(a) Street Classification. In order to promote public safety and convenience, streets shall be planned to serve particular functions as follows:
(1) Primary Streets. Primary streets shall be primarily for the efficient circulation of traffic into, out, or around the village and to carry high volumes of traffic between centers of traffic generation.
(2) Secondary Streets. Secondary streets shall be for collecting traffic from or distributing it to local streets, connecting with primary streets, and providing access to abutting properties.
(3) Local Streets. Local streets shall be for providing access to abutting properties and circulation of slowly moving traffic and pedestrians within a neighborhood.
(4) Cul-de-Sacs. A street that terminates in a vehicular turnaround.
(b) General Street Design.
(1) If a tentative or suggested plan or plat for the area has been made by the Planning Commission or any other public agency designated by the Planning Commission, the street layout shall be in general conformance thereto.
(2) The proposed subdivision and its ultimate use shall be in the best interests of the public welfare and the neighborhood development of the area. The subdivider shall present evidence to this effect when requested by the Planning Commission.
(3) The tract to be subdivided should not be a part of, or encroach upon, an area or areas designated in adopted plans for future public facilities.
(4) Frontage on high-volume express highways shall be provided with a parallel service street or such other medium of access as may be appropriate to the conditions.
(5) The arrangement, character, width, grade, construction, and location of all streets shall conform to the comprehensive land use plan, or other applicable street plans, for the Village that are in effect at the time of final plat submission.
(6) The street layout shall provide access to all lots and parcels of land within the subdivision.
(7) The subdivider shall provide within the boundaries of the subdivision plat the necessary right-of-way for the widening, continuance, or alignment of such streets in conformity with the comprehensive land use plan or other applicable street plans.
(8) Offset streets shall be avoided whenever possible.
(9) Where practical, the arrangement of streets in new subdivisions shall make provision for the continuation of existing streets in adjoining areas.
(10) Proposed streets shall be adjusted to the contour of the land so as to produce usable lots and streets of reasonable gradient.
(11) A street that is not constructed to Village standards will not be accepted by the Village for dedication as a public street.
(12) Approval shall not be given for streets within a subdivision that would be subject to flooding. All streets must be located at elevations that will make them flood-free in order that no portion of the subdivision would become isolated by floods.
(13) In the interest of public safety, and as a matter of policy, all points of ingress and egress shall be located as far as possible from the intersection of two (2) or more primary streets or highways.
(c) Traffic Control Devices. The subdivider shall provide all traffic control devices for the proposed development, including, but not limited to, traffic signals, signs, pavement markings, and the like. Refer to the Ohio Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (OMUTC) for details of the devices to be used and, in some cases, warrants for their use.
(d) Street Signage. All new subdivisions shall be required to install street signage within each phase on all public and private streets. The signage shall be installed prior to acceptance by the Village, and the road being open to vehicular traffic. The signage must be shown on the improvement plans/site plans as submitted for review by the Planning Commission.
(e) Street Names and Numbering.
(1) Street names shall be selected that will not duplicate or be confused with the names of existing streets in Sheffield Village and in Lorain County, irrespective of modifying terms such as street, avenue, boulevard, etc. Streets that are or will eventually be continuations of existing or platted streets shall be named the same. Street names shall be included on the preliminary plat and final plat.
(2) When a new street is a direct extension of an existing street, the name shall remain the same.
(3) Address numbers shall be assigned by the Village in accordance with the current numbering system.
(f) General Street and Right-of-Way Design Standards.
(1) The standards of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), as published in A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, 1984; A Policy on Design Standards for Stopping Sight Distances, 1971; and subsequent publications modifying those standards by AASHTO, in effect at the time of final plat submission, shall govern the design of subdivision streets and abutting Village, county and township roads. The "Desirable Sight Distance Values" will govern in all but the most unusual instances and any lesser values must be recommended by the Village Engineer before the preliminary design plan is approved by the Planning Commission.
(2) The pavement design shall be calculated and submitted by a registered engineer with the preliminary plat approval.
(3) The subdivider shall be responsible for all required improvements, including the required pavement width measured from back-to-back of curbs on an undivided street. On a divided street, the subdivider shall be responsible for the sidewalk, if required, one curb, one-half of the required pavement measured to the back of the curb, and storm drainage.
(4) When developing along one side of an existing street or roadway, which is included in any approved street plans, the subdivider shall be responsible for one curb, the pavement widening to the thoroughfare width of their side, all necessary adjustments to existing pavement, and storm drainage for the street in accordance with an agreement with the Village Engineer. Where sight distances or other engineering requirements make it imperative, the pavement adjustment responsibility shall include the replacement of up to the entire existing pavement, also in accordance with an agreement with the Village Engineer.
(5) Vertical Alignment.
A. All changes in grades shall be connected by vertical curves of a minimum length in feet equal to twenty (20) times the algebraic difference in the rate of change of grade expressed in feet per 100 feet. Longer vertical curves shall be used when needed for sight distances as determined by the design engineer and approved by the Village Engineer.
B. No street grade shall be less than four tenths percent (0.4%) and on stop streets, the grade shall not exceed two percent (2%) positive or three percent negative within 100 feet of an intersection with local streets or 150 feet for all other intersections unless otherwise approved by the Village Engineer. The positive is considered going up from the intersection, and the negative is going down from the intersection.
