bedroom over 2 bedrooms	N/A
Household Living	Semi-detached/attached dwellings	2 per du + 0.5 per bedroom over 2 bedrooms	N/A
Household Living	Townhouse	2 per du + 0.5 per bedroom over 2 bedrooms, + 0.25 per du designated for visitor parking {See 7.8.2(C)(8)}	N/A
Household Living	Accessory dwelling unit	1 per bedroom	N/A
Group Living	Dormitory	1.5 per guest room	1 rack per building, or 1 per 50 units*
Group Living	Family care home	0.25 per resident + 1 per each staff person	1 rack per building
Group Living	Group home	0.50 per resident	1 rack per building
Group Living	Life care community	0.25 per resident + 1 per each staff person	1 rack per building
Group Living	Nursing home, congregate care, dependent living units	0.25 per resident + 1 per each staff person	1 rack per building

 

TABLE 7.8-1: OFF-STREET PARKING SCHEDULE "A"
("du" = dwelling unit; "sf" = square feet)
	Land Use	Number of Motor Vehicle Spaces	Number of Bike Spaces
PUBLIC/INSTITUTIONAL USES
Aviation	Airport/landing strip	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Aviation	Heliport	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Cemetery	All	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Day Care	Child day care center	1 per each 200 sf	N/A
Day Care	Day care home, large	4 per home + 1 additional space if there is an employee who does not reside in the home	N/A
Day Care	Day care home, small	3 per home + 1 additional space if there is an employee who does not reside in the home	N/A
Government Services	Governmental offices	1 per every 200 sf of gross floor area used by the public + 1 per each 600 sf of gross floor are not used by the public	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Government Services	Public safety station	1 per each 500 sf	1 rack
Government Services	Public utility facilities	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Hospital	All	1 per patient bed + 1.25 per full-time employee (total number of full time employees regardless of shift size)	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Library	All	1 per each 200 sf	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Museum	All	1 per each 500 sf	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Athletic field, public	1 per 5,000 sf of land area	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Community Garden	0.1 per each acre	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Outdoor amphitheater, public	1 per every 3 fixed seats or 1 per each 35 sf of non-fixed seating*	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Park, public	See Schedule "C"	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Neighborhood recreation center, public	1 per each 250 sf	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Park and Open Space	Resource conservation facility	See Schedule "C"	3 racks, or 1 rack per 50 auto spaces*
Passenger Terminal	Bus, air, or rail terminal	1 per each 200 sf	2 racks
Religious Assembly	All	1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity in the assembly area or sanctuary	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Educational Use (public or private)	College	1 per classroom + 1 per every 2 students	1 rack per 40 students above 2nd grade and all employees
Educational Use (public or private)	Elementary, middle	2.25 per classroom	1 rack per 40 students above 2nd grade and all employees
Educational Use (public or private)	Pre-school	1 per each 200 sf + 1 stacking lane for at least 4 cars	1 rack per 40 students above 2nd grade and all employees
Educational Use (public or private)	Senior high	1.5 per classroom + 1 per every 5 students	1 rack per 40 students above 2nd grade and all employees
Non-Governmental Utilities	Utility facility, major	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Non-Governmental Utilities	Transportation facility	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Non-Governmental Utilities	Utility substation, minor	See Schedule "C"	N/A

 

