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For the purpose of this subchapter, the following definitions apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
AIR GAP. The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood-level rim of the receptacle.
APPROVED. Accepted by the Municipal Water and Sewer Department as meeting an application specification stated or cited in this subchapter, or as suitable for the proposed use.
AUXILIARY SUPPLY. Any water source or system other than the potable water supply that may be available in the building or premises.
BACK-SIPHONAGE. Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the distributing pipes of a potable water supply.
BACKFLOW. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source or sources other than its intended source. Back-siphonage is one type of BACKFLOW.
BACKFLOW PREVENTER. A device or means to prevent backflow.
CHECK VALVE. A self-closing device which is designed to permit the flow of fluids in one direction and to close if there is a reversal of flow.
CROSS-CONNECTION. Any physical connection between a potable water supply and any unapproved source or system through which backflow can occur. Furthermore, it is any potable water supply outlet which is submerged or can be submerged in wastewater and/or any other source of contamination. See definitions of BACKFLOW and BACK-SIPHONAGE.
DRAIN. Any pipe that carries wastewater or waterborne wastes in a building drainage system.
FIXTURE, PLUMBING. Installed receptacles, devices, or appliances supplied with water or that receive or discharge liquids or liquid-borne wastes.
FLOOD-LEVEL RIM. The edge of the receptacle from which water overflows.
HAZARD, HEALTH.
(1) Any conditions, devices, or practices in the water supply system and its operation which create, or, in the judgment of the Public Works Manager, may create, a danger to the health and well-being of the water consumer.
(2) An example of a HEALTH HAZARD is a structural defect in the water supply system, whether of location, design, or construction, that regularly or occasionally may prevent satisfactory treatment of the water supply or cause it to be polluted from extraneous sources.
HAZARD, PLUMBING. Any arrangement of plumbing including piping and fixtures whereby a cross-connection is created.
HYDROPNEUMATIC TANK. A pressure vessel in which air pressure acts upon the surface of the water contained within the vessel, pressurizing the water distribution piping connected to the vessel.
MANAGER. The Public Works Manager of the village.
OUTLET. The open end of the water supply pipe through which the water is discharged into the plumbing fixture.
PLUMBING SYSTEM. Includes the water supply and distribution pipes, plumbing fixtures, and traps; soil, waste, and vent pipes; building drains and building sewers, including their respective connections, devices, and appurtenances within the property lines of the premises; and water-treating or water-using equipment.
POLLUTION. The presence of any foreign substance (organic, inorganic, radiological, or biological) in water that tends to degrade its quality so as to constitute a hazard or impair the usefulness of the water.
REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE BACKFLOW PREVENTER. An assembly of differential valves and check valves, including an automatically opened spillage port to the atmosphere designed to prevent backflow.
SURGE TANK. The receiving, nonpressure vessel forming part of the air gap separation between a potable and an auxiliary supply.
VACUUM. Any pressure less than that exerted by the atmosphere.
VACUUM BREAKER, NONPRESSURE TYPE. A vacuum breaker designed so as not to be subjected to static line pressure.
VACUUM BREAKER, PRESSURE TYPE. A vacuum breaker designed to operate under conditions of static line pressure.
WATER AND SEWER DEPARTMENT. The Village Water and Sewer Department.
WATER, NONPOTABLE. Water that is not safe for human consumption or that is of questionable potability.
WATER, POTABLE. Water free from contaminants in amounts sufficient to cause disease or harmful physiological effects. Its bacteriological and chemical quality shall conform to the requirements of the federal and state drinking water regulations and to any regulations of the public health authority having local jurisdiction.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-1) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982)
(A) Responsibility of Manager.
(1) The Public Works Manager, or his or her designated agent, shall inspect the plumbing in every building or premises in the village as frequently as, in his or her judgment, may be necessary to ensure that such plumbing has been installed in such a manner as to prevent the possibility of pollution of the water supply of the village by the plumbing.
(2) The said Manager shall notify or cause to be notified in writing the owner or authorized agent of the owner of any such building or premises, to correct, within a reasonable time set by the said Manager, any plumbing installed or existing contrary to or in violation of this chapter, and which, in his or her judgment, may therefore permit the pollution of the village water supply, or otherwise adversely affect the public health.
(B) Inspection; right of entry.
(1) The Public Works Manager, or his or her designated agent, shall have the right of entry into any building, during reasonable hours, for the purpose of making inspection of the plumbing systems installed in such building or premises; provided, that with respect to the inspection of any single-family dwelling, consent to such inspection shall first be obtained from a person of suitable age and discretion therein or in control thereof.
(2) Consistent refusal to allow inspection of a specific dwelling may be cause for requiring installation of suitable backflow protection or discontinuation of potable water service.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-2) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982)
(A) General. A potable water supply system shall be designed, installed, and maintained in such manner as to prevent contamination from nonpotable liquids, solids, or gases from being introduced into the potable water supply through cross-connections or any other piping connections to the system.
