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(a) No person shall knowingly do any of the following:
(1) Hamper the lawful operations of any law enforcement officer, firefighter, rescuer, medical person, emergency medical services person or other authorized person engaged in the person’s duties at the scene of a fire, accident, disaster, riot or emergency of any kind;
(2) Hamper the lawful activities of any emergency facility person who is engaged in the person’s duties in an emergency facility; or
(3) Fail to obey the lawful order of any law enforcement officer engaged in the law enforcement officer’s duties at the scene of or in connection with a fire, accident, disaster, riot or emergency of any kind.
(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit access or deny information to any news media representative in the lawful exercise of the news media representative’s duties.
(c) Whoever violates this section is guilty of misconduct at an emergency. Except as otherwise provided in this division (c), misconduct at an emergency is a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If violation of this section creates a risk of physical harm to persons or property, misconduct at an emergency is a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(d) For the purpose of this section, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
(1) EMERGENCY FACILITY. Has the same meaning as in R.C. § 2909.04.
(2) EMERGENCY FACILITY PERSON. The singular of EMERGENCY FACILITY PERSONNEL as defined in R.C. § 2909.04.
(3) EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PERSON. The singular of EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PERSONNEL as defined in R.C. § 2133.21.
(R.C. § 2917.13)
(a) No person shall cause the evacuation of any public place, or otherwise cause serious public inconvenience or alarm, by doing any of the following:
(1) Initiating or circulating a report or warning of an alleged or impending fire, explosion, crime or other catastrophe, knowing that the report or warning is false;
(2) Threatening to commit any offense of violence; or
(3) Committing any offense, with reckless disregard of the likelihood that its commission will cause serious public inconvenience or alarm.
(b) Division (a)(1) of this section does not apply to any person conducting an authorized fire or emergency drill.
(c) (1) Whoever violates this section is guilty of inducing panic.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in division (c)(3), inducing panic is a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(3) If a violation of this section results in physical harm to any person, inducing panic is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law. If a violation of this section results in economic harm of $1,000 or more, inducing panic is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law. If the public place involved in a violation of division (a)(1) is a school or an institution of higher education, inducing panic is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law. If a violation of this section pertains to a purported, threatened or actual use of a weapon of mass destruction, inducing panic is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law.
(d) (1) It is not a defense to a charge under this section that pertains to a purported or threatened use of a weapon of mass destruction that the offender did not possess or have the ability to use a weapon of mass destruction or that what was represented to be a weapon of mass destruction was not a weapon of mass destruction.
(2) Any act that is a violation of this section and any other section of the Ohio Revised Code or these Codified Ordinances may be prosecuted under this section, the other section, or both sections.
(e) For the purpose of this section, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
(1) BIOLOGICAL AGENT. Has the same meaning as in R.C. § 2917.33.
(2) ECONOMIC HARM. Any of the following:
A. All direct, incidental and consequential pecuniary harm suffered by a victim as a result of the criminal conduct.
ECONOMIC HARM as described in this division (e) includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:
1. All wages, salaries or other compensation lost as a result of the criminal conduct;
2. The cost of all wages, salaries or other compensation paid to employees for time those employees are prevented from working as a result of the criminal conduct;
3. The overhead costs incurred from the time that a business is shut down as a result of the criminal conduct; and
4. The loss of value to tangible or intangible property that was damaged as a result of the criminal conduct.
B. All costs incurred by the state or any political subdivision as a result of, or in making any response to, the criminal conduct that constituted the violation of this section or R.C. § 2917.32, or any substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, including, but not limited to, all costs so incurred by any law enforcement officers, firefighters, rescue personnel or emergency medical services personnel of the state or the political subdivision.
(3) EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PERSONNEL. Has the same meaning as in R.C. § 2133.21.
(4) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION. Any of the following:
A. A state university or college as defined in R.C. § 3345.12(A)(1), community college, state community college, university branch or technical college;
B. A private, nonprofit college, university or other post-secondary institution located in this state that possesses a certificate of authorization issued by the Chancellor of Higher Education pursuant to R.C. Chapter 1713;
C. A post-secondary institution with a certificate of registration issued by the State Board of Career Colleges and Schools pursuant to R.C. Chapter 3332.
(5) SCHOOL. Any school operated by a board of education or any school for which the Director of Education and Workforce prescribes minimum standards under R.C. § 3301.07, whether or not any instruction, extracurricular activities or training provided by the school is being conducted at the time a violation of this section is committed.
