1321.17 PARKING.
   (a)    Ingress and Egress.
      (1)   Adequate ingress and egress to the parking facility shall be provided by clearly defined driveways.
      (2)   In no event shall vehicles be permitted to back directly into the public street from the off-street parking area, except for parking areas for single- and two-family dwellings.
   (b)    Driveways.
      (1)   Driveways should be located to minimize traffic conflicts with traffic entering the street from either the same or the opposite side of the street.
      (2)   For residential uses, only one (1) driveway access per unit is permitted, except for u-shaped driveways. A lot with at least one hundred (100) feet of frontage along a street may be permitted one (1) additional driveway access.
      (3)   Nonresidential properties in any zoning district with frontages of six hundred (600) feet or less on any individual street are permitted one (1) driveway intersection per street.
      (4)   Nonresidential properties in any zoning district with frontages greater than six hundred (600) feet may be permitted a maximum of two (2) driveways per street frontage, provided that such driveways are at least three hundred (300) feet apart and that one (1) driveway is clearly marked for egress only and one (1) driveway is clearly marked for ingress only.
      (5)   Regardless of frontage, a development may be restricted to a single driveway depending on usage and interior and exterior traffic patterns.
      (6)   All access driveways shall be designed to conform to West Virginia DOT specifications with regard to roads.
   (c)    On any lot, no wall, fence, hedge, tree, shrub, or other obstruction shall be allowed which dangerously obscures the view of approaching traffic along the street, or at any intersection, including driveways.
   (d)    In a residential district, no more than forty percent (40%) of the front yard may be used for parking, including driveways. Vehicles may not be stored upon any lawn or landscaped area.
   (e)    Off-street parking spaces, with proper and safe access from a street, shall be provided on all nonresidential lots, either within a structure or in the open, to serve the uses upon that lot.
   (f)    Parking Requirements.
      (1)   The following minimum number of off-street parking spaces per use shall be provided for the uses indicated below as shown in Table 1321A: Minimum Parking Spaces Required.
      (2)   For uses not specified in this table the number of parking spaces shall be determined by the Zoning Officer on the basis of similar requirements, number of persons employed, and number of visitors. Appeals to the determination of parking spaces may be made to the Board of Zoning Appeals.
      (3)   All square footage is in gross floor area.
      (4)   For any nonconforming use which is hereafter damaged or partially destroyed, and which is lawfully reconstructed, re-established, or repaired, off-street parking and loading facilities equivalent to those maintained at the time of such damage or partial destruction shall be restored, provided, that parking or loading facilities in excess of those required by this code do not need to be restored.
      (5)   Parking requirements may be satisfied using on-street parking in front of buildings or public lots within three hundred (300) feet of primary building entrances.
      (6)   Requirements for Places of Worship or Religious Institutions can be reduced if a public parking lot is located within (300) feet or the church has a signed agreement with neighboring businesses.
      (7)   Combination of uses. Where there is a combination of uses on a lot, the required number of parking spaces shall be the sum of that found for each use, dividing the gross floor area proportionately between the different uses. The required parking space for any number of separate uses may be combined in one lot, but the required space assigned to one use may not be assigned to another use at the same time, except that one half (1/2) of the parking space required for places of worship or religious institutions, theaters, or assembly halls with peak attendance at night or on Sunday may be assigned to a use which will be closed at night or on Sunday.
 
Table 1321A: Minimum Parking Spaces Required (GFA=Gross Floor Area)
Use
Minimum Number of Parking Spaces
Residential Uses
Single family Residential
2 spaces per dwelling unit
Multi-family Residential
1 per bedroom (minimum of 2 parking spaces)
Continuing Care Facility
1 space for every 2 beds, computed on the basis of the maximum bed capacity of the structure
Senior Independent Housing
1.5 space for 1 bedroom unit
2 spaces for 2 bedroom unit
2.5 spaces for 3 or more bedroom unit
Educational, Institutional, Social and Fraternal Uses
Assembly (Places of Worship, theaters,
auditoriums, etc)
1 space per 4 fixed seats, 1 space per 60 square feet of the main assembly where no fixed seats are used
Community Facility
1 space per 100 square feet and 1 space per
employee
Cultural Service
Parking or storage for all vehicles used in operation, plus 4 spaces for first 1,000 square feet and 1 additional space for every 150 square feet
Educational Institution
1 space for every 5 seats occupied at maximum capacity in an assembly hall, auditorium, or stadium of greatest capacity on the campus; or if none exists,
1 space for each person employed plus 5 spaces for each classroom
Park
5 spaces per acre of outdoor area
School, K-12
2 spaces per classroom; 5 per classroom in high schools
School, Commercial
6 spaces per classroom
Business and Industrial
Bed and Breakfast Inn
1 space per guest room and 1 space per nonresident employee, in addition to the residential parking requirements
Child Day Care Facilities
1 space per employee and 1 additional space for every 10 children enrolled; 1 designated drop off/pick-up space is permitted
Clinics
1 space for each exam room and 1 space for each employee
Commercial (Retail, Office)
1 space for each 200 square feet
Hospital
1 space for every 2 beds
Hotels, Motels, etc.
1 space per guest room and 1 space for each 2 employees; and 1 space per 3 persons to the maximum capacity of the largest banquet or meeting room
 
Industrial
1 space for every employee, 1 space per vehicle used in operation of industry, 5 customer/visitor parking spaces
Restaurant/Tavern or Drinking Establishment I or II/Night Club
1 space per 100 square feet plus 1 space per
employee
Restaurant, Carry Out
1 space per 2 employees
Restaurant, Fast Food
1 space per 2.5 seats plus 1 space per 2 employees
   (h)    Parking Space Dimensions.
      (1)   For angle parking, stalls shall be between nine (9) feet in width and eighteen (18) feet in length.
      (2)   For parallel parking, stalls shall be a minimum of eight (8) feet in width and twenty (20) feet in length.
      (3)   For compact space parking, stalls shall be not less than seven (7) feet wide and sixteen (16) feet long, reserved for the parking of only one compact automobile.
      (4)   The minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls, varying with angle of the parking, shall be as follows in Table 1321B: Parking Standards:
 
Table 1321B: Parking Standards
Angle of Parking
Minimum Aisle Width
(Double-Sided Parking)
Minimum Aisle Width
(Single-Sided Parking)
Parallel
12'
12'
45
12'-8"
12'-8"
60
16'
16'
75
20'
18'
90
24'
18'
      (5)   The required parking area shall be measured exclusive of interior drives or maneuvering areas.
      (6)   Parking spaces for use by persons with disabilities shall meet Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) standards.
      (7)   On property other than single and two-family residential property, parking may be allowed in the front, side, and rear yards, but no closer than fifteen (15) feet from a side or rear lot line or street right-of-way, provided that a landscaped buffer area is placed between the parking and adjacent lots.
      (8)   All parking areas shall be designed to be accessible year-round.
      (9)   Parking spaces shall be clearly delineated by suitable markings. Short-term visitor parking spaces shall be differentiated from long-term employee spaces by suitable markings or signage.
         (Passed 7-7-22.)