The purpose of this section is to alleviate or prevent congestion of the public streets and to promote the safety and welfare of the public, by establishing minimum requirements for off street parking and loading and unloading of motor vehicles in accordance with the use of property.
A. General Provisions; Parking And Loading:
1. Procedure: An application for a building permit for a new or enlarged building, structure or use, shall include therewith a plot plan, drawn to scale and fully dimensioned, showing any parking or loading facilities to be provided in compliance with the requirements of these standards.
2. Scope Of Regulations: The off street parking and loading provisions herein shall apply as follows:
a. When the intensity of use of any building, structure, or premises shall be increased through addition of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity (18 inches per seat), or other units of measurement specified herein for required parking or loading facilities, parking and loading facilities herein shall be provided for such increase in intensity of use.
However, no owner of a building or structure lawfully established prior to December 15, 2010, shall be required to provide such additional parking or loading facilities unless and until the uses established increase the parking requirements by fifteen percent (15%) or more measured by the requirements, existing on December 1, 2010, in which event parking or loading facilities as required herein shall be provided for the total increase.
b. Whenever the existing use of a building or structure shall hereafter be changed to a new use, parking or loading facilities shall be provided as required for such new use. However, if the said building or structure was erected prior to December 15, 2010, additional parking or loading facilities are mandatory only in the amount by which the requirements for the new use would exceed those for the existing use if the latter were subject to the parking and loading provisions herein.
3. Existing Parking And Loading Facilities: Accessory off street parking or loading facilities that are located on the same lot as the building or use served, and that were in existence on December 15, 2010, or were provided voluntarily after such effective date shall not thereafter be reduced below; or if already less than, shall not further be reduced below the requirements of this section for a similar new building or use.
4. Permissive Parking And Loading Facilities: Nothing in this section shall be deemed to prevent the voluntary establishment of off street parking or loading facilities to serve any existing use of land or buildings provided that all regulations herein governing the location, design, improvement, and operation of such facilities are adhered to.
5. Damage And Destruction: For any conforming or legally nonconforming building or use which is in existence on December 15, 2010, which subsequent thereto is damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion, or other cause, and which is reconstructed, reestablished, or repaired, off street parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained at the time of such damage or destruction shall be restored or continued in operation. However, in no case shall it be necessary to restore or maintain parking or loading facilities in excess of those required by this section for equivalent new uses or construction.
B. Additional Regulations; Parking:
1. Use Of Parking Facilities: Off street parking facilities accessory to residential use and developed in any residential district in accordance with the requirements of this section, shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles and not more than one truck of not more than one and one-fourth (11/4) tons' capacity used by occupants of the dwelling structures to which such facilities are accessory. Under no circumstances shall required parking facilities accessory to residential structures be used for the storage of commercial vehicles or for the parking of automobiles belonging to the employees, owners, tenants, visitors, or customers of business or manufacturing establishments.
2. Joint Parking Facilities: Off street parking facilities for different buildings, structures, or uses, or for mixed uses, may be provided collectively in any zoning district in which separate parking facilities for each constituent use would be permitted, provided that the total number of spaces so located together shall not be less than the sum of the separate requirements for each use.
C. Design And Maintenance Standards:
1. Applicability: The following design and maintenance standards shall apply to all accessory parking facilities and to all commercial or public parking facilities built as a primary land use.
2. General On Site Circulation Design Standards:
a. There shall be an adequate, safe, and convenient arrangement of pedestrian circulation facilities, roadways, driveways, off street parking, and loading space.
b. For access, each required off street parking space shall open directly upon an aisle or driveway of such width and design as to provide safe and efficient means of vehicular access to such parking space. All off street parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movements.
c. Roads, pedestrian walks, and open space shall be designed as integral parts of an overall site design. They shall be properly related to existing and proposed building and appropriate landscaping.
d. Buildings, vehicular circulation, and open spaces shall be arranged so that pedestrians moving between buildings are not unnecessarily exposed to vehicular traffic.
e. Landscaped, paved, and comfortably graded pedestrian walks shall be provided along the lines of the most intense use, particularly from building entrances to streets, parking areas, and adjacent buildings.
f. The materials used in the design of paving, lighting fixtures, retaining walls, fences, curbs, and benches shall be of good appearance, easily maintained, and indicative of their function.
g. Ramps shall be provided giving access from parking areas to the building served for disabled persons utilizing wheelchairs.
