(a) Defined.
(1) "Drug paraphernalia," as used in this section, means all equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the human body a controlled substance in violation of State or local law. It includes, but is not limited to:
A. Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing or harvesting any species of plant which is a controlled substance or from which a controlled substance can be derived;
B. Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing or preparing a controlled substance;
C. Isomerization devices used, intended for use or designed for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance;
D. Testing equipment used, intended for use or designed for use in identifying or in analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of a controlled substance;
E. Scales and balances used, intended for use or designed for use in weighing or measuring a controlled substance;
F. Diluents and adulterants, such as quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, mannile, dextrose and lactose, used, intended for use or designed for use in cutting a controlled substance;
G. Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining, marijuana;
H. Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons and mixing devices used, intended for use or designed for use in compounding controlled substances;
I. Capsules, balloons, envelopes and other containers used, intended for use or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances;
J. Containers and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in storing or concealing controlled substances;
K. Hypodermic syringes, needles and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in parenterally injecting controlled substances into the human body; and
L. Objects used, intended for use or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing marijuana, cocaine, hashish or hashish oil into the human body, such as:
1. Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes, with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured metal bowls;
2. Water pipes;
3. Carburetion tubes and devices;
4. Smoking and carburetion masks;
5. Roach clips, meaning objects used to hold burning materials, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand;
6. Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials;
7. Chamber pipes;
8. Carburetor pipes;
9. Electric pipes;
10. Air-driven pipes;
11. Chillums;
12. Bongs; and
13. Ice pipes or chillers;
(2) In determining whether an object is "drug paraphernalia," a court or other authority should consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, the following:
A. Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use;
B. Prior convictions, if any, of an owner or of anyone in control of the object under any State or Federal law relating to any controlled substance;
C. The proximity of the object in time and space to a direct violation of the State law;
D. The proximity of the object to controlled substances;
E. The existence of any residue of controlled substances on the object;
F. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner or of anyone in control of the object to deliver it to persons whom he or she knows intends to use the object to facilitate a violation of State or local law. The innocence of an owner or of anyone in control of the object as to a direct violation of State law shall not prevent a finding that the object is intended for use or designed for use as drug paraphernalia.
G. Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use;
H. Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain or depict its use;
I. National and local advertising concerning its use;
J. The manner in which the object is displayed for sale;
K. Whether or not the owner or anyone in control of the object is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as a licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products;
L. Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales of the object to the total sales of the business enterprise;
M. The existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community; and
N. Expert testimony concerning its use.
(b) Possession. No person shall use, or possess with intent to use, drug paraphernalia to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, manufacture, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, conceal, inject, ingest, inhale or otherwise introduce into the human body a controlled substance in violation of State or local law.
(c) Manufacture, Delivery or Sale. No person shall deliver, sell, possess with intent to deliver or sell or manufacture with intent to deliver or sell, drug paraphernalia, knowing that it will be used to plant, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze, pack, repack, store, contain, conceal, inject, ingest, inhale or otherwise introduce into the human body a controlled substance in violation of State law.
(d) Advertisement. No person shall place in any newspaper, magazine, handbill, sign, poster or other publication any advertisement, knowing that the purpose of the advertisement, in whole or in part, is to promote the sale of objects designed or intended for use as drug paraphernalia.
(e) Exceptions. This section shall not apply to manufacturers, wholesalers, jobbers, licensed medical technicians, technologists, nurses, hospitals, research teaching institutions, clinical laboratories, medical doctors, osteopathic physicians, dentists, chiropodists, veterinarians, pharmacists and embalmers in the normal legal course of their respective businesses or professions, nor to persons suffering from diabetes, asthma or any other medical condition requiring self-injection.
(f) Civil Forfeiture. Any drug paraphernalia used, sold, possessed with intent to use or sell or manufactured with intent to sell in violation of this section shall be seized and forfeited to the City.
(Res. 86-596. Passed 8-25-86.)