(a) Residential Specifications. The following specifications shall apply to the construction of any residential driveway and driveway apron, whether original installation or repair work and whether or not such driveway or apron is intended for public or private use, for driveways within the limits of any public highway.
(1) Composition. Any and all concrete used for driveway and apron purposes shall:
A. Contain a cement content of six bag mix at ninety-four pounds per bag of Portland cement;
B. Have an air entrainment of six percent to eight percent at the time of pour;
C. Consist of sound coarse aggregate one inch or smaller and conform to all standards set forth in the State of Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications, the latest edition;
D. Be used with clean, sharp, lake or bank sand, containing less than six percent loam or other foreign substances, and entirely free from clay, shale or vegetation. All sand used shall be uniformly graded from that which will pass a Number 4 sieve to a Number 100 sieve, and at least one-third of the material shall be retained upon a Number 30 sieve. Materials shall conform to all standards set forth in the State of Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications, the latest edition;
E. Contain no more water than will permit a slump between a minimum of four inches and a maximum of six inches; and
F. Have a uniform thickness of four inches with mesh or six inches without mesh in the private driveway, seven inches in the driveway apron and four inches in the public sidewalk, except for that adjacent to the apron.
(2) Curing; mixing; finishing.
A. Minimum floating and finishing shall be required. A broom finish or float finish shall be required. Finishing must be delayed until water sheen (bleed water) has disappeared from the surface.
B. A curing compound must be applied immediately after broom finishing without damaging the surface according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
C. Calcium or other admixtures shall not be added at the job site.
(3) Base.
A. The base must be smooth and consist of undisturbed or compacted earth. Stone, gravel or limestone screenings or other nonsettling material approved by the Building Commissioner may be used as a leveling course. Excavations or trenches under a drive must be compacted or filled with a nonsettling material. The use of cinders is prohibited.
B. The subgrade or base shall be dampened if it is dry before pouring.
(4) Joints.
A. Control joints, whether hand-tooled or sawn, shall be to a depth of one-fourth the thickness of the slab. The dimension of any control joint panel shall not exceed ten feet.
B. One-half inch expansion joints shall be required every thirty feet on driveways.
C. Isolation joints shall be required where concrete abuts any structure, including, but not limited to, foundations, garage floors, stoops and paved streets.
(5) Plant and contractor's report.
A. In any construction provided for in this subsection, all suppliers shall, at the time of loading for delivery to a user, complete a delivery ticket which shall state:
1. Delivery destination;
2. Size of the load;
3. Concrete mix;
4. Air entrainment;
5. Amount of water added at the plant;
6. Admixture added;
7. Amount of calcium chloride added;
8. Time of truck loading;
9. Address or sublot number of the pour location;
10. Time of arrival;
11. Time of pour;
12. Name of the builder or user;
13. Name of the cement contractor or user;
14. Amount of water added at the job site;
15. Area temperature at the time of pour; and
16. Curing compound used and type.
B. An original and two copies of the report provided for in paragraph (a)(5)A. hereof shall be signed by the supplier and the contractor. Such persons, by affixing their signatures to the report, warrant that the statements contained therein are true, under penalty of law. The original shall be sent to the Building Commissioner, a copy shall be sent to the builder and a copy shall be retained by the supplier.
(b) Nonresidential Specifications. All concrete work on public property and within the limits of any public highway in the City, whether original installation or repair work, except as may be otherwise specifically provided, shall meet and be governed by the following specifications.
(1) Composition. Any and all concrete used for any purpose shall:
A. Contain a cement content of six bag mix at ninety-four pounds per bag of Portland cement;
B. Have an air entrainment of six percent to eight percent at the time of pour;
C. Consist of sound coarse aggregate one inch or smaller and conform to all standards set forth in the State of Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications, the latest edition;
D. Be used with clean, sharp, lake or bank sand, containing less than six percent of loam or other foreign substances, and entirely free from clay, shale or vegetation. All sand used shall be uniformly graded from that which will pass a Number 4 sieve to a Number 100 sieve, and at least one-third of the material shall be retained upon a Number 30 sieve. Materials shall conform to all standards set forth in the State of Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications, the latest edition;
E. Contain no more water than will permit a slump up to a maximum of five inches; and
F. Have a uniform thickness of six inches with mesh or eight inches without mesh in the private driveway and driveway apron and four inches in the public sidewalk.