3. General On Site Parking And Loading Design Standards:
a. A site plan shall be submitted to the village engineer for his approval when the required off street parking is for more than three (3) parking spaces.
b. Parking facilities shall be landscaped and screened from public view to the extent necessary to eliminate unsightliness and monotony of large concentrations of parked cars.
c. Parking facilities shall be designed with careful regard to orderly arrangement, topography, landscaping, ease of access, and shall be developed as an integral part of an overall site design.
d. Any above grade loading facility shall be screened from public view to the extent necessary to eliminate unsightliness.
e. Adequate parking spaces shall be specially designated for the parking of vehicles of disabled persons. Such spaces shall be located close to the building entry. All parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall comply with the standards set forth by the Americans with disabilities act, title III: public accommodations.
4. Sizes Of Parking Spaces:
a. The following schedule of parking space and layout standards shall apply to all parking facilities in the village, in accordance with this section:
Angle Of Parking Row To Driveway Aisle (Degrees) | ||||
45 One-Way | 60 One-Way | 75 One-Way | 90 One- Or Two-Way | |
Width parallel to aisle | 12.7 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 9.0 |
Depth of parking row | 18 | 19 | 19 | 18 |
Width of parking space | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Width of aisle | 13 | 18 | 22 | 24 |
Parallel parking spaces shall be at least twenty two feet (22') in length, and eight feet (8') in width.
5. Parking Surface, Drainage, And Maintenance: All open off street parking areas shall be improved with a compacted select gravel base surfaced with an all weather, dustless material suitably designed for the intended use to a standard approved by the village engineer. Parking and loading facilities shall be provided with adequate stormwater drainage facilities to prevent damage or inconvenience to abutting property and/or public streets and alleys. Parking and loading areas shall be maintained in a clean, orderly, and dust free condition at the expense of the owner or lessee.
6. Marking: All parking spaces shall be marked by durable painted lines at least four inches (4") wide and extending the length of the space or by curbs or other means to indicate individual spaces. Signs or markers located on the surface within a parking lot shall be used as necessary to ensure efficient and safe traffic operation of the lot.
7. Lighting: Lighting shall be provided to illuminate any off street parking or loading spaces to be used at night. If provided, the lighting shall be arranged and installed to deflect, shade, and focus lights away from adjacent properties. The height, type, spacing, and degree of cutoff of a light standard may be further regulated by the village engineer in relation to specific site conditions or types of development. Standards to be used shall be in accordance with the Illuminating Engineering Society Of North America's publication entitled "Lighting For Parking Facilities".
8. Screening And Landscaping: All parking and loading areas shall be properly screened and landscaped as set forth in this section. It is the purpose and intent of this section to require adequate protection for contiguous property against undesirable effects from the creation and operation of parking or loading areas, and to protect and preserve the appearance and character of the surrounding neighborhoods and of the village through the screening effects and aesthetic qualities of such landscaping.
a. The landscaping shall include to the extent necessary to further the intent of this section, berms, shrubs, bushes, hedges, trees, decorative walls, or fencing as set forth below:
(1) The frontage along the entire parking or loading area adjacent to any public or private street shall be landscaped and protected so as to separate and screen any parking area from the adjacent streets.
(2) When off street parking or loading uses and other areas zoned for any use except one-family and two-family residential districts, are located adjacent to a residential district or to any lot upon which there is a dwelling as a permitted use, there shall be provided along the lot line a continuous, solid fence, a masonry wall, or a densely planted compact hedge, to a height adequate to prevent the direct light from automobile headlights being cast on adjacent residential units both with a minimum height of four feet (4') and not more than six feet (6') except that the height of such fence or wall shall not exceed three feet (3') within any front yard setback.
(3) In addition to any landscaped front, back, or side yard areas required by this or any other section, a minimum of ten (10) square feet of interior landscaped area for each parking space, shall be provided within a parking lot which has thirty (30) or more parking spaces. The landscaping shall be in one or more areas so as to minimize and reduce the apparent size of parking areas.
(4) All interior landscaped areas provided in accordance with the preceding paragraph, shall be raised and curbed and shall have a minimum area of thirty (30) square feet and a minimum width of five feet (5'). The ends of parking rows abutting a circulation aisle shall be defined by interior landscaped areas whenever feasible.
(5) No landscaped hedge shall be less than two feet (2') in height, and three feet (3') in spread; however, no hedge, wall, or berm shall exceed three feet (3') in height within ten feet (10') of any driveway opening. The individual plants used in the development of such a hedge shall be placed so as to be not more than twenty four inches (24") on center.
(6) Interior planting bed areas, which are used for the planting of trees, or which are used for landscaping treatment generally, may be treated with either grass and/or other types of ground cover or open spaced pavers on a sand and gravel base located beneath the surrounding trees and shrubs.