(B) Cross-connections prohibited. Cross-connections between potable water systems and other systems or equipment containing water or other substances of unknown or questionable quality are prohibited except when and where, as approved by the Municipal Water and Sewer Department, suitable protective devices such as the reduced pressure zone backflow preventer or equal are installed, tested, and maintained to ensure proper operation on a continuing basis.
(C) Interconnections. Interconnection between two or more public water supplies shall be permitted only with the approval of the state authority having jurisdiction.
(D) Auxiliary supply. When an auxiliary supply of water is used in addition to the potable water supply, exposed auxiliary supply and potable water supply piping shall be identified by distinguishing colors or tags and so maintained that each pipe may be traced readily in its entirety.
(E) Individual water supplies. Cross-connections between an individual water supply and a potable public supply shall not be made unless specifically approved by the Municipal Water and Sewer Department.
(F) Connections to boilers. Potable water connections to boilers shall be made through an air gap or provided with an approved backflow preventer.
(G) Prohibited connections to fixtures and equipment.
(1) Connection to the potable water supply system is prohibited unless protected against backflow in accordance with § 50.38, or as set out herein.
(2) Examples of fixtures and equipment from which the potable water supply system must be protected include:
(a) Bidets;
(b) Operating, dissection, embalming, and mortuary tables or similar equipment. In such installation, the hose used for water supply shall terminate at least 12 inches away from every point of the table or attachments;
(c) Pumps for nonpotable water, chemicals, or other substances. Priming connections may be made only through an air gap; and
(d) Building drainage, sewer, or vent systems.
(H) Refrigerating unit condensers and cooling jackets.
(1) Except where potable water provided for a refrigerator condenser or cooling jacket is entirely outside the piping or tank containing the toxic refrigerant, the inlet connection shall be provided with an approved check valve.
(2) Also adjacent to and at the outlet side of the check valve, an approved pressure relief valve set to relieve at five psi above the maximum water pressure at the point of installation shall be provided if the refrigeration units contain more than 20 pounds of refrigerants.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-3) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982) Penalty, see § 50.99
(A) Water outlets. A potable water system shall be protected against backflow and back-siphonage by providing and maintaining at each outlet:
(1) An air gap, as specified in division (B) below, between the potable water outlet and the flood-level rim of the fixture it supplies or between the outlet and any other source of contamination; or
(2) An approved device or means to prevent backflow.
(B) Minimum required air gap.
(1) Measuring method. The minimum required air gap shall be measured vertically from the lowest end of a potable water outlet to the flood rim or line of the fixture or receptacle into which it discharges.
(2) Size. The minimum required air gap shall be twice the effective opening of a potable water outlet unless the outlet is a distance less than three times the effective opening away from a wall or similar vertical surface, in which cases, the minimum required air gap shall be three times the effective opening of the outlet. In no case shall the minimum required air gap be less than as specified hereinafter in § 50.40(A).
(C) Installation of devices.
(1) Nonpressure type vacuum breakers.
(a) Atmospheric vacuum breakers shall be installed with the critical level at least six inches above the flood-level rim of the fixture they serve and on the discharge side of the last control valve to the fixture. No shutoff valve or faucet shall be installed beyond the vacuum breaker.
(b) For closed equipment or vessels such as pressure sterilizers, the top of the vessel shall be treated as the flood-level rim, but a check valve shall be installed on the discharge side of the vacuum breaker.
(2) Reduced pressure principle backflow preventer. A reduced pressure principle type backflow preventer may be installed subject to full static pressure.
(3) Devices of all types. Backflow and back-siphonage preventing devices shall be accessibly located, preferably in the same room with the fixture they serve. Installation in utility or service spaces, provided they are readily accessible, is also permitted.
(D) Tanks and vats; below rim supply.
(1) Where a potable water outlet terminates below the rim of a tank or vat and the tank or vat has an diameter of overflow not less than that given in the table set out in § 50.40(B), the overflow pipe shall be provided with an air gap as close to the tank as possible.
(2) (a) The potable water outlet to the tank or vat shall terminate a distance not less than one and one-half times the height to which water can rise in the tank above the top of the overflow.
(b) This level shall be established at the maximum flow rate of the supply to the tank or vat and with all outlets except the air gap overflow outlet closed.
(c) The distance from the outlet to the high water level shall be measured from the critical point of the potable water supply out.
(E) Protective devices required. Approved devices to protect against backflow and back-siphonage shall be installed at all fixtures and equipment where backflow and/or back-siphonage may occur and, where a minimum air gap cannot be provided, between the water outlet to the fixture or equipment and its flood-level rim.