TABLE 7.8-1: OFF-STREET PARKING SCHEDULE "A"
("du" = dwelling unit; "sf" = square feet)
	Land Use	Number of Motor Vehicle Spaces	Number of Bike Spaces
COMMERCIAL USES (NOTE: Motor vehicle spaces listed for commercial uses are maximums. Refer to Section 7.8.2[C][4] for exceptions to this requirement.)
Agricultural Uses	Farming, general	None	N/A
Agricultural Uses	Forestry	None	N/A
Agricultural Uses	Produce stand	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Animal Service	Veterinary hospital/office with indoor kennels	1 per each 300 sf	1 rack
Animal Service	Kennel, indoor only	1 per each 400 sf	1 rack
Animal Service	Kennel, indoor/outdoor	1 per each 400 sf of indoor space	1 rack
Animal Service	Veterinary hospital/office with outdoor kennels	1 per each 300 sf	1 rack
Assembly	General assembly	1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Assembly	Special Event Center	1 per each 50 sf of indoor and outdoor assembly space	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Assembly	Dance, Rental	1 per each 50 sf or 1 per every 4 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Assembly	Club or lodge	1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity + parking required for other uses as may be necessary.	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Financial Institution	Bank, without drive-through service	1 per each 200 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Financial Institution	Bank, with drive-through service	1 per each 200 sf + one lane per each drive-up window and/or ATM with stacking spaces per Table 7.8-3	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Financial Institution	Stand alone ATM	2 per machine	N/A
Food and Beverage Service	Nightclub, bar indoor operation	1 per each 50 sf or 1 per every 4 persons of maximum fire- rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Food and Beverage Service	Nightclub, bar with outdoor operation	1 per each 50 sf, including outdoor waiting/seating/dining areas, or 1 per every 4 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Food and Beverage Service	Restaurant, indoor operation	1 per each 150 sf, including outdoor waiting/seating/dining areas, or 1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Food and Beverage Service	Restaurant, with outdoor operation	1 per each 150 sf, including outdoor waiting/seating/dining areas, or 1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Office	Office, business or professional	1 per each 300 sf	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Office	Office, health care	1 per each 250 sf	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Office	Wellness Center	1 per each 200 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces *
Office	Radio and television broadcasting studios	1 per each 500 sf	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Public Accommodation	Guest house	2 per guest house + 1 per sleeping room	1 rack
Public Accommodation	Hotel or motel	1 per sleeping room + 1 per 4 seats in meeting or assembly rooms	1 rack
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Amusement establishment	1 per each 200 sf or 1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Commercial indoor/outdoor recreational facilities, general	1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Swimming pool	1 per each 75 sf of water surface	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Tennis courts	3 per court	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Neighborhood recreation center, indoor/outdoor (private)	1 per each 200 sf (this may be reduced by one space for every single-unit dwelling which is located within 400 feet of direct pedestrian access from the facility)	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Pool or billiard hall	1 per each 50 sf or 1 per every 4 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity*	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Theater (large & small), excluding drive-in theater	1 per every 4 seats	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Indoor	Electronic Gaming Operation	1 per each 200 sf or 1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity or one per electronic gaming machine*	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Athletic field, private	1 per every 5,000 sf of land area	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	General outdoor recreational facility commercial, general	1 per every 3 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Swimming pool	1 per each 75 sf of water surface	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Tennis courts	3 per court	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Golf course (public or private)	6.6 per hole	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Golf driving range (public or private)	3 per hole or tee	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Motor vehicle raceway	1 per every 4 persons of maximum fire-rated capacity	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Recreation/Entertainment, Outdoor	Outdoor amphitheater, commercial	1 per every 3 fixed seats or 1 per each 35 sf of non-fixed seating	3 racks, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Convenience store	1 per each 150 sf	1 rack
Retail Sales and Service	Crematorium	1 per each 500 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces *
Retail Sales and Service	Farm market	3 per each vendor stall or unit	1 rack
Retail Sales and Service	Funeral home	1 per each 200 sf	1 rack
Retail Sales and Service	ABC store	1 per each 300 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Postal center, private	1 per each 300 sf + 1 per employee + 1 additional space for each delivery vehicle generally maintained on the premises	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Personal service establishment	1 per each 200 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Retail store	1 per each 250 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Adult business	1 per each 200 sf	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Retail Sales and Service	Shopping center, general	1 per each 250 sf	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Retail Sales and Service	Shopping center, small	based on each tenant, except in the Town Center District, where parking is 1 per each 250 sf	1 rack per building, or 1 rack per 50,000 sf *
Retail Sales and Service	Trade school	2 per classroom + 1 per every 2 students	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Vehicles and Equipment	Automobile sales/rental	1 per each 300 sf of enclosed floor area + 1 per each 5,000 sf of outdoor display area	1 rack
Vehicles and Equipment	Vehicle filling station	1 per each 250 sf of retail + 4 per service bay + 0.5 per pump + 2 lanes per pump island with stacking spaces per Table 7.8-3	1 rack
Vehicles and Equipment	Car wash, self service and automatic	2 per bay + 1 lane per each bay with stacking spaces per Table 7.8-3	N/A
Vehicles and Equipment	Car wash, full service	1 per each 150 sf + 1 lane per each bay with stacking spaces per Table 7.8-3	N/A
Vehicles and Equipment	Heavy equipment sales/rental	1 per each 400 sf of enclosed floor area + 1 per each 5,000 sf of outdoor display area	N/A
Vehicles and Equipment	Towing and storage	1 per each 300 sf + storage area	N/A
Vehicles and Equipment	Vehicle service, light	1 per each 300 sf + 2 per bay	N/A
Vehicles and Equipment	Vehicle repair, heavy	1 per each 200 sf + 4 per bay	N/A