(7) All landscaping shall be permanently maintained in good condition with at least the same quality and quantity of landscaping as initially approved.
(8) A perimeter landscaped buffer strip shall be provided and maintained at a width of not less than five feet (5') between a parking lot or driveway and the abutting property line at a side or rear yard. The landscaped strip shall be at least five feet (5') in width along any front or side property line abutting a public or private street. More restrictive standards for yards or buffering shall govern where required by this chapter.
(9) All landscaped areas in parking areas or adjacent to parking or loading areas, or that can be encroached upon by a motor vehicle, shall be provided with an adequate permanent curb as approved by the village engineer to restrict the destruction of the landscaped areas by vehicles.
9. Number Of Entrances And Exits To Parking Lots: There shall be not more than one entrance and one exit or one combined entrance and exit along any street unless same is deemed necessary by the plan commission and/or village engineer for the alleviation of traffic congestion and interference of traffic movement along such street. The maximum width for entrances and exits shall be thirty five feet (35') for commercial and industrial and thirty feet (30') for residential.
10. Maintenance: Any persons operating or owning a parking lot shall keep it free, as may be practical, of dust and loose particles and shall promptly remove the snow and ice from the surface of the parking lot. Such persons shall also keep all adjacent sidewalks free from dirt, ice, sleet, and snow and shall keep the sidewalks in a safe condition for use by pedestrians. All signs, markers, or any other methods used to indicate direction of traffic movement and location of parking spaces shall be maintained in a neat and legible condition. Likewise any walls, landscaping, including trees and shrubbery, as well as surfacing and curbing of the parking lot, shall be maintained in good condition throughout its use for parking purposes. The village shall have the authority to prohibit use of the area for parking purposes unless and until proper maintenance, repair, or rehabilitation is completed, including the replacement of any landscaping material which may die from time to time, or the failure of the landscape irrigation or surface drainage system within the parking area.
D. Location Of Parking Facilities:
1. Extent Of Control: Off street automobile parking facilities shall be located as hereinafter specified; where a distance is specified, such distance shall be walking distance measured from the nearest point of the parking area to the nearest entrance of the building that said parking area is required to serve:
a. For one- and two-family dwellings, on the same lot with the building they are required to serve.
b. For three- and four-family dwellings not over two (2) stories in height, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve. For the purpose of these suggested standards, a group of such uses constructed and maintained under single ownership or management shall be assumed to be on a single lot or parcel of land.
c. For apartment houses containing four (4) or more dwelling units, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve, or on a separate lot or parcel of land not more than three hundred feet (300') from the nearest entrance to the principal building being served, provided the lot or parcel of land selected for the parking facilities is located in an apartment district or a less restricted district.
d. For rooming houses, lodging houses, clubs, hospitals, sanatoriums, orphanages, homes for the aged, convalescent homes, dormitories, sorority and fraternity houses, and for other similar uses, the off street parking facilities required shall be on the same lot or parcel of land as the principal building or buildings being served, or upon properties contiguous to the zoning lot upon which is located the building or buildings they are intended to serve.
e. For uses other than those specified above, off street parking facilities shall be provided on the same lot or parcel of land as the principal building being served, or on a separate lot or parcel of land not over one thousand feet (1,000') from the entrance of the principal building, measured from the nearest point of the parking area, provided the separate lot or parcel of land intended for parking facilities is located in the same district as the principal permitted use or in a less restricted district.
2. Control Of Off Street Parking Facilities: When required parking facilities are provided on land other than the zoning lot on which the building or use served by such facilities is located, they shall be and remain in the same possession or ownership as the zoning lot occupied by the building or use to which the parking facilities are accessory. No such off site parking facilities shall be authorized and no occupancy permit shall be issued where the plans call for parking other than on the same zoning lot until and unless the zoning board of appeals has reviewed the plans and heard the applicant and has made findings that the common ownership or possession of the zoning lot and that the site of the parking facilities will be maintained at all times during the life of the proposed use or building. A covenant to this effect shall be recorded with the Cook County recorder.
E. Schedule Of Parking Requirements: For the following uses, accessory off street parking spaces shall be provided as required hereinafter. Parking spaces required on an employee basis shall be based on the maximum number of employees on duty or residing, or both, on the premises at any one time.
1. Residential uses, as follows:
Buildings containing more than two (2) dwelling units:
Efficiency and one bedroom units - one and one-half (11/2) parking spaces;
Two (2) bedroom units - two (2) parking spaces; and
Three (3) or more bedroom units - two and one-fourth (21/4) parking spaces.
