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Whenever the off-street parking requirements in Section 1282.01 require the building of an off-street parking facility, such off-street parking lots shall be laid out, constructed and maintained in accordance with the following standards and regulations:
(a) No parking lot shall be constructed unless and until a permit therefor is issued by the Community Development Director. Applications for a permit shall be submitted to the Building Department in such form as may be determined by the Director and shall be accompanied with three sets of site plans for the development and construction of the parking lot showing that the provisions of this section will be fully complied with.
(b) Plans for the layout of off-street parking facilities shall be in accord with the following minimum requirements:
MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR SIZE OF PARKING AISLES AND DRIVEWAYS | ||||||
Parking Angle | Maneuvering Aisle Width | Parking Stall Width | Parking Stall Length | Total Width of Two Stalls of Parking Plus Maneuvering Aisle | ||
One Way | Two Way | One Way | Two Way | |||
0° parallel | 12 feet | 22 feet | 9 feet | 22 feet | 29 feet | 39 feet |
Up to 53° | 13 feet | 22 feet | 10 feet | 18 feet | 49 feet | 58 feet |
54° to 74° | 16 feet | 22 feet | 10 feet | 18 feet | 52 feet | 58 feet |
75° to 90° | 12 feet | 25 feet | 10 feet | 18 feet | 48 feet | 60 feet |
(c) All spaces shall be provided adequate access by means of maneuvering lanes. Backing directly onto a street shall be prohibited.
(d) Adequate ingress and egress to the parking lot by means of clearly limited and defined drives shall be provided for all vehicles.
Ingress and egress to a parking lot lying in an area zoned for other than single-family residential use shall not be across land zoned for single-family residential use.
(e) All maneuvering lane widths shall permit one-way traffic movement, except that the 90-degree pattern may permit two-way movement.
(f) Each entrance and exit to and from any off-street parking lot located in an area zoned for other than single-family residential use shall be at least 25 feet distant from adjacent property located in any Single-Family Residential District.
(g) The entire parking area, including parking spaces and maneuvering lanes, required under this section, shall be provided with asphaltic or concrete surfacing in accordance with specifications approved by the City Engineer. The parking area shall be surfaced within one year of the date the occupancy permit is issued.
Off-street parking areas shall be drained so as to dispose of all surface water accumulated in the parking area in such a way as to preclude drainage of water onto adjacent property or toward buildings.
(h) The Planning Commission may approve alternate parking lot surfaces which are dustless and which allow for storm water drainage directly through the parking surface or other similar surface.
(i) In order to reduce the amount of impervious surface and the corresponding storm water runoff and reduce heat given off by paved surfaces, the Planning Commission may approve alternate parking lot surfaces for overflow parking, or employee parking, or parking or maneuvering areas devoted to loading activities or parking for trucks or similar heavy equipment. Such surface may include but shall not be limited to gravel, crushed stone, or products which are installed in the ground to support vehicles but allow grass to grow within the supporting spaces or similar dustless material.
(j) Lighting fixtures used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be so arranged as to deflect the light away from any adjoining residential properties or streets and highways. Lighting fixtures for the parking lots serving non-residential uses which are located within 50 feet of any residentially zoned property or residential use shall not exceed 20 feet in height. All other fixtures shall not exceed 35 feet in height. Light fixtures shall be designed to achieve total luminary cutoff.
(k) In all cases where a wall extends to an alley which is a means of ingress and egress to an off-street parking area, it shall be permissible to end the wall not more than ten feet from such alley line in order to permit a wider means of access to the parking area.
(l) Traffic Islands. Parking areas shall be designed to delineate access aisles or drives and to provide drivers proper sight distance at the end of parking rows where such rows intersect access aisles or drives. The Planning Commission may require traffic islands, striped pavement or other methods to achieve this requirement.
(m) Pedestrian Protection. Parking lots shall be designed to limit the number of points where pedestrians must cross in front of vehicles. In particular, vehicle access in front of building entrances and exits should be minimized. Landscaped pedestrian walkways to and from parking areas may be required to enhance pedestrian safety.