 

TABLE 7.8-1: OFF-STREET PARKING SCHEDULE "A"
("du" = dwelling unit; "sf" = square feet)
	Land Use	Number of Motor Vehicle Spaces	Number of Bike Spaces
INDUSTRIAL USES
Industrial Service	General industrial services	See Schedule "B"	1 rack
Industrial Service	Research laboratory	1 per each 500 sf	1 rack
Manufacturing and Production	Manufacturing, heavy	See Schedule "B"	1 rack
Manufacturing and Production	Manufacturing, light	See Schedule "B"	1 rack
Manufacturing and Production	Prototype process and production plants	1 per each 500 sf	1 rack
Manufacturing and Production	Brewery, distillery, or winery with a tasting room or restaurant	1 per 100 SF for indoor and outdoor tasting room or restaurant areas.	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Manufacturing and Production	Brewery, distillery, or winery without a tasting room or restaurant	1 per 5000 SF for production areas and indoor storage area.	1 rack, or 1 rack per 100 auto spaces*
Manufacturing and Production	Resource extraction	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Telecommunications Facilities	Antenna, co-location on existing tower	None	N/A
Telecommunications Facilities	Concealed (stealth) antennae and towers	None	N/A
Telecommunications Facilities	Other building mounted antennae and towers	None	N/A
Telecommunications Facilities	Other freestanding towers	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Warehouse and Freight Movement	Mini-storage	1 per each 5,000 sf + 2 loading spaces	N/A
Warehouse and Freight Movement	Outdoor storage	See Schedule "B"	N/A
Warehouse and Freight Movement	Railroad stations and yards	See Schedule "C"	N/A
Warehouse and Freight Movement	Warehousing and distribution establishment	See Schedule "B"	N/A
Warehouse and Freight Movement	Wholesale establishment	See Schedule "B"	N/A
Waste-Related Uses	Recycling and salvage operations	1 per each 300 sf + 1 per each 10,000 sf of gross yard area	N/A

 

   *whichever number is greater

         (2)   Schedule "B"

            Uses subject to off-street parking schedule "B" shall provide the following minimum number of off-street parking spaces:

TABLE 7.8-2: OFF-STREET PARKING SCHEDULE "B"
Activity	Number of Spaces Required
Office or administrative area	1 per 300 square feet
Indoor sales area	1 per 200 square feet
Outdoor sales or display area (3,000 square feet or less)	1 per 750 square feet
Outdoor sales or display area (over 3,000 square feet)	1 per 1,000 square feet
Cluster box unit - mailbox
0-20 mailboxes	0
21-60 mailboxes	2
61-80 mailboxes	3
81-100 mailboxes	4
101 mailboxes or more	4 plus 1 per each additional 50 mailboxes or portion thereof above 100
Indoor storage/warehousing/vehicle service/manufacturing area:
1-3,000 square feet	1 per 250 square feet
3,001-5,000 square feet	1 per 500 square feet
5,001-10,000 square feet	1 per 750 square feet
10,001+ square feet	1 per 1,250 square feet

 

         (3)   Schedule "C"

            Uses that reference Schedule "C" have widely varying parking and loading demand characteristics, making it impossible to specify a single off-street parking or loading standard. Upon receiving a development application for a use subject to "Schedule C" standards, the Planning Director shall apply the off-street parking and loading standard specified for the listed use that is deemed most similar to the proposed use or establish minimum off-street parking requirements on the basis of a parking and loading study prepared by the applicant. Such a study shall include estimates of parking demand based on recommendations of the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE), or other acceptable estimates as approved by the Planning Director, and should include other reliable data collected from uses or combinations of uses that are the same as or comparable with the proposed use. Comparability will be determined by density, scale, bulk, area, type of activity, and location. The study shall document the source of data used to develop the recommendations.

