(A) General parking requirements.
(1) Off-street parking areas, consisting of parking spaces and maneuvering aisles or other spaces for traffic circulation, shall be provided for all uses and development in accordance with this Code. Such parking shall be provided at the time the use or development is established or enlarged or increased in any way, and shall be provided in the same zoning district as the principal use and on the same zoning lot.
(2) The minimum number of parking spaces required by divisions (B) and (C) below shall be provided and maintained for operable vehicles owned by residents of the premises and visitors in the case of residential uses, and by employees, visitors or customers in the case of nonresidential uses, and shall not be occupied by commercial vehicles or inoperable vehicles nor used for storage of any kind.
(B) Residential uses.
(1) Each parking space shall have a minimum depth of 18 feet, and a minimum width of nine feet in the case of multi-family dwellings and a minimum width of eight feet in the case of single-family dwellings.
(2) Required parking spaces for single-family dwelling units may be located in driveways or other maneuvering aisles on the same lot, even though they may obstruct direct access to other parking spaces provided for the same dwelling unit, if said parking does not in any manner obstruct access to any other property and if all other Code requirements are satisfied.
(3) All parking spaces shall be located in a carport, garage, or shall be paved with portland cement (PCC) or asphaltic cement concrete (ACC) having a minimum nominal depth of four inches, except that parking spaces provided for the sole use of recreational vehicles may be surfaced with crushed limestone or other material of such quantity, depth and size as is appropriate to the size and type of said vehicle in lieu of PCC or ACC paving, provided that such surface is maintained as a reasonably smooth and level surface.
(4) A required parking space may be temporarily obstructed by or used to park a recreational vehicle, if sufficient on-site parking spaces are provided for all vehicles owned by or associated with the resident household, including frequent visitors, and if the parked recreational vehicle conforms to § 160.34. This exception may be revoked if the household appears to frequently utilize on-street parking for its vehicles.
(5) (a) Single-family detached dwelling units.
1. A minimum of three off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each single- family detached dwelling unit. In addition thereto, an additional parking space shall be provided for each commercial and recreational vehicle in accordance with this section and §§ 160.34 and 160.35, if a total of more than three vehicles are customarily kept at the premises by the residents thereof.
2. A minimum of two parking spaces shall be located behind the minimum front setback line, except that an exception may be allowed for single-family detached dwellings that existed prior to January 1, 1997, to allow such properties have a minimum of one parking space located behind the front setback line, if it can be shown that the number of vehicles utilized by all persons residing on the property does not exceed the number of available on-site parking spaces.
(b) Single-family attached dwelling units. A minimum of two off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each single-family attached dwelling unit, together with additional parking for each commercial and recreational vehicle in the same manner that is required for detached dwelling units. A minimum of one parking space shall be located behind the minimum front setback line.
(c) Multi-family dwelling units. A minimum of 2.25 off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each multi-family dwelling unit having two or more bedrooms, and a minimum of 1.75 off-street parking spaces shall be provided for dwelling units having less than two bedrooms, except rooming or boarding house which shall comply with division (C) below. All parking spaces that are required by this Code shall be provided without charge to the occupants of the dwelling units. Garage or storage spaces may be rented separately to residents of the property on which they are located, if the garage spaces are not being utilized to comply with the minimum parking requirements of this Code.
(C) Nonresidential uses.
(1) Minimum parking ratios. Five on-site parking spaces shall be provided for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area, rounded upwards to a full number of parking spaces, except for the minimum parking ratios for the uses listed in the following table, and the exceptions set out in divisions (C)(2) and (C)(3) below.