Community residences: Two (2) parking spaces shall be provided for each community residence.
Hotels: One parking space for each guestroom and one parking space for each employee shall be provided.
Lodging, rooming, and boarding houses: One parking space shall be provided for each lodging room, plus one space for each employee.
Mobile home parks: Two (2) parking spaces shall be provided for each mobile home space.
Motels and inns: One parking space shall be provided for each guestroom, plus one space for the manager and two (2) additional spaces for each three (3) employees.
One-family dwellings and two-family dwellings: Two (2) parking spaces shall be provided for each dwelling unit.
Private clubs and lodges (with sleeping facilities for guests): One parking space shall be provided for each lodging room, plus parking spaces equal in number to seventy five percent (75%) of the capacity in persons (exclusive of lodging room capacity) of such club or lodge.
2. Retail and service uses, as follows:
Automobile service stations: One parking space shall be provided for each employee, plus three (3) spaces for each service stall.
Bowling alleys: Five (5) parking spaces shall be provided for each alley, plus such additional spaces as may be required for affiliated uses - bars, restaurants, and the like.
Car wash: Ten (10) stacking spaces shall be provided for each wash rack, plus one parking space for each employee.
Establishments dispensing food or beverages for consumption on the premises: One parking space shall be provided for each one hundred (100) square feet of floor area.
Furniture and appliance stores, household equipment, or furniture repair shops: One parking space shall be provided for each six hundred (600) square feet of floor area.
Retail stores and banks: One parking space shall be provided for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area. Drive-in banks or other similar drive-in establishments shall provide six (6) stacking spaces per teller or customer service window.
Theaters (indoor): For single or double screen, one parking space shall be provided for each two (2) seats; for three (3) or more screens, one parking space shall be provided for each three and one-half (31/2) seats.
Undertaking establishment, funeral parlors: Twenty five (25) parking spaces shall be provided for each chapel or parlor, plus one parking space for each funeral vehicle kept on the premises.
3. Office-business, professional, and governmental: One parking space shall be provided for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area.
4. Medical or dental clinics: Eight (8) parking spaces shall be provided for every doctor or one space for every two hundred (200) square feet of floor area, whichever is greater.
5. Wholesale establishments (but not including warehouses and storage buildings other than accessory): One parking space shall be provided for each six hundred (600) square feet of floor space.
6. Manufacturing uses or any establishments engaged in production, processing, cleaning, servicing, testing, or repair of materials, goods, or products: One parking space shall be provided for each employee as related to the working period when the maximum number of employees are employed on the premises, plus one parking space for each vehicle used in the conduct of the enterprise. But in no case less than one parking space per six hundred (600) square feet of floor space.
7. Warehouses and storage buildings: One parking space shall be provided for each employee, plus one space for each vehicle used in the conduct of the business.
8. Community service uses, as follows:
Church, school, college, and other institutional auditoriums: One parking space shall be provided for each four (4) auditorium seats. Adequate space shall also be provided for buses used in connection with activities of the institution, and all loading and unloading of passengers shall take place upon the premises.
Colleges, universities, and business, professional, and trade schools: One parking space shall be provided for each employee and one parking space shall be provided for each student based on the maximum number of students attending classes on the premises at any one time during any twenty four (24) hour period.
Health centers, government operated: Eight (8) parking spaces shall be provided for every doctor or one space for every two hundred (200) square feet of floor area, whichever is greater.
High school: One parking space shall be provided for each employee plus one space for each three (3) students.
Hospitals: Two (2) parking spaces shall be provided for each three (3) hospital beds, plus one parking space for each employee, plus one parking space for each doctor assigned to the staff.
Libraries, art galleries, and museums - public: One parking space shall be provided for each five hundred (500) square feet of floor area.
Municipal or privately owned recreation buildings or community centers: One parking space shall be provided for each employee, plus spaces adequate in number, as determined by the plan commission, to serve the visiting public.
Public utility and public service uses: One parking space shall be provided for each employee, plus spaces adequate in number, as determined by the plan commission, to serve the public, plus one space for each service vehicle.
Schools - nursery, elementary: One parking space shall be provided for each employee plus one for each twenty (20) students.
9. Places of assembly: Stadiums, arenas, auditoriums (other than church, college, or institutional school), convention halls, dance halls, exhibition halls, skating rinks, and other similar places of assembly: Parking spaces equal in number to one for every two (2) persons shall be provided.
10. Miscellaneous uses, as follows:
For the following uses, parking spaces shall be provided in adequate number, as determined by the village engineer, to serve persons employed or residing on the premises as well as the visiting public:
Airports or aircraft landing fields; heliports.
