(a) Fines and Sanctions. A minor shall not purchase or attempt to purchase alcoholic liquor, consume or attempt to consume alcoholic liquor, or possess or attempt to possess alcoholic liquor, or have any bodily alcohol content, except as provided in this section. A minor who violates this subsection is responsible for a municipal civil infraction or guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by the following fines and sanctions:
(1) For the first violation, the minor is responsible for a civil infraction and shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars ($100.00). A court may order the minor to participate in substance use disorder services as defined in section 6230 of the Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, M.C.L.A. 333.6230, and designated by the Administrator of the State Office of Substance Abuse Services, and may order the minor to perform community service and to undergo substance abuse screening and assessment at the individual’s own expense.
(2) For a violation of this subsection that occurs after one prior judgment, the minor is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 30 days if the court finds that the minor violated an order of probation, failed to successfully complete any treatment, screening, or community service ordered by the court, or failed to pay any fine for that conviction or juvenile adjudication, or by a fine of not more than two hundred dollars ($200.00), or both. A court may order the minor to participate in substance use disorder services as defined in section 6230 of the Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, M.C.L.A. 333.6230, and designated by the Administrator of the State Office of Substance Abuse Services, to perform community service, and to undergo substance abuse screening and assessment at the individual’s own expense.
(3) For a violation of this subsection that occurs after two or more prior judgments, the minor is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 60 days, if the court finds that the minor violated an order of probation, failed to successfully complete any treatment, screening, or community service ordered by the court, or failed to pay any fine for that conviction or juvenile adjudication, or by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500.00), or both, as applicable. A court may order the minor to participate in substance use disorder services as defined in section 6230 of the Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, M.C.L.A. 333.6230, and designated by the Administrator of the State Office of Substance Abuse Services, to perform community service, and to undergo substance abuse screening and assessment at the individual’s own expense.
(b) Fraudulent Identification. An individual who furnishes fraudulent identification to a minor or, notwithstanding subsection (a), a minor who uses fraudulent identification to purchase alcoholic liquor, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 93 days or a fine of not more than one hundred dollars ($100.00), or both.
(c) Probation and Deferral. If an individual who pleads guilty to a misdemeanor violation of subsection (a)(2) or offers a plea of admission in a juvenile delinquency proceeding for a misdemeanor violation of subsection (a)(2), the court, without entering a judgment of guilt in a criminal proceeding or a determination in a juvenile delinquency proceeding that the juvenile has committed the offense and with the consent of the accused, may defer further proceedings and place the individual on probation. The terms and conditions of that probation include, but are not limited to, the sanctions set forth in subsection (a)(3), payment of the costs including minimum state cost as provided for in section 18m of chapter XIIA of the Probate Code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, M.C.L.A. 712A.18m, and section 1j of chapter IX of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1927 PA 175, M.C.L.A. 769.1j, and the costs of probation as prescribed in section 3 of chapter XI of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1927 PA 175, M.C.L.A. 771.3. If a court finds that an individual violated a term or condition of probation or that the individual is utilizing this subsection in another court, the court may enter an adjudication of guilt, or a determination in a juvenile delinquency proceeding that the individual has committed the offense, and proceed as otherwise provided by law. If an individual fulfills the terms and conditions of probation, the court shall discharge the individual and dismiss the proceedings. A discharge and dismissal under this section is without adjudication of guilt or without a determination in a juvenile delinquency proceeding that the individual has committed the offense and is not a conviction or juvenile adjudication for purposes of disqualifications or disabilities imposed by law on conviction of a crime. An individual may obtain only one discharge and dismissal under this subsection. The court shall maintain a nonpublic record of the matter while proceedings are deferred and the individual is on probation and if there is a discharge and dismissal under this subsection. The Secretary of State shall retain a nonpublic record of a plea and of the discharge and dismissal under this subsection. These records shall be furnished to any of the following:
(1) To a court, prosecutor, or police agency on request for the purpose of determining if an individual has already utilized this subsection.