(6) WEAPON OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Any of the following:
A. Any weapon that is designed or intended to cause death or serious physical harm through the release, dissemination or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals, or other precursors;
B. Any weapon involving a disease organism or biological agent;
C. Any weapon that is designed to release radiation or radioactivity at a level dangerous to human life; and
D. Any of the following, except to the extent that the item or device in question is expressly excepted from the definition of
DESTRUCTIVE DEVICE pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(4) and regulations issued under that section:
1. Any explosive, incendiary or poison gas bomb, grenade, rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces, missile having an explosive or incendiary charge of more than one-quarter ounce, mine or similar device;
2. Any combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting any item or device into any item or device described in division (e)(6)D.1. of this definition and from which an item or device described in that division may be readily assembled.
(R.C. § 2917.31)
(a) No person shall do any of the following:
(1) Initiate or circulate a report or warning of an alleged or impending fire, explosion, crime or other catastrophe, knowing that the report or warning is false and likely to cause public inconvenience or alarm;
(2) Knowingly cause a false alarm of fire or other emergency to be transmitted to or within any organization, public or private, for dealing with emergencies involving a risk of physical harm to persons or property;
(3) Report to any law enforcement agency an alleged offense or other incident within its concern, knowing that the offense did not occur; or
(4) Initiate or circulate a report or warning of an alleged or impending fire, explosion, crime, or other catastrophe, knowing that the report or warning is false and likely to impede the operation of a critical infrastructure facility.
(b) This section does not apply to any person conducting an authorized fire or emergency drill.
(c) Whoever violates this section is guilty of making false alarms. Except as otherwise provided in this division (c), making false alarms is a misdemeanor of the first degree. If a violation of this section results in economic harm of $1,000 or more, making false alarms is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law. If a violation of this section pertains to a purported, threatened or actual use of a weapon of mass destruction, making false alarms is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law.
(d) (1) It is not a defense to a charge under this section that pertains to a purported or threatened use of a weapon of mass destruction that the offender did not possess or have the ability to use a weapon of mass destruction or that what was represented to be a weapon of mass destruction was not a weapon of mass destruction.
(2) Any act that is a violation of this section and any other section of the Ohio Revised Code or these Codified Ordinances may be prosecuted under this section, the other section, or both sections.
(e) As used in this section:
(1) CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITY. Has the same meaning as in R.C. § 2911.21.
(2) ECONOMIC HARM and WEAPON OF MASS DESTRUCTION. Have the same meaning as in R.C. § 2917.31.
(R.C. § 2917.32)
(a) No person shall disturb the good order and quiet of the city by clamors or noises in the night season, by intoxication, drunkenness, fighting, quarreling, wrangling, committing assault, assault and battery, using obscene or profane language in the streets and other public places to the annoyance of the citizens, or otherwise violating the public peace by indecent and disorderly conduct, or by lewd and lascivious behavior, or by threatening or inflicting violence or abuse to the person or property of others.
(b) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.
(1964 Code, § 509.08)
(a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
(1) SHOPPING CENTER. Any combination of retail stores and services contained within one or more buildings which are located on one or more parcels of land united to form a general shopping center site and upon which site there are located public areas for the nonexclusive use of members of the general public and occupants, visitors and customers of such retail stores and services.
(2) PUBLIC PORTIONS OF A SHOPPING CENTER. The ingress and egress to the shopping center, areas designated by the shopping center owner for off-street parking of automotive or other vehicles, driveways, sidewalks, malls, arcades, service areas and entranceways into stores and buildings.
(1964 Code, § 507.01)
(b) Motor vehicles. No person shall, on the public portions of a shopping center, race the motor of any motor vehicle, needlessly bring to a sudden start or stop any motor vehicle, blow any horn of any motor vehicle needlessly, or engage in any race with another vehicle, so as to create a nuisance or a disturbance so as to annoy or endanger any person or other vehicle lawfully on the public portions of the shopping center.
(1964 Code, § 507.02)
(c) Personal misconduct. The following acts or conduct of any person on the public portions of any shopping center are hereby declared to be unlawful:
(1) For any one person alone or for more than one person in concert with others to assemble or congregate on the public portions of the shopping center for the purpose of lingering or loitering in any manner which will obstruct, impede or interfere with the free passage of other pedestrians using such shopping center;
(2) In the presence or hearing of another person, to curse or abuse a person or use any violently abusive language to a person concerning him or her or any of his or her male or female relatives under circumstances reasonably calculated to provoke a breach of the peace;
(3) To use loud or vociferous language or obscene, vulgar or indecent language, to swear or curse or yell or shriek in a manner calculated to disturb another person or persons present upon the public portions of a shopping center; or
(4) To harass by any means, bother or injure any person on the public portions of the shopping center by making loud or indecent suggestions either by oral expression or physical act.
(1964 Code, § 507.03)
(d) Penalty. Whoever violates any of the provisions of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree.
(1964 Code, § 507.99)
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