(n) Screening of Parking Area. Where off-street parking areas for non-residential uses abut residentially zoned property, a greenbelt not less than 15 feet wide shall be provided between the parking area and the residentially zoned property. The greenbelt shall be landscaped according to the landscape requirements of Section 1286.03(f) of the Zoning Code.
(o) Driveways. Driveways serving off-street non-residential parking areas shall be a minimum of 24 feet wide for two-way traffic and a minimum of 13 feet wide for one-way traffic.
(p) Snow Storage. Snow shall not be stored in areas with plantings or where it may create visibility problems for drivers or pedestrians.
(q) Barrier-free parking shall be provided as follows:
Total Parking in Lot
|
Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces Required
|
Total Parking in Lot
|
Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces Required
|
1 to 25 | 1 |
26 to 50 | 2 |
51 to 75 | 3 |
76 to 100 | 4 |
101 to 150 | 5 |
151 to 200 | 6 |
201 to 300 | 8 |
301 to 400 | 12 |
401 to 700 | 14 |
701 to 1,000 | 1 per 50 spaces provided or fraction thereof |
Over 1,000 | 20 plus 1 per 100 over 1,000 or fraction thereof |
Requirements for barrier-free parking spaces, curbs, ramps, and signs shall be as required by local building code and the Michigan Barrier Free Rules.
(1975 Code §5.125) (Ord. 518. Passed 3-3-15.)
On the same premises with every building, structure, or part thereof, involving the receipt or distribution of vehicles, materials or merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained on the lot, adequate space for standing, loading, and unloading in order to avoid undue interference with public use of a dedicated right-of-way. Such space shall be provided as follows:
(a) Off-street loading spaces shall be provided in size and quantity sufficient to prevent interference with adjacent streets or required off-street parking areas.
(b) Required loading spaces shall not be included in the county of off-street parking spaces.
(c) Loading space shall not use any portion of any public right-of-way.
(d) Maneuvering space for trucks using the loading spaces shall be provided on premise, and shall not necessitate the use of public right-of-way.
(e) The design, location, and screening of off-street loading areas shall be reviewed at the same time of site plan approval to ensure adequate protection is afforded adjacent properties, especially residential districts.
(f) Off-street parking loading spaces shall be no closer than 50 feet to any residential zone unless such space is wholly within a completely enclosed building or enclosed on all sides by a wall or uniformly painted solid board or masonry fence of uniform appearance not less than six feet in height.
(g) No off-street loading space or dock in the B-3 and I-1 Zoning Districts shall be located in a required front yard areas within the required 30-foot setback. However, off-street loading space or dock may be located in a front yard area provided the front setback is increased to 60 feet. Should the 60-foot setback be met, the front yard area shall be screened from view from all adjacent streets or side yard areas. The screening location shall be at a point 30 feet from the front property line for the area affected by the front yard loading space or dock.
(1975 Code § 5.126) (Ord. 518. Passed 3-3-15.)
In order to avoid excessive amounts of impervious surface and to allow for an opportunity to provide parking which meets the demonstrated needs of a proposed use, the Planning Commission may approve a development which provides less than the minimum number of parking spaces required herein according to the following requirements:
(a) The applicant must provide written evidence to the Planning Commission that the parking proposed on the site for the use is sufficient to meet the parking needs of those who will patronize the use as well as the parking needs for employees during the largest working shift.
Such evidence may consist of: arrangements for nearby shared parking; evidence that the proposed use will also be patronized by pedestrians or by those using bus service; or evidence from the parking history of the proposed use or a use similar to the proposed use at other locations; or that there is sufficient space on the site for the required parking to be provided if it becomes necessary at a later time.
(b) If a plan is approved to allow fewer parking spaces than required by this section such parking plan shall only apply to the stated use. Any other use shall comply with the requirements of this section before any occupancy permit is issued or such use shall first obtain approval from the Planning Commission in accordance with this section before any occupancy permit is issued.
(Ord. 518. Passed 3-3-15.)
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