(2) To the Department of Corrections, a prosecutor, or a law enforcement agency, on the department’s, a prosecutor’s, or a law enforcement agency’s request, subject to all of the following conditions:
A. At the time of the request, the individual is an employee of the department of corrections, the prosecutor, or the law enforcement agency, or an applicant for employment with the department of corrections, the prosecutor, or the law enforcement agency.
B. The record is used by the department of corrections, the prosecutor, or the law enforcement agency only to determine whether an employee has violated his or her conditions of employment or whether an applicant meets criteria for employment.
(d) Deferred Violation-Prior to Judgment. A misdemeanor violation of subsection (a) successfully deferred, discharged, and dismissed under subsection (c) is considered a prior judgment for the purposes of subsection (a)(3).
(e) Court-Ordered Screening. A court may order an individual found responsible for or convicted of violating subsection (a) to undergo screening and assessment by a person or agency as designated by the department-designated community mental health entity as defined in section 100a of the Mental Health Code, 1974 PA 258, M.C.L.A. 330.1100a, to determine whether the individual is likely to benefit from rehabilitative services, including alcohol or drug education and alcohol or drug treatment programs. A court may order an individual subject to a misdemeanor conviction or juvenile adjudication of, or placed on probation regarding, a violation of subsection (a) to submit to a random or regular preliminary chemical breath analysis. The parent, guardian, or custodian of a minor who is less than 18 years of age and not emancipated under 1968 PA 293, M.C.L.A. 722.1 to 722.6, may request a random or regular preliminary chemical breath analysis as part of the probation.
(f) Preliminary Chemical Breath Analysis. A law enforcement officer who has reasonable cause to believe a minor has consumed alcoholic liquor or has any bodily alcohol content may require that individual to submit to a preliminary chemical breath analysis. A peace officer may arrest an individual based in whole or in part upon the results of a preliminary chemical breath analysis. The results of a preliminary chemical breath analysis or other acceptable blood alcohol test are admissible in a criminal prosecution to determine whether the minor has consumed or possessed alcoholic liquor or had any bodily alcohol content. A minor who refuses to submit to a preliminary chemical breath test analysis as required in this subsection is responsible for a municipal civil infraction and may be ordered to pay a civil fine of not more than one hundred dollars ($100.00).
(g) Notification of Parent or Guardian. A law enforcement officer, on determining that an individual who is less than 18 years of age and not emancipated under 1968 PA 293, M.C.L.A. 722.1 to 722.6, allegedly consumed, possessed, or purchased alcoholic liquor, attempted to consume, possess, or purchase alcoholic liquor, or had any bodily alcohol content in violation of subsection (a) shall notify the parent or parents, custodian, or guardian of the individual as to the nature of the violation if the name of a parent, guardian, or custodian is reasonably ascertainable by the law enforcement agency. The law enforcement officer shall notify the parent, guardian, or custodian not later than 48 hours after the law enforcement agency determines that the individual who allegedly violated subsection (a) is less than 18 years of age and not emancipated under 1968 PA 293, M.C.L.A. 722.1 to 722.6. The law enforcement officer may notify the parent, guardian, or custodian by any means reasonably calculated to give prompt actual notice including, but not limited to, notice in person, by telephone, or by first-class mail. If an individual less than 17 years of age is incarcerated for violating subsection (a), his or her parents or legal guardian shall be notified immediately as provided in this subsection.
(h) Possession of Alcohol in Course of Employment. This section does not prohibit a minor from possessing alcoholic liquor during regular working hours and in the course of his or her employment if employed by a person licensed by the Michigan Liquor Control Code of 1998 (M.C.L.A. 436.1101 et seq.), by the State Liquor Control Commission, or by an agent of the commission, if the alcoholic liquor is not possessed for his or her personal consumption.
