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(A) For the purpose of this section, the following definitions shall apply:
LAWFULLY ISSUED. Adopted, issued, or rendered in accordance with the United States Constitution, the Constitution of a state, and the applicable statutes, rules, regulations and ordinances of the United States, a state, and the political subdivisions of a state.
POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS. Municipal corporations, townships, counties, school districts, and all other bodies corporate and politic that are organized under state law and are responsible for governmental activities only in geographical areas smaller than that of a state.
SHAM LEGAL PROCESS. An instrument that meets all of the following conditions:
(a) It is not lawfully issued.
(b) It purports to do any of the following:
1. To be a summons, subpoena, judgment, or order of a court, a law enforcement officer, or a legislative, executive or administrative body.
2. To assert jurisdiction over or determine the legal or equitable status, rights, duties, powers, or privileges of any person or property.
3. To require or authorize the search, seizure, indictment, arrest, trial, or sentencing of any person or property.
(c) It is designed to make another person believe that it is lawfully issued.
STATE. A state of the United States, including without limitation the state legislature, the highest court of the state that has statewide jurisdiction, the offices of all elected state officers, and all departments, boards, offices, commissions, agencies, institutions, and other instrumentalities of the state. STATE does not include the political subdivisions of the state.
(B) No person shall, knowing the sham legal process to be a sham legal process, do any of the following:
(1) Knowingly issue, display, deliver, distribute, or otherwise use sham legal process.
(2) Knowingly use sham legal process to arrest, detain, search or seize any person or the property of another person.
(3) Knowingly commit or facilitate the commission of an offense using sham legal process.
(4) Knowingly commit a felony by using sham legal process.
(C) It is an affirmative defense to a charge under division (B)(1) or (2) of this section that the use of sham legal process was for a lawful purpose.
(D) Whoever violates this section is guilty of using sham legal process. A violation of division (B)(1) of this section is a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. A violation of division (B)(2) or (B)(3) of this section is a misdemeanor of the first degree, except that if the purpose of a violation of division (B)(3) of this section is to commit or facilitate the commission of a felony, a violation of division (B)(3) of this section is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law. A violation of division (B)(4) of this section is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law.
(R.C. § 2921.52(A) - (D)) Penalty, see § 130.99
Statutory reference:
Civil liability, see R.C. § 2921.52(E)
A person guilty of any of the following acts may be punished for contempt:
(A) Disobedience of, or resistance to, a lawful writ, process, order, rule, judgment, or command of a court or officer;
(B) Misbehavior of an officer of the court in the performance of official duties, or in official transactions;
(C) A failure to obey a subpoena duly served, or a refusal to be sworn or to answer as a witness, when lawfully required;
(D) The rescue or attempted rescue of a person or of property in the custody of an officer by virtue of an order or process of court held by the officer;
(E) A failure upon the part of a person recognized to appear as a witness in a court to appear in compliance with the terms of the person's recognizance;
(F) A failure to comply with an order issued pursuant to R.C. § 3109.19 or 3111.81;
(G) A failure to obey a subpoena issued by the Department of Job and Family Services or a child support enforcement agency pursuant to R.C. § 5101.37;
(H) A willful failure to submit to genetic testing, or a willful failure to submit a child to genetic testing, as required by an order for genetic testing issued under R.C. § 3111.41.
(R.C. § 2705.02)
(I) Whoever violates this section may be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned not more than ten days or both.
(‘67 Code, § 135.06) (Ord. 2-1987, passed 1-7-87)
If a person summoned to appear as provided in R.C. § 2935.10(B) fails to appear without just cause and personal service of the summons was had upon the person, he or she may be found guilty of contempt of court, and may be fined not to exceed $20 for such contempt. Upon failure to appear, the court or magistrate may forthwith issue a warrant for his or her arrest.
(R.C. § 2935.11) (‘67 Code, § 135.07)
(A) As used in this section,
9-1-1 SYSTEM
means a system through which individuals can request emergency service using the telephone number 9-1-1.
(R.C. § 128.01(A))
(B) No person shall knowingly use the telephone number of a 9-1-1 system established under R.C. Chapter 128 to report an emergency if the person knows that no emergency exists.
(C) No person shall knowingly use a 9-1-1 system for a purpose other than obtaining emergency service.
(D) No person shall disclose or use any information concerning telephone numbers, addresses, or names obtained from the database that serves the public safety answering point of a 9-1-1 system established under R.C. Chapter 128, except for any of the following purposes or under any of the following circumstances:
(1) For the purpose of the 9-1-1 system;
(2) For the purpose of responding to an emergency call to an emergency service provider;
(3) In the circumstance of the inadvertent disclosure of such information due solely to technology of the wireless telephone network portion of the 9-1-1 system not allowing access to the database to be restricted to 9-1-1 specific answering lines at a public safety answering point;
(4) In the circumstance of access to a database being given by a telephone company that is a wireless service provider to a public utility or municipal utility in handling customer calls in times of public emergency or service outages. The charge, terms, and conditions for the disclosure or use of such information for the purpose of such access to a database shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the Steering Committee;
(5) In the circumstance of access to a database given by a telephone company that is a wireline service provider to a state and local government in warning of a public emergency, as determined by the Steering Committee. The charge, terms and conditions for the disclosure or use of that information for the purpose of access to a database is subject to the jurisdiction of the Steering Committee.
(R.C. § 128.32(E) - (G))
(E) (1) Whoever violates division (B) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.
(2) Whoever violates division (C) or (D) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree on a first offense and a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law on each subsequent offense.
(R.C. § 128.99(A), (B))
(A) No person who is in a public place shall refuse to disclose the person's name, address, or date of birth, when requested by a law enforcement officer who reasonably suspects either of the following:
(1) The person is committing, has committed, or is about to commit a criminal offense.
(2) The person witnessed any of the following:
(a) An offense of violence that would constitute a felony under the laws of this state;
(b) A felony offense that causes or results in, or creates a substantial risk of, serious physical harm to another person or property;
(c) Any attempt or conspiracy to commit, or complicity in committing, any offenses identified in division (A)(2)(a) or (A)(2)(b) of this section;
(d) Any conduct reasonably indicating that any offense identified in division (A)(2)(a) or (A)(2)(b) of this section or any attempt, conspiracy, or complicity described in division (A)(2)(c) of this section has been, is being, or is about to be committed.
(B) Whoever violates division (A) of this section is guilty of failure to disclose one's personal information, a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.
(C) Nothing in division (A) of this section requires a person to answer any questions beyond that person's name, address, or date of birth. Nothing in division (A) of this section authorizes a law enforcement officer to arrest a person for not providing any information beyond the person's name, address, or date of birth or for refusing to describe the offense observed.
(D) It is not a violation of division (A) of this section to refuse to answer a question that would reveal a person's age or date of birth if age is an element of the crime that the person is suspected of committing.
(R.C. § 2921.29)
(E) No person entering an airport, train station, port, or other similar critical transportation infrastructure site shall refuse to show identification when requested by a law enforcement officer when there is a threat to security and the law enforcement officer is requiring identification of all persons entering the site.
(F) A law enforcement officer may prevent any person who refuses to show identification when asked under the circumstances described in division (E) of this section from entering the critical transportation infrastructure site.
(R.C. § 2909.31)
(A) As used in this section,
PEACE OFFICER has the same meaning as in R.C. § 2935.01.
(B) No person shall knowingly file a complaint against a peace officer that alleges that the peace officer engaged in misconduct in the performance of the officer's duties if the person knows that the allegation is false.
(C) Whoever violates division (B) of this section is guilty of making a false allegation of peace officer misconduct, a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(R.C. § 2921.15)