(A) There shall be provided at the time of the erection of any building or the establishment of any use or at the time any principal building or use is enlarged or increased in capacity by adding dwelling units, guest rooms, seats, floor, storage or sales area; or before conversion from one type of use or occupancy to another, permanent off-street parking in the amount specified by this section. Such parking space may be provided in a parking garage or property graded open space.
(B) The following regulations concerning required parking shall apply.
(1) Each zoning permit application filed with the Zoning Administrator shall include information as to the location and dimensions of off-street parking space and the means of ingress and egress to such space. This information shall be sufficient detail to determine whether or not the requirements of this section are met. No certificate of occupancy shall be issued until the parking requirements and regulations are fully met.
(2) The required parking space for any number of separate uses may be combined in one lot, but the required space assigned to one use may not be assigned to another use, except that one-half of the parking space required for churches, theaters or assembly halls whose peak attendance will be at night or on Sundays may be assigned to a use which will be closed at night and on Sundays.
(3) If the off-street parking space required by this chapter cannot be reasonably provided on the same lot on which the principal use is located, such space may be provided on any land within 400 feet of the main entrance to such principal use.
(4) Parking space sizes shall be governed by the following dimensions:
(a) Parallel stall: 20 feet by nine feet;
(b) Angle stall: 19 feet by eight and one-half feet; and
(c) Ninety-degree stall: 19 feet by nine feet.
(5) Minimum aisle widths shall be:
Parking Angle (Degrees) | Aisle Width | |
One-Way Traffic | Two-Way Traffic | |
0 to 15 | 12 feet | 24 feet |
16 to 37 | 11 feet | 24 feet |
38 to 57 | 13 feet | 24 feet |
58 to 74 | 18 feet | 24 feet |
75 to 90 | 24 feet | 25 feet |
(6) A safe means of ingress and egress shall be provided for all parking spaces and driveways for uses other than single- and two-family residential shall be at least 24 feet wide.
(7) When off-street parking for more than five vehicles is provided, the following regulations shall apply in addition to all other regulations in this chapter:
(a) Surfacing. All such parking lots shall be graded and surfaced with crush and run, blacktop, concrete, brick or other such surfacing material to ensure a dustless surface condition. All shopping centers and commercial and office establishments providing off-street parking for more than 20 vehicles, and all nonresidential uses in the B-1 District providing off-street parking, shall have paved parking lots with blacktop, concrete or brick as paving material.
(b) Markings. Each parking space shall be maintained so as to be distinguishable.
(c) Lighting. Any lighting shall be so arranged as to direct the light and glare away from streets and adjacent property.
(d) Yards. All such parking lots shall observe a minimum front yard of not less than five feet and a side yard on a corner lot of not less than five feet. Parking lots in residential-agricultural and residential districts shall have front yards of not less than 15 feet, and side and rear yards of not less than five feet. Yard surrounding parking lots shall be planted and maintained in lawn or other appropriate planting, or shall be improved otherwise in keeping with the charter of adjacent property. When a parking lot is adjacent to residential-agricultural or residential zoned or used property and a buffer as defined in § 152.046 is not required, natural planting, hedges or a decorative fence to a height of at least six feet shall screen the parking lot from the residential property. In addition, the parking lot shall be landscaped in accordance with § 152.046.
(e) Curbs or bumpers. The required yards shall be set off from parking areas by either continuous curb or one non-continuous stationary bumper for each parking space abutting on a yard, which curb or bumper shall not be less than five inches or more than two feet high.
(f) Drainage. Parking lots shall not drain onto or across public sidewalks, or into adjacent property except into a natural watercourse of a drainage easement. In already developed areas where this condition would be impossible to meet, the Zoning Administrator may exempt the developer from this requirement, provided that adequate provision is made for drainage.
(g) Separation of bumper and walkways. In the event any parking stall abuts upon a walkway there shall be a space of three and one-half feet between the wheel bumper or curb and the edge of the walkway.
(h) Entrance and exits. On all corner lots, all vehicular openings shall be located at least 20 feet from the point of intersection of the established street right-of-way lines. No entrance or exit, whether on a corner lot or not, shall exceed 30 feet in width at the property line or 40 feet at the curb line. There shall be a minimum distance between driveways of 25 feet measured along the curb line, unless such driveways are less than five feet apart.
(i) Internal circulation. Sufficient area shall be provided within the property lines of the parking lot, exclusive or required yards, so that all vehicles may enter and leave the lot in a forward motion.
(8) Exceptions include the following.
(a) The Zoning Administrator may withhold a permit or certificate of occupancy if a parking layout not specifically prohibited by this section would be likely to cause avoidable safety or traffic congestion problems until modification is made. The applicant may appeal the Zoning Administrator’s decision to the Board of Adjustment under the normal procedure for an appeal.
