(a) General Requirements. All casing shall be made up and placed so as to be watertight throughout the depth used. When water is derived from rock formations, the casing shall extend sufficiently far into the rock as to be firmly seated on solid rock, plus a minimum of ten feet. Where screens are used, they shall be so placed as to expose all of the slotted area to the water-bearing formations and shall be securely sealed to the well casing as to be sandtight and the joint shall be made in accordance with good practice.
The well casing shall terminate at least twelve inches above the natural grade surface (preferably eighteen inches) and no well casing shall terminate in a pit, provided that this shall not apply to private wells where proper topographical conditions exist so as to permit a four-inch gravity flow drain, and where the pit walls and floor and ceiling are constructed so as to be waterproof and preclude entrance of ground or surface water. Separate structures which are constructed to house the water supply system and/or pumping equipment shall have an impervious floor, raintight walls and roof and adequate ventilation. The floors shall be six inches in thickness and shall be sloped away from the well casing with a slope of not less than one inch in eight feet. Where necessary, such structures shall be provided with an adequate drain. The well terminus shall be sealed with a sanitary seal, gasketed and protected from insects, or, if utilizing a pitless adaptor, shall use an approved pitless adaptor and terminus cap.
(b) Specifications and Classes of Drilled Wells. All drilled wells shall be cased and grouted in accordance with the following classifications. Grouting shall conform to Section 1040.15. No work shall be considered completed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter unless and until grouting is complete, and such shall be done within ten days after setting of the casing.
(1) Class I wells shall be cased and grouted to solid rock with a minimum casing and grout of 100 feet.
(2) Class II-A wells shall be cased to solid rock with a minimum casing of 100 feet and a minimum grout of twenty feet, and shall only be used where the formation encountered precludes the use of fifty feet of grout.
(3) Class II-B wells shall be cased and grouted to solid rock with a minimum casing and grouting of fifty feet.
(4) Class III wells shall be cased and grouted to solid rock with a minimum casing and grout of twenty feet or as required by the Health Department.
(c) Material Specifications.
(1) The minimum standard of quality for steel casing or wrought iron casing pipe shall conform to the requirements set forth in Table II, Appendix II, following this chapter. For percussion drilled wells, the casing pipe shall be assembled watertight by means of joints welded in accordance with approved practice or by correctly mated drive couplings. Those pipes (six, eight, ten and twelve-inch) marked with an asterisk in Table II, Appendix II, may be used for casing rotary drilled wells, where the casing does not have to be driven, and may be assembled watertight by means of joints welded in accordance with good practice or by correctly mated standard couplings.
(2) No secondhand or reclaimed pipe shall be used as protective casing in the permanent construction of a well.
(3) Well casing pipe shall be driven or installed so that there will be no adverse effect on water quality.
(d) Free Flowing Artesian Wells. Every artesian well that flows under natural artesian pressure shall be equipped with a valve which will shut off the flow completely or be plugged for permanent abandonment.
(1) The water well contractor completing such well shall be responsible for installation of a valve to control natural artesian flow or for other means of preventing waste of groundwater.
(2) Subsequent to construction, the well owner shall be responsible for maintenance of the valve or other means of preventing waste of groundwater.
(e) Applicability of Well Classes. Wells for the following uses shall, at minimum, be constructed to the following classifications, unless unique site and geological conditions approved by the Health Director prevent such construction.
(1) For private water supply systems, Class III on lots greater than three acres;
(2) For public individual water supply systems and private water supply systems constructed on lots three acres or less, Class II;
(3) For public multi-user water supply systems, Class I; and
(4) For public water supply systems regulated by ODW under §12VAC5-590, as determined by ODW.
(Ord. 88-14. Passed 9-19-88; Ord. 22-17. Passed 12-14-22.)