C. Whenever the subdivider changes the grade of an existing street outside the limits of the development, and the grade change requires adjustment to meet existing improvements (streets, driveways, walks, and the like), such adjustments are required will be the responsibility of the subdivider, as approved by the Village Engineer.
(6) Pavement Width Requirements. The minimum widths of pavement required shall be as follows:
A. Concrete with a curb shall have a minimum pavement width of twenty-six (26) feet.
B. Asphalt with a curb shall have a minimum pavement width of twenty-six (26) feet.
(g) Special Street Types and Street Requirements. The following requirements shall apply to special street types or under the specified circumstances:
(1) Primary Streets. Where a subdivision of one-family dwellings abuts a primary street, the Planning Commission shall require the developer to prepare sketches and estimates of a plan based on marginal access streets of such other treatment as the fronting of lots on perpendicular local streets in order to protect the residential property from the movement of heavy traffic and to eliminate driveways cutting into a primary street.
(2) Secondary Streets. The layout shall be related to the topography and natural features. Driveway access shall be minimized to facilitate the free flow of traffic and avoid traffic hazards.
(3) Local Street.
A. Local streets shall have a sixty (60)-foot wide right-of-way, and the layout shall be related to the topography and natural features.
B. The street pattern shall be indirect to prevent through traffic and yet continuous; it shall be formed of straight, moderately winding, curved, loop, angular, or L-streets with T-intersections predominating.
(4) Cul-De-Sac Streets. Streets with cul-de-sacs shall have a sixty (60)-foot wide right-of-way and shall be permitted only where parcels are isolated by surrounding allotments, with no available access, where continuous streets would require excessive grading because of very irregular topography, or where other types of streets would not provide sufficient discouragement of through traffic. Where approved, cul-de-sacs shall comply with the following:
A. The length of cul-de-sacs shall not exceed 1,200 feet.
B. A permanent turnaround shall be provided, having an outside pavement diameter of at least 100 feet and a property line diameter of at least 134 feet.
C. If the cul-de-sac is not open in the direction of schools or playgrounds, a pedestrian-way shall be provided.
D. The minimum pavement width at the end of the cul-de-sac shall be twenty-six (26) feet.
E. A landscaping mound is permitted at the diameter of a cul-de-sac if such plantings contained therein permit an unobstructed view three feet and above across the cul-de-sac.
(5) Temporary Dead-End Streets.
A. Temporary dead-end streets shall be permitted only where there are future plans to continue the street into another phase of the subdivision or into an adjacent, future subdivision. In such cases, a temporary turnaround shall be provided with a design approved by the Village Engineer.
B. Provisions for maintenance and the removal of the temporary dead-end street shall be required for any additional plat approvals.
C. Temporary dead-end streets longer than 600 feet are prohibited.
D. A "T" turnaround (temporary only) may be permitted on a temporary dead-end street that has a length of more than 200 feet in-lieu of a cul-de-sac that is required for permanent dead-end streets. Such turnarounds shall be designed to allow vehicles to turn around with only one backing-up movement. See Figure 1123-A. The turnaround area shall be the same width as the street it abuts and shall be at least seventy-five (75) feet long.
Figure 1123-A: Illustrative example of a temporary "T" turnaround.
E. If a dead-end street extends one lot depth or less past a street intersection, a "T" turnaround will not be required.
(6) Permanent Dead-End Streets.
A. Permanent dead-end streets are prohibited unless they include a turnaround (cul-de-sac) in accordance with the above sections.
B. Permanent dead-end streets shall not exceed 600 feet in length as measured from the centerline of the intersecting street to the center of the turn-around. Permanent dead-end streets may be longer where unique topographic or other physical conditions exist, making a through street impractical.
(7) Streets for Multi-Family Developments. Dedicated streets for multi-family developments shall be planned to connect with primary or secondary streets so as not to generate large volumes of traffic on local residential streets. Vehicular and pedestrian access shall be adequate and convenient to each dwelling unit, planned so that a street, access drive, parking area, or delivery area will be located no more than 100 feet from every main or service entrance of a building.
(8) Streets for Nonresidential Subdivisions.
A. Streets serving nonresidential developments (e.g., commercial or industrial) and accessory parking areas shall be planned to connect with collector or arterial streets so as not to generate traffic on local residential streets.
B. The Planning Commission may require the dedication and improvement of service roads along major streets.
(9) Half-Streets. The dedication of new half-streets shall not be permitted. Where a dedicated or platted half-street exists adjacent to the tract being subdivided, the other half shall be platted.
(10) Private Streets.
A. Private streets are discouraged.
B. Where constructed, a private street shall be constructed to the minimum standard of a public street in accordance with this code.
C. The Village shall not be responsible for maintenance, snow plowing, cleaning, or provision of similar public street services for private streets.
D. Property owners abutting a private street may request that the Village accept the street as a public street dedication at a later date, but the Village shall not be required to accept such dedication.
E. In no instance shall the Village accept a private street as a public dedication until such street is shown to meet all applicable street design standards required for public streets in this code.
(11) Deceleration Lanes. All subdivisions shall have deceleration lanes accessing the primary street of the Village at the intersection of the subdivision's street and the primary street that shall include all through streets in order to facilitate the ingress and egress of the traffic of the subdivision. All deceleration lanes shall be 150 feet long and twelve (12) feet wide. The layout of deceleration lanes shall be part of the subdivision sketches and site plan prepared by the developer to be presented to the Planning Commission for review. (Ord. 2879. Passed 10-23-23.)