For the purpose of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
CANDELA. A measure of luminous or light intensity in a certain direction. Useful in determining how much light is shining out of a fixture and in what direction.
FIXTURE. An assembly that holds the lamp (bulb) in a lighting system. It includes the elements designed to give light output control, such as a reflector (mirror) or refractor (lens), the ballast, housing, and the attachment parts.
FLOOD LAMP. A form of lighting designed to direct its output in a specific direction with a reflector formed from the glass envelope of the lamp itself. Such lamps are so designated by the manufacturers and are typically used in residential outdoor area lighting.
FLOOD LIGHT. A form of lighting designed to direct its output in a diffuse, more or less specific direction, with reflecting or refracting elements located external to the lamp.
FOOTCANDLE (FC). A quantitative unit measuring the amount of light (illumination) falling onto a given point. One FOOTCANDLE equals one lumen per square foot.
GLARE. The effect produced by a light source within the visual field that is sufficiently brighter than the level to which the eyes are adapted, to cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss of visual performance and ability.
HID or HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LIGHTING. A bulb type including mercury vapor, metal halide, high pressure, or low-pressure sodium, which glow when an electric current is passed through a gas mixture inside the bulb.
IESNA. The Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, a non-profit professional organization of lighting specialists that has established recommended design standards for various lighting applications.
ILLUMINANCE. The amount of light falling on a surface-measured in lux or footcandles.
INTERNAL REFRACTIVE LENS.
(1) A glass or plastic lens installed between the lamp and the sections of the outer fixture globe or enclosure.
(2) REFRACTIVE refers to the redirection (bending) of the light as it goes through the lens, softening and spreading the light being distributed from the light source, thereby reducing direct glare.
LIGHT SOURCE. The element of a lighting fixture that is the point of origin of the lumens emitted by the fixture.
LIGHT TRESPASS. Light emitted by a lighting installation that falls outside the boundaries of the property on which the installation is sited. This has adverse effects on residents, vehicle operators, pedestrians, and the natural environment.
LUMEN. A quantitative unit used to identify the amount of light emitted by a light source. A lamp is generally rated in LUMENS.
MAINTAINED FOOTCANDLES. Illuminance of lighting fixtures adjusted for a maintenance factor accounting for dirt build-up and lamp output depreciation. The maintenance factor used in the design process to account for this depreciation cannot be lower than 0.72 for high-pressure sodium and 0.64 for metal halide and mercury vapor.
MEDIUM BASE. The size of lamp socket designed to accept a medium or Edison base lamp.
OUTDOOR PERFORMANCE AREA. An area permanently dedicated to the public presentation of music, dance, theater, media arts, storytelling, oratory, or other performing arts, whether publicly or privately owned, including, but not limited to, amphitheaters and similar open or semi-enclosed structures.
OUTDOOR SPORTS FIELD. An area designed for recreation (public or privately owned). These areas include, but are not limited to, baseball/softball diamonds, soccer fields, football fields, golf courses, golf driving ranges, tennis courts, racetracks, firearm shooting ranges, and swimming pools.
RIGHT-OF-WAY. An interest in land to the town which provides for the perpetual right and privilege of the town, its agents, franchise holders, successors, and assigns to construct, install, improve, reconstruct, remove, replace, inspect, repair, maintain, and use a public street, including related and customary uses of street RIGHTS-OF-WAY, such as sidewalks, bike paths, landscaping, mass transit facilities, traffic control, traffic control devices and signage, sanitary sewer, storm water drainage, water supply, cable television, electric power, gas, and telephone transmission and related purposes in, upon, over, below, and across the RIGHTS-OF-WAY.
TEMPORARY LIGHTING. Lighting used for a limited duration, but in no case longer than 30 days.
VEHICULAR CANOPY. A roofed, open, drive-through structure designed to provide temporary shelter for vehicles and their occupants while making use of a business’ services.
WALL PACK. A type of light fixture typically flush-mounted on a vertical wall surface.
WIDE-BODY REFRACTIVE GLOBE. A translucent lamp enclosure used with some outdoor fixtures to provide a decorative look (including, but not limited to, acorn- and carriage light-style fixtures).
(1) WIDE-BODY. A wider than average size globe (greater than 15.75 inches in diameter).
(2) REFRACTIVE. The redirection (bending) of the light as it goes through the lens, rendering the light fixture more effective. WIDE-BODY REFRACTIVE GLOBES are intended to soften and spread the light being distributed from the light source thereby reducing direct glare.
(2003 Code, Chapter 28)