Convents and monasteries.
Crematories or mausoleums.
Implement dealer, machinery, and automobile sales.
Outdoor amusement establishments - fairgrounds, permanent carnivals, kiddy parks, and other similar amusement centers.
Penal and correctional institutions.
Rectories and parish houses.
Swimming pools.
Fraternities, sororities, and dormitories: One parking space shall be provided for each three (3) active resident members, plus one parking space for the manager thereof.
Private clubs and lodges (without sleeping facilities for guests): Parking spaces equal in number to forty percent (40%) of the capacity in persons shall be provided.
Rest homes, nursing homes, and institutional care facilities: One parking space shall be provided for each four (4) beds, plus one parking space for each employee, plus one parking space for each doctor assigned to the staff or one parking space for every five hundred (500) square feet of floor area, whichever is greater.
Theaters - automobile drive-in: Reservoir parking space equal to ten percent (10%) of the vehicle capacity of such theaters shall be provided.
11. Mixed uses: When two (2) or more uses are located on the same zoning lot within the same building, parking spaces equal in number to the sum for the most similar listed use, or as determined by the village engineer.
12. Other uses: For uses not listed heretofore in this schedule of parking requirements, parking spaces shall be provided on the same basis as required for the most similar listed use, or as determined by the village engineer.
F. Additional Regulations - Off Street Loading:
1. Location: All required loading berths shall be located on the same zoning lot as the use served. No loading berth for vehicles over two (2) tons' capacity shall be closer than fifty feet (50') to any property in a residence district, unless completely enclosed by building walls, or solid landscape screening, not less than six feet (6') in height. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located in any front or side yard. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located within twenty five feet (25') of the nearest point of intersection of any two (2) streets.
2. Size: Unless otherwise specified, a required loading berth shall be at least ten feet (10') in width by at least twenty five feet (25') in length, exclusive of aisles and maneuvering space, and shall have a vertical clearance of at least fourteen feet (14').
3. Access: Each required off street loading berth shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement.
4. Surfacing: All open off street loading berths shall be improved with a compacted base of number 8 crushed stone, not less than eight inches (8") thick, and surfaced with not less than two inches (2") of asphaltic concrete or six inches (6") of portland cement concrete with pavement mesh on a compacted subgrade or equal.
5. Repair And Service: No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be permitted in conjunction with loading facilities provided in any residence or business districts.
6. Allocated Space: Space allocated to any off street loading berth shall not, while so allocated, be used to satisfy the space requirements for any off street parking facilities or portion thereof.
7. Other Special Uses: For special uses other than prescribed for hereinafter, loading berths adequate in number and size to serve such uses, as determined by the village engineer, shall be provided.
8. Buildings Of Less Floor Area: Uses for which off street loading facilities are required herein, but which are located in buildings of less floor area than the minimum prescribed for such required facilities, shall be provided with adequate receiving facilities off of any adjacent alley, service drive, or open space on the same lot which is accessible by motor vehicle.
G. Schedule Of Loading Requirements: For the following uses, off street loading berths shall be provided on the basis of gross floor area of buildings or portions thereof devoted to such uses in the amounts shown herein:
1. Hospitals, sanatoriums, and other institutional uses: One berth plus one additional berth for each one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by twenty five feet (10' x 25').
2. Hotels, clubs, and lodges except as set forth in subsection G3 of this section: One berth for each structure over fifteen thousand (15,000) square feet of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by twenty five feet (10' x 25').
3. Hotels, clubs, and lodges when containing any of the following: Retail shops, convention halls, auditoriums, exhibition halls, or business or professional offices (other than accessory): One berth for each structure twenty thousand (20,000) to one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet plus one berth for each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet or fraction thereof of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by fifty feet (10' x 50').
4. Retail stores: One berth for each structure over ten thousand (10,000) square feet of gross floor area plus one berth for each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by twenty five feet (10' x 25').
5. Establishments dispensing food or beverages for consumption on the premises: Two (2) berths for each structure over ten thousand (10,000) square feet of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by twenty five feet (10' x 25').
6. Motor vehicle and machinery sales: One berth plus one additional berth for each twenty five thousand (25,000) square feet of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by fifty feet (10' x 50').
7. Wholesale establishments (but not including warehouse and storage building other than accessory): Three (3) berths for each structure forty thousand (40,000) to one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area plus one berth for each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet or fraction thereof of gross floor area. Minimum horizontal dimensions are ten feet by fifty feet (10' x 50'). (Ord. 2010-904, 12-14-2010)