         (4)   Standards for Bicycle Parking

            Consistent with the recommendations of the Comprehensive Transportation Plan, developments shall provide appropriate bicycle amenities to encourage cycling. Acceptable rack elements, rack location and access, rack area and site conditions such as protection from the elements and visibility shall conform to the Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals Bicycle Parking Guidelines adopted in spring of 2002. The guidelines are available at http://www.bicyclinginfo.org. Should a topographical or other site constraint create a situation in which the bicycle parking requirements require reduction, modification, or deletion, the Planning Department Director will have the ability to approve such changes.

         (5)   Bicycle Related Signage

            Signs restricting bicycle travel in vehicular areas at retail sites will be prohibited.

      (E)   Stacking Spaces for Drive-Through Uses

         (1)   In addition to meeting the off-street parking requirements of this section, drive-through facilities specified in Table 7.8-3 shall comply with the following minimum stacking space standards:

TABLE 7.8-3: SCHEDULE OF STACKING SPACES
Type of Use	Minimum Stacking Spaces	Measured From
Bank, teller lane	4	Teller window
Bank, ATM	3	Teller machine
Restaurant, with drive through	8	Order box*
Car Wash, automatic	6	Bay entrance
Car Wash, self-service	3	Bay entrance
Car Wash, full service	4	Bay entrance
Auto Service Station, gas pump island	30 feet from each end of island
Unlisted	**

 

      *A minimum 4-vehicle queue shall be provided from the order box to the pick-up window.

      **Requirements for uses not specifically listed may be determined by the Planning Director based upon the requirements for comparable uses and upon the particular characteristics of the use. Alternately, the applicant may submit a parking demand study per 7.8.2 (C)(9).

      (F)   Handicapped Parking Requirements

         (1)   Residential Uses

            Handicapped-accessible parking for residential uses shall be provided at the rate of one (1) space per each dwelling unit that is designed for occupancy by the handicapped.

         (2)   Non-Residential Uses

            Handicapped-accessible parking spaces shall be provided for uses other than residential, at the rate shown in Table 7.8-4 below:

TABLE 7.8-4: HANDICAPPED PARKING FOR NON-RESIDENTIAL USES
Total Number of Required Parking Spaces	Number of Required Handicapped Spaces
1-25	1
26-50	2
51-75	3
76-100	4
101-150	5
151-200	6
201-300	7
301-400	8
401-500	9
501-1,000	2 percent of total spaces
Above 1,000	20 spaces, plus one space for each 100 over 1,000 spaces or fraction thereof.

 

         (3)   Relationship to General Off-Street Parking Requirements

            Handicapped parking required by this section shall count towards the fulfillment of the general off-street parking requirements of this section.

         (4)   Compliance with North Carolina Building Code

            In addition to meeting the requirements of this Section, all handicapped parking shall comply with the NC State Building Code Volume 1C (as amended); but the more restrictive of the two (2) shall apply.

      (G)   Design and Location of Parking Areas/Stacking Spaces

         (1)   All parking areas shall be located and designed so as to avoid undue interference with the use of public streets and alleys. Parking areas shall provide suitable maneuvering room so that all vehicles may enter an abutting street in a forward direction. The backing of a motor vehicle onto a public street from a parking area shall be prohibited, except for residential parking. The Director of Transportation and Facilities may allow parking on public streets within the Town Center, and Mixed Use Overlay Districts provided that the design is consistent with the Site Design Standards or other applicable policies and plans and does not create a safety issue. Pedestrian pathways shall be provided within parking areas in accordance with Section 7.10.4 of this ordinance and consistent with the Site Design Standards.

         (2)   All parking areas shall be designed, constructed, and drained in accordance with the Town's Standard Specifications and Details Manual .

         (3)   Parking facilities shall be continually maintained in compliance with the approved development plan and shall be free of litter and debris at all times.

         (4)   Each parking area shall meet all applicable landscaping, screening, and buffering requirements set forth in Section 7.2 of this Ordinance.

         (5)   All parking areas shall be separated at least ten (10) feet from buildings, in order to allow room for sidewalks, landscaping, and other plantings between the building and the parking area. This separation may be eliminated in the rear of buildings in areas designed for unloading and loading of materials; this applies primarily to industrial and warehousing buildings.