(1) Connections not subject to backpressure. Where a water connection is not subject to backpressure, a vacuum breaker shall be installed on the discharge side of the last valve on the line serving the fixture or equipment.
(2) Connections subject to backpressure. Where a potable water connection is made to a line, fixture, tank, vat, pump, or other equipment with a hazard of backflow or back-siphonage where the water connection is subject to backpressure, and an air gap cannot be installed, the Manager will require adequate protection, which may include the use of an approved reduced pressure principle backflow preventer.
(F) Low pressure cutoff required on booster pumps. When a booster pump is used on a water pressure booster system and the possibility exists that a positive pressure of less than 20 psi may occur on the suction side of the pump, there shall be installed a low pressure cutoff on the booster pump to prevent the creation of a vacuum or negative pressure on the suction side of the pump, thus cutting off water to other outlets.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-4) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982) Penalty, see § 50.99
(A) General requirements. It shall be the responsibility of building and premises owners to maintain all backflow preventers and vacuum breakers within the building or on the premises in good working order and to make no piping or other arrangements for the purpose of bypassing backflow devices.
(B) Backflow preventers.
(1) (a) Periodic testing and inspection schedules shall be established by the Manager for all backflow preventers and the interval between such testing and inspections and overhauls of each device shall be established in accordance with the age and condition of the device.
(b) Inspection intervals shall not exceed one year, and overhaul intervals shall not exceed five years.
(2) (a) These devices shall be inspected frequently after the initial installation to assure that they have been installed properly and that debris resulting from the installation has not interfered with the functioning of the device.
(b) The testing procedures shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions when approved by the Manager.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-5) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982) Penalty, see § 50.99
(A) Table specifying minimum air gaps for generally used plumbing fixtures.
Minimum Air Gap
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Fixture | When Not Affected by Near Wall (Inches)* | When Affected by Near Wall (Inches)** |
Minimum Air Gap
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Fixture | When Not Affected by Near Wall (Inches)* | When Affected by Near Wall (Inches)** |
Drinking water fountains, single orifice 0.437-inch diameter or multiple orifices having total area of 0.150 square inch (area of 0.437-inch diameter) | 1 | 1.5 |
Effective openings greater than one inch | (See notes to table)*** | (See notes to table)**** |
Lavatories and other fixtures with effective openings not greater than one-half inch diameter | 1 | 1.5 |
Over-rim bath fillers and other fixtures with effective openings not greater than one-inch diameter | 2 | 3 |
Sinks, laundry trays, goose-neck bath faucets, and other fixtures with effective openings not greater than three-fourths inch diameter | 1.5 | 2.25 |
Notes to table: * Side walls, ribs, or similar obstructions do not affect air gaps when spaced from inside edge of spout opening a distance greater than three times the diameter of the effective opening for a single wall, or a distance greater than four times the diameter of the effective opening for two intersecting walls. ** Vertical walls, ribs, or similar obstructions extending from the water surface to or above the horizontal plane of the spout opening require a greater air gap when spaced closer to the nearest inside edge of spout opening than specified in Note 1 above. The effect of three or more such vertical walls or ribs has not been determined. In such cases, the air gap shall be measured from the top of the wall. *** Two times the diameter of effective opening. **** Three times the diameter of effective opening. | ||
(B) Table specifying the maximum capacity of the water supply line to the tank.
Maximum Capacity of Water Supply Line to Tank
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Diameter of Overflow Pipe (Inches ID)
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Maximum Capacity of Water Supply Line to Tank
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Diameter of Overflow Pipe (Inches ID)
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0-50 gpm | 2 |
50-100 gpm | 2.5 |
100-200 gpm | 3 |
200-400 gpm | 4 |
400-700 gpm | 5 |
700-1,000 gpm | 6 |
Over 1,000 gpm | 8 |
(Prior Code, § 8-4-6) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1982) Penalty, see § 50.99
(A) Notify owner. The Manager shall notify the owner, or the authorized agent of the owner, of the building or premises in which there is found a violation of this subchapter of such violation.
(B) Set time for correction of violation. The Manager shall set a reasonable time for the owner to have the violation removed or corrected. The time set shall be contingent upon the degree of hazard involved and include the time required to obtain and install equipment.
(C) Village approval required. The owner shall obtain written approval from the Village Water and Sewer Department of any proposed corrective action or protective device before proceeding with such corrective action or installing and using any protective device.
(D) Failure to correct defect. Upon failure of the owner to have the defect corrected by the end of the specified time, the Manager may, if, in his or her judgment, an imminent health hazard exists, cause the water service to the building or premises to be terminated, and/or recommend such additional fines or penalties to be invoked as herein may be provided.
(Prior Code, § 8-4-7) (Ord. 428, passed 7-1-1982) Penalty, see § 50.99
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