Auditoriums | 1 space per 3 seats (or in lieu thereof, the number of parking spaces required for the principal building if said parking requirement is greater, if accessory to a junior or senior high school) |
Boarding houses and the like | 1 space for each bed or boarding, rooming or dwelling unit, whichever is greater, plus 5 spaces |
Bowling alleys | 5 spaces per alley plus parking for other uses in accordance with the ratios required by this Code for the use |
Car wash | 1 space/employee plus 1 space for manager plus spaces equaling 5 times the vehicle capacity of the wash |
Churches and other worship centers or facilities | 1 space per 3 seats in auditorium including balcony |
Commercial school (music, dance and the like) | 1 space/2 employees, plus 1 space/5 students (5 spaces minimum) |
Community center | Parking spaces equal to 30% of capacity in persons |
Dance, assembly and exhibition halls without fixed seats, except church assembly rooms that are accessory to an auditorium | 1 space for each 50 square feet of floor area used for assembly or dancing |
Day care for children | 1 space per employee for the maximum staffing period, plus 1 parking or loading space for every 6 children |
Eating and drinking places | 15 parking spaces for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area |
Elementary schools | 2 spaces per employee (15 spaces minimum) |
Extended, intermediate or rehabilitation or residential care nursing facilities | 1 space/4 beds, plus 1 space/employee on the largest shift plus 1 space/medical professional on staff |
Extended stay hotels | 1.5 spaces per dwelling unit |
Hospitals | 1 space/2 beds plus 1 space/employee per shift average plus 1 space/doctor on staff |
Hotels and motels | 1 space per 1 unit plus 15 spaces |
Jr. or Sr. high school | 2 spaces per employee, plus 1 space per 5 students (minimum of 50 spaces) |
Library | 1 space per 500 gross square feet (10 spaces minimum) |
Manufacturing uses | 1 space/1.5 plant employees plus 1 space for each research or managerial person plus 1 visitor parking space for each 10 managerial personnel or 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of gross floor area used for manufacturing, whichever is greater |
Medical or dental clinic | 5 spaces for each medical professional (5 spaces minimum) |
Private clubs | 1 space/lodging room, plus spaces equal to 30% of capacity in persons |
Resorts | 1 sp./2 employees plus space equal to 20% of capacity or 1 space/rental unit, whichever is greater |
Riding stable | 1 space/1 employee, plus 2 spaces for each stable stall |
School gyms, stadiums and the like | 1 space per 3 seats (or in lieu thereof, the number of parking spaces required for the principal building if said parking requirement is greater, if accessory to a junior or senior high school) |
Theater | 1 space/3 seats up to 400 seats, plus 1 space/4 seats over 400 |
Veterinarian clinics, animal hospitals and kennels | 2 spaces per employee including doctors or professionals |
Warehousing, wholesaling, distribution and showrooms | 1 space per 1,000 square feet of warehouse area, plus 5 spaces per 1,000 square feet of office area |
(2) Delayed construction. Up to 20% of the parking required for any use except a eating or drinking place may be left temporarily undeveloped if it is not needed by the current occupants, subject to reserving appropriate site area for the future construction of such parking and City Council approval of a site plan that includes a full and complete design for the future construction of such parking. If city staff subsequently finds at any time that a parking shortage exists, as demonstrated by cars parked on-street, in landscaped areas or circulation aisles; or in parking areas located on other properties, such evidence of insufficient parking shall be deemed to be a violation of this Code, and the unconstructed parking shall promptly be installed upon written notice to provide not less than 100% of minimum amount required by this Code.
(3) Additional parking provisions for eating or drinking places (herein “food tenants”).
(a) A multi-tenant building that has food tenants may use up to 20% of the parking that is provided for the remainder of the building to meet the minimum parking requirements for food tenants, if the amount of floor area that is to be occupied by food tenants is designated at the time of the initial site plan approval and provided that the minimum parking requirement for a food tenant shall not be reduced below a ratio of five parking spaces/1000 square feet of gross floor area.
(b) Additional parking shall not be required for the amount of area or seating that is within an outdoor patio area associated with a food tenant, if it does not exceed 1,500 square feet in area or 30% of the food tenant’s indoor occupant capacity, whichever is less.