         (6)   The visibility of parking areas shall be reduced by placing at least thirty (30) percent of the parking to the rear or side of buildings for all non-residential developments greater than five (5) acres. An alternative to this requirement is to screen the parking from the public roadway with a Type A streetscape and/or berm. No parking is allowed between non-residential buildings and the right-of-way for individual buildings located on sites at the intersection of thoroughfares and/or collectors designated on the Cary Comprehensive Transportation Plan unless the building floor elevation is ten (10) feet or more below the grade of the adjacent roadway.

         (7)   [Reserved]

         (8)   For residential uses requiring designated visitor parking and consisting of more than one (1) building, the total number of required visitor parking spaces shall be provided in small groups evenly dispersed throughout the entire site.

         (9)   Each parking pod/bay shall not exceed two hundred (200) spaces without being separated by streets, primary travel ways, and/or pedestrian plazas (see Site Design Standards for examples and additional guidance). Exceptions can be made by the Planning Director for single tenant spaces forty thousand (40,000) square feet and over.

         (10)   Parking in front of main building entrances along private streets and/or primary travel ways is required with the exception of those areas used for loading and unloading, fire lanes, outdoor display of merchandise, and pedestrian access from the main entrance to parking areas. Parking on public streets may be provided if approved by the Transportation and Facilities and Planning Directors, and depending on anticipated vehicular speeds, traffic volumes, pedestrian conflicts, and the particular design and geometry of parking. The intent of these streets is to provide the primary circulation network through and within a development.

      (H)   Reduction in Number of Required off-street parking spaces

         (1)   As part of the review and approval of any procedure set forth in Chapter 3, the Planning Director may approve a reduction of up to fifteen (15) percent in the number of designated parking spaces only if the reduced number of parking spaces will be sufficient to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use, based on the nature of the use, the number of trips generated by the use, the times of day when the use generates the most trips, and the extent to which other establishments are located on the same property and may reduce the number of vehicle trips required between different establishments.

         (2)   As part of the review and approval of any procedure set forth in Chapter 3, the Zoning Board of Adjustment may allow the following reductions. Review of a parking reduction request does not change the applicable approval authority for the development plan as a whole. Any request for parking reduction in excess of the reductions permitted here shall be processed as a variance request (Section 3.20).

            (a)   The Zoning Board of Adjustment may allow a reduction of up to thirty (30) percent in the number of designated parking spaces upon holding a quasi-judicial hearing and finding that the such reduced number advances the goals and purposes of the Ordinance and will be sufficient to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use, based on the nature of the use, the number of trips generated, the times of day when the use generates the most trips, and the extent to which other establishments are located on the same property and may reduce the number of vehicle trips required between different establishments.

            (b)   The Zoning Board of Adjustment may allow a reduction of up to fifty (50) percent in the number of designated parking spaces for a development in the Town Center (TC) zoning district upon holding a quasi-judicial hearing and finding that such reduced number advances the goals and purposes of the Ordinance and will be sufficient to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use, based on the following:

               1.   Nature of the use;

               2.   The number of trips generated;

               3.   The times of day when the use generates the most trips;

               4.   The extent to which other establishments are located on the same property and may reduce the number of vehicle trips required between different establishments; and

               5.   The availability of nearby on-street spaces or public parking facilities.

         (3)   In cases where no development plan is required, or where a previously approved plan remains in effect for the property, the Planning Director may grant a reduction of up to fifteen (15) percent of the requirements of subsection 7.8.2(D) above only if the reduced number of parking spaces will be sufficient to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use, based on the nature of the use, the number of trips generated by the use, the times of day when the use generates the most trips, and the extent to which other establishments are located on the same property and may reduce the number of vehicle trips required between different establishments.

      (I)   Violation Resolution

         In cases where no plan previously approved remains in effect for the property, the Planning Director may grant reductions from the requirements of subsection 7.8.2(D) above only upon finding that the reduced number of parking spaces will be sufficient to satisfy the demand for parking expected for the use, based on the nature of the use, the number of trips generated by the use, the times of day when the use generates the most trips, and the extent to which other establishments are located on the same property and may reduce the number of vehicle trips required between different establishments. This section shall apply only when reducing the required number of parking spaces is necessary to resolve a violation of this Ordinance or of the previously approved plan.