(2) Curing; mixing; finishing.
A. Minimum floating and finishing shall be required. A broom finish shall be required. Finishing must be delayed until water sheen (bleed water) has disappeared from the surface.
B. A curing compound must be applied immediately after broom finishing without damaging the surface according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
C. Calcium or other admixtures shall not be added at the job site.
(3) Base.
A. The base must be smooth and consist of undisturbed or compacted earth. Stone, gravel or limestone screenings or other nonsettling material approved by the Building Commissioner may be used as a leveling course. Excavations or trenches under a drive must be compacted or filled with a nonsettling material. The use of cinders is prohibited.
B. The subgrade or base shall be dampened if it is dry before pouring.
(4) Joints.
A. Control joints, whether hand-tooled or sawn, shall be to a depth of one-fourth the thickness of the slab. The dimension of any control joint panel shall not exceed ten feet.
B. One-half inch expansion joints shall be required at a minimum of every thirty feet in the pour area.
C. Isolation joints shall be required where concrete abuts any structure, including, but not limited to, foundations, garage floors, stoops and paved streets.
(5) Plant and contractor's report.
A. In any construction provided for in this subsection, all suppliers shall, at the time of loading for delivery to a user, complete a delivery ticket which shall state:
1. Delivery destination;
2. Size of the load;
3. Concrete mix;
4. Air entrainment;
5. Amount of water added at the plant;
6. Admixture added;
7. Amount of calcium chloride added;
8. Time of truck loading;
9. Address or sublot number of the pour location;
10. Time of arrival;
11. Time of pour;
12. Name of the builder or user;
13. Name of the cement contractor or user;
14. Amount of water added at the job site;
15. Area temperature at the time of pour; and
16. Curing compound used and type.
B. An original and two copies of the report provided for in paragraph (b)(5)A. hereof shall be signed by the supplier and the contractor. Such persons, by affixing their signatures to the report, warrant that the statements contained therein are true, under penalty of law. The original shall be sent to the Building Commissioner, a copy shall be sent to the builder and a copy shall be retained by the supplier.
(c) General Requirements.
(1) All concrete used shall be subject to a strength test and an air test (where applicable), if ordered by the City Engineer, such tests to be made by a reputable laboratory selected by the Engineer. If a test is required, six test cylinders, six inches in diameter and twelve inches high, shall be made as described in Standard Method of Masking and Storing Compression Test Specimens of Concrete in the Field, A.S.T.M. Designation C 31-33, for testing in accordance with Standard Methods of Making Compression Tests of Concrete, A.S.T.M. Designation C 3933. Three such cylinders shall be used to adequately perform the required seven-day test, and three cylinders to adequately perform the twenty-eight day test. The resulting compression strength must be not less than 2,500 pounds per square inch in seven days and not less than 3,500 pounds per square inch in twenty-eight days in a six sack mix, and 4,000 pounds per square inch in twenty-eight days in a six and one-half sack mix. Strength tests may be utilized for the purpose of checking on quality of materials used and method of mixing. If any test falls below the standard of specifications set forth herein, the Engineer may, at his or her discretion, order the contractor to discontinue the use of any cement, sand or stone being used in the concrete, and to supply other grades of materials which will produce the standard strength as specified above. The costs of all such tests shall be at the expense of the contractor.
(2) Excavation of subgrade shall be made to the depth necessary to permit the required thickness of ballast and thickness of concrete for the specified installation. The contractor shall remove all spongy material, roots, shale, loam and earth, and all material excavated shall be removed from the premises by the contractor. Any fill necessary to level shall meet the specifications of this chapter and shall be compacted uniformly as may be approved by the Engineer or his or her inspector.
(3) No broken concrete may be used as a part of the bed. Ballast under concrete sidewalk shall have a thickness or depth of three inches after rolling; of four inches under residential driveway aprons and that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways; and of six inches under commercial driveways and that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways.
(4) Concrete shall be thoroughly mixed before being deposited in clean, steel forms adequately braced to prevent distortion from the specified dimensions. Steel forms shall be used on all straight sections of sidewalk. Wood forms shall not be used except for single sections of five feet or less, for special curved sections or for such special work as may require wood forms and for which permission is given by the Engineer. All forms used, whether steel or wood, shall not be permitted to become warped or twisted, shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer or his or her inspector, and shall be of a size sufficient to produce an installation of the required thickness. All forms shall be kept clean and free from defects and shall be coated with a suitable oil before filling with concrete.
