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§ 648.09 INCITING TO VIOLENCE.
   (a)   No person shall knowingly engage in conduct designed to urge or incite another to commit any offense of violence when either of the following apply:
      (1)   The conduct takes place under circumstances that create a clear and present danger that any offense of violence will be committed.
      (2)   The conduct proximately results in the commission of any offense of violence.
   (b)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of inciting to violence. If the offense of violence that the other person is being urged or incited to commit is a misdemeanor, inciting to violence is a misdemeanor of the first degree. If the offense of violence that the other person is being urged or incited to commit is a felony, inciting to violence is a felony to be prosecuted under appropriate state law.
(R.C. § 2917.01)
§ 648.10 CIVIL EMERGENCY.
   (a)   Definitions. As used in this section:
      (1)   "Civil emergency" means:
         A.   A tumult, riot, mob or body of people acting together with the intent to commit or facilitate the commission of a felony or a misdemeanor, to do or offer violence to person or property or, by force and violence, to break or resist the law.
         B.   Any natural disaster or man-made calamity, including flood, conflagration, cyclone, tornado, blizzard, earthquake or explosion within the corporate limits of the City, which results in the death or injury of any person or the destruction of property, or which substantially impairs the functioning of the City government to such an extent that extraordinary measures must be taken to protect the public health, safety and welfare.
      (2)   "Curfew" means a prohibition against any person walking, running, loitering, standing or motoring upon any alley, street, highway, public property or vacant premises within the corporate limits of the City, except persons officially designated to duty with reference to such civil emergency.
   (b)   Proclamation of civil emergency. When there is, in the opinion of the Mayor, a civil emergency, or a reasonable apprehension thereof, he is hereby authorized and directed to forthwith proclaim in writing the existence of such civil emergency and shall publish such proclamation by use of the newspapers and radio and television facilities of the City to the residents of the City.
   (c)   Authority to order curfew. When a state of emergency has been proclaimed, as provided in division (d) of this section, the Mayor may order, in addition to any other provisions of this chapter or of State law, a general curfew applicable to such geographic areas of the City, or to the City as a whole, and applicable to such age groups as the Mayor may specify, as he deems advisable and necessary, during such hours of the day or night as he deems necessary in the interests of the public safety and welfare.
(Ord. 232-68. Passed 9-12-68.)
   (d)   Authority to prohibit weapons.
      (1)   When a state of civil emergency has been proclaimed, as provided in division (b) of this section, the Mayor may order that no person shall carry on or about his person a pistol, rifle, shotgun, knife having a blade two and one-half inches in length or longer, knuckles, a billy club or other dangerous weapon.
      (2)   Such order shall be applicable to such geographic areas of the City, or to the City as a whole, as the Mayor may specify, as he deems advisable and necessary, during such hours of the day or night as he deems necessary in the interests of the public safety and welfare.
(Ord. 244-69. Passed 8-1-69.)
   (e)   Compliance with police orders.
      (1)   No person shall fail to obey any executive order issued pursuant to divisions (b) through (d) of this section and no person shall fail to obey the lawful order of any police officer or militiaman or other authorized person. No person shall in any way purposely or knowingly interfere with any person in the protection or preservation of life or property during the existence of a state of emergency as proclaimed according to the provisions of division (b) of this section.
      (2)   Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit access or deny information to any news media representative with proper identification in the legitimate exercise of his or her duties.
(Ord. 245-69. Passed 8-1-69.)
§ 648.11 LOITERING GENERALLY.
   (a)   No person shall loiter or prowl in any public or private place at a time, in a manner or under circumstances which warrant alarm for the safety of persons or security of property in the surrounding area.
   (b)   Without limitation, the following circumstances may be considered in determining whether such alarm is warranted:
      (1)   The flight of a person upon the appearance of a police officer;
      (2)   Attempted concealment by a person upon the appearance of a police officer; or
      (3)   The systematic checking by a person of doors, windows or other means of access to buildings, houses or vehicles.
   (c)   Unless flight by the actor or other circumstances make it impracticable, a police officer shall, prior to any arrest for an offense under this section, afford the actor an opportunity to dispel any alarm which would otherwise be warranted, by requesting him to identify himself and explain his presence and conduct. No person shall be convicted of an offense under this section if the police officer did not comply with the preceding sentence, or if it appears at trial that the explanation given by the actor was true, and if believed by the police officer at the time, would have dispelled the alarm.
   (d)   For the purposes of this section, the following words and phrases shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them:
      (1)   "Loitering" includes the following activities: lingering, hanging around, delaying, sauntering and moving slowly about, where such conduct is not due to physical defects or conditions.
      (2)   "Private place" means and includes places privately owned but open to the public generally, such as shopping centers, retail stores, transportation terminals, movie theaters, office buildings, restaurants and all distinctly private places such as homes or private residences and apartment houses.
      (3)   "Public place" means and includes public streets and alleyways, public restrooms, public sidewalks, public parks, public buildings and Municipal airports.
       (4)   "Surrounding area" means that area easily and immediately accessible to the person under observation.
   (e)   Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.
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