(b) If a peculiar characteristic of an establishment makes the requirements in this section clearly unrealistic, the Board of Adjustment may grant the applicant a parking modification.
(c) In the Central Business District, the Zoning Administrator may allow a new use to be established in an existing building even if all parking requirements of this chapter cannot be met for the new use, provided that as much off-street parking as can reasonably be provided is provided by the use, and no foreseeable traffic congestion problems will be created.
(9) The minimum number of required off-street parking spaces shall be calculated as provided in division (B)(10) below. In the case of a building or use not expressly provided for, the number of off-street spaces shall be the same as for a similar use or inclusive category which is provided for. Where there is more than one use in a single structure, or on a single tract, for two or more instances of the same use, the minimum number of required off-street parking uses, except for shopping centers which are expressly provided for.
(10) The following shall be the minimum number of off-street parking spaces which shall be provided:
Type of Use | Number of Required Off-street Parking Spaces |
Type of Use | Number of Required Off-street Parking Spaces |
Commercial Uses: | |
Bowling alley | 5 per lane |
Campground Recreational vehicle Tent | 1 for each campsite, plus office parking requirement |
Car wash | 3 per wash lane |
Golf course (not including putting greens accessory to multi-family dwellings or hotels or motels) | 4 per hole |
Low generator retail and service establishments, such as furniture, appliance, household equipment, carpet and hardware stores, repair shops, including shoe repair, contractors’ showrooms, drapery, paint and wallpaper, upholstery, interior decorator, motel vehicle sales and plant nurseries | 1 for each 500 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof, including any outdoor sales area |
Restaurant (drive-in or take-out with fewer than 30 seats) | Minimum of 15 spaces, plus 1 additional space for each 50 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof |
Restaurant (other) | 1.2 for each 100 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof |
Service stations | 2 for each gas pump, plus 3 for each grease rack or fraction thereof |
Shopping centers (in lieu of individual store parking requirements) | 5.5 per 1,000 square feet of gross leaseable area or fraction thereof |
All other industrial uses, such as retail stores, wholesale outlet stores, department stores, drugstores, coin-operated laundries and variety stores | 1 of each 200 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof, including any outdoor sales area |
Industrial Uses: | |
Industrial and research uses, warehousing, and very low customer volume wholesaling operations | 1 for each employee on premises at any 1 time |
Institutional Uses: | |
Financial institutions | 1 for each 150 square feet gross floor area or fraction thereof, plus safe facilities to accommodate passengers waiting in line for drive-in window and banking machines, if any |
Hospitals | 1 space for each 150 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof |
Libraries | 1 space for each 200 square feet for use by the public or fraction thereof |
Museums and art galleries | 1 space for each 800 square feet of gross floor area |
Nursing homes, family care homes and similar institutions | 0.5 times the maximum lawful number of occupants |
Places of assembly, including clubs, lodges, churches, funeral parlors, auditoriums, gymnasiums, amusement parks and similar places | 1 for each 3 seats, plus 1 for each 100 square feet of floor area used for assembly, but not containing fixed seats, or fraction thereof |
Offices: | |
Doctor or dentist | 6 for each doctor or dentist plus one for each other employee |
Other | 1 for each 300 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof |
Residential Uses: | |
Dwellings, single-family and two-family | 2 per dwelling unit |
Dwellings, multi-family | 2 spaces for each dwelling unit plus 1 visitor space for each 4 dwelling units |
Group housing, such as boarding houses, dormitories and similar establishments | 1.2 for each bedroom |
Mobile homes/manufactured houses on individual lots | 2 per mobile home |
Mobile home parks | 2 spaces for each mobile home plus 1 visitor parking space for each 4 mobile homes |
Townhouses | 2 spaces for each dwelling unit plus 1 visitor space for each 4 dwelling units |
Schools and Colleges: | |
Colleges, trade colleges, vocational colleges without dormitories | 10 for each 750 square feet of classroom floor area or fraction thereof, plus auditorium/gymnasium/dormitory parking requirement, if applicable |
Day nurseries, kindergartens, elementary schools or junior highs | 2 for each 750 square feet of classrooms floor area or fraction thereof, plus 1 for each administrative office, plus auditorium/gymnasium parking, if applicable |
Senior highs and colleges, trade colleges and vocational colleges with dormitories | 5 for each 750 square feet of classroom floor area or fraction thereof, plus 1 for each administrative office, plus auditorium/dormitory parking requirement if applicable. |
(1992 Code, § 152.085) (Ord. passed 11- -1988)