(D) Standards for development and maintenance of parking areas. All areas used to park, store or display vehicles of any kind, together with access, circulation and maneuvering aisles and drives, shall be paved with portland cement asphaltic cement concrete having a minimum depth of five inches, and shall comply with the following and other applicable requirements of this Code.
(1) Every parking space shall have a minimum width of nine feet and a minimum depth of 18 feet, and shall be directly accessed by a maneuvering aisle having a minimum width of 24 feet if such spaces are arranged at a 90-degree angle, except for single-family dwellings and as provided by §§ 160.29(B) and 160.34. Alternatively, parking arranged at angles other than 90 degrees shall comply with the maneuvering aisle widths and parking dimensions set forth by the specifications of Architectural Graphic Standards, Edition 6 or later editions, published by John Wiley and Sons Inc. Maneuvering aisles and parking spaces shall be located entirely on-site and shall not interfere with traffic movement on public streets.
(2) Parking spaces shall be so arranged and clearly painted or otherwise marked as to provide for orderly and safe parking, storage and maneuvering. Raised curbing shall be installed and maintained along the entire perimeter of all parking, storage and display areas. Access drives shall not be located in any residential district except where serving a use that is permitted in said district.
(3) Parking area lighting shall not be allowed spill illumination into, and no glare allowed to be visible from, any residential district or public street.
(4) (a) A landscaped setback shall be provided along all public streets for parking areas accessory to multi-family residential and nonresidential uses, and for parking which is a principal use. No part of any parking, display or storage space for vehicles, maneuvering aisles or parked vehicle shall be allowed encroach upon or into any public right-of-way, street or pedestrian way easement, landscaped setback or interior landscaping, or buffer yard: curbs shall inset into parking spaces a minimum of two feet to prevent any said encroachment.
(b) If the lot or parcel on which said parking is located was created after January 1, 1997, said setback shall have a minimum width of 20 feet. In all other cases said setback shall have a minimum width of ten feet, provided that:
1. Nothing in this section shall be construed to be a waiver or reduction of a larger setback required by an existing condition of zoning, Planned Unit Development Master Plan or urban renewal requirement or redevelopment agreement; and
2. Said setback may be reduced to a minimum of seven feet for existing legally nonconforming parking areas that were developed with an existing parking setback that is less than ten feet, if this exception is found to be necessary to facilitate an additions to the existing parking area, or in the case of redevelopment of existing nonresidential or multi-family properties, to maintain conformance with minimum parking requirements or to increase the conformance of a legally nonconforming parking area.
(c) A three and one-half foot high berm, or a continuous hedge of plant materials that attain a minimum mature height of three and one-half feet, shall be provided in the landscaped setback to screen the lower portions of parked vehicles from view from the adjoining street, provided that this requirement may be waived or reduced if the parking area is three or more feet lower than the street.
(5) Parking areas for church, commercial or industrial uses shall be set back and screened from residential properties, and parking areas for multi-family residences from any property zoned for attached or detached single-family residences, by a buffer yard having a minimum width of ten feet and improved in accordance with § 160.27.
(6) Parking areas shall be landscaped as follows, in addition to landscaped setback and buffer yard planting requirements.
(a) Not less than 5% of the total parking area shall be landscaped and continuously maintained as open landscaped space.
(b) Planting beds or islands provided to satisfy the 5% landscaping requirement shall be evenly distributed throughout the parking area. The entire 5% interior landscaping shall not be placed in one large planting bed or concentrated in only portions of the parking area.
(c) Planting beds or islands shall have a minimum width of eight feet, and shall be protected from vehicular traffic by curbs not less than six inches in height.
(d) Plantings shall be predominately overstory trees and shrubs, and shall not be limited to ground covers and shrubs alone. Plant materials shall be selected for suitability in regard to eventual size and spread, susceptibility to diseases and pests, and adaptability to climatic conditions within the parking area. Plantings that are required for landscaped setbacks, buffer yards or minimum general landscaping requirements, shall not be credited towards the 5% minimum interior landscaping requirement.