(i) Exceptions. The following individuals are not considered to be in violation of subsection (a):
(1) A minor who has consumed alcoholic liquor and who voluntarily presents himself or herself to a health facility or agency for treatment or for observation including, but not limited to, medical examination and treatment for any condition arising from a violation of sections 520b to 520g of the Michigan Penal Code, 1931 PA 328, M.C.L.A. 750.520b to 750.520g, committed against a minor.
(2) A minor who accompanies an individual who meets both of the following criteria:
A. Has consumed alcoholic liquor.
B. Voluntarily presents himself or herself to a health facility or agency for treatment or for observation including, but not limited to, medical examination and treatment for any condition arising from a violation of sections 520b to 520g of the Michigan Penal Code, 1931 PA 328, M.C.L.A. 750.520b to 750.520g, committed against a minor.
(3) A minor who initiates contact with a peace officer or emergency medical services personnel for the purpose of obtaining medical assistance for a legitimate health care concern.
(j) Vendor Liability. This section does not limit the civil or criminal liability of a vendor or the vendor’s clerk, servant, agent, or employee for a violation of the Michigan Liquor Control Code of 1998 (M.C.L.A. 436.1101 et seq.).
(k) Educational Use. The consumption of alcoholic liquor by a minor who is enrolled in a course offered by an accredited postsecondary educational institution in an academic building of the institution under the supervision of a faculty member is not prohibited by this section if the purpose of the consumption is solely educational and is a requirement of the course.
(l) Religious Service. The consumption by a minor of sacramental wine in connection with religious services at a church, synagogue, or temple is not prohibited by this section.
(m) Undercover Operations. Subsection (a) does not apply to a minor who participates in either or both of the following:
(1) An undercover operation in which the minor purchases or receives alcoholic liquor under the direction of the person’s employer and with the prior approval of the local prosecutor’s office as part of an employer-sponsored internal enforcement action.
(2) An undercover operation in which the minor purchases or receives alcoholic liquor under the direction of the State Police, the State Liquor Control Commission, or a local police agency as part of an enforcement action unless the initial or contemporaneous purchase or receipt of alcoholic liquor by the minor was not under the direction of the State Police, the State Liquor Control Commission, or the local police agency and was not part of the undercover operation.
(n) Affirmative Defense. In a prosecution for the violation of subsection (a) concerning a minor having any bodily alcohol content, it is an affirmative defense that the minor consumed the alcoholic liquor in a venue or location where that consumption is legal.
(o) Definitions. As used in this section:
(1) “Any bodily alcohol content” means either of the following:
A. An alcohol content of 0.02 grams or more per 100 milliliters of blood, per 210 liters of breath, or per 67 milliliters of urine.
B. Any presence of alcohol within a person’s body resulting from the consumption of alcoholic liquor, other than consumption of alcoholic liquor as a part of a generally recognized religious service or ceremony.
(2) “Emergency medical services personnel” means that term as defined in section 20904 of the Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, M.C.L.A. 333.20904.
(3) “Health facility or agency” means that term as defined in section 20106 of the Public Health Code, 1978 PA 368, M.C.L.A. 333.20106.
(4) “Minor” means a person under the age of 21.
(5) “Prior judgment” means a conviction, juvenile adjudication, finding of responsibility, or admission of responsibility for any of the following, whether under a law of this state, a local ordinance substantially corresponding to a law of this state, a law of the United States substantially corresponding to a law of this state, or a law of another state substantially corresponding to a law of this state:
A. This section or section 701 or 707 of the Michigan Liquor Control Code.
B. Section 624a, 624b, or 625 of the Michigan Vehicle Code, 1949 PA 300, M.C.L.A. 257.624a, 257.624b, and 257.625.
C. Section 80176, 81134, or 82127 of the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, 1994 PA 451, M.C.L.A. 324.80176, 324.81134, and 324.82127.
D. Section 167a or 237 of the Michigan Penal Code, 1939 PA 328, M.C.L.A. 750.167a and 750.237.
(Ord. 2017-08. Passed 12-11-17.)