(5) Foundation beds shall be sprinkled if necessary due to weather conditions immediately prior to the pouring of the concrete, which when mixed shall be rapidly deposited in the forms. Any concrete not in final position within one hour after completion of the mixing must be discarded. Under no circumstances may concrete that has partially set be used, and the remixing of such materials is specifically prohibited. Concrete shall be deposited between bulkheads to a uniform thickness and to the full depth and width of the form. Any irregular or sloping surfaces shall be avoided. Concrete after being placed or poured shall be thoroughly tamped and consolidated so that none of the limestone appears on the surface, and it shall be thoroughly compacted and brought to the proper pitch and grade with a templet or straight edge.
(6) Immediately prior to finishing the surface, the concrete shall be cut into slabs not longer than ten feet on any one side. Control joints, whether hand-tooled or sawn, shall be to a depth of one-fourth the thickness of the slab. Approved expansion joints shall be used on each side of the driveway where it passes through the public sidewalk. Any saw-cut joints must be filled with tar or approved joint filler.
(7) Finishing of the work shall immediately follow the placing and compacting of the concrete after the water sheen has disappeared from the surface. The least amount of finishing should be done, and water shall not be added to the surface. All surfaces shall be free from depressions or inequalities. The application of dry cement to hasten drying of the surface is specifically prohibited.
(8) In rainy weather, concrete shall be protected as soon as it is finished, and in hot or dry weather, the concrete shall be properly cured with an approved curing compound, as per manufacturer's specifications. No concrete shall be poured between November 15 and April 30 without applying a six-inch straw cover or an approved blanket cover.
(9) Prepared strips of bitumen and fiber or mineral aggregate shall be laced in concrete installations at intervals of at least thirty feet, and shall also be placed at all points where the work abuts curbing or a lateral sidewalk and along the line of a building where the work is laid full width from the curb to a building or other structures. Similar joints shall be placed around all water meter covers, gas boxes, hydrants, lamp tankards or other fixed objects projecting through the installation. All such strips shall be one-fourth of an inch in thickness, except for transverse joints when the temperature is below seventy degrees Fahrenheit, in which event the strips shall be one-half an inch in thickness. The top of the strip shall be cut off flush with the top of the concrete.
(10) While the specifications provided for in paragraphs (c)(1) through (9) hereof are based on the use of "ready mix" concrete, it will be permissible to mix the concrete at the site of installation, provided an inspector is present and further provided the concrete is mixed in a mechanical batch type mixer operated for two minutes at the rate of twelve to eighteen revolutions per minute. Mixing by hand in a box or on a platform is prohibited. Not more than five gallons of water shall be used per sack of cement and all quantities of sand and aggregate shall be measured before placing them in the mixer. Proportions shall be governed by the specifications set forth in this chapter.
(11) Concrete installations regulated by this chapter shall have the following thickness or depth when used for the following purposes:
A. Public sidewalks, except that portion crossed by a driveway, shall have a thickness of four inches.
B. That portion of private residential driveways within the limits of any public highway (commonly called driveway aprons), and including that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways, shall have a thickness of six inches.
C. Private commercial driveways within the limits of any public highway and including that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways shall have a thickness of from six inches to eight inches, as may be required by the Engineer.
The specifications provided for in this paragraph are the minimum requirements, and any installation which fails to meet such specifications will be considered as faulty and will be condemned and required to be replaced. Determination of such measurements shall be made after the sand ballast has been thoroughly compressed or compacted in place.
(12) The contractor shall use all due precautions to protect and shall follow stakes and working lines set by the Engineer. All work shall be carried on and material placed so as to offer the least possible obstruction to vehicular or pedestrian traffic. Barricades and red lights shall be maintained by the contractor for such period as may be required.
(13) No water may be used from City mains by a private contractor unless permission is granted and provision made for the method of measurement and payment for water used.
(14) Upon completion of any work, the area adjacent thereto shall be cleaned of all waste material, excavated dirt, etc., which the contractor shall remove to the nearest dump.
(15) No truck washout and/or excess, left over, unuseable concrete shall be washed into any private or public sewer system.
(Ord. 1986-51. Passed 10-15-86.)