(a) Approved. Accepted by the Bridgeport Utility Board as meeting an applicable specification cited in this regulation, or as suitable for the proposed purpose.
(b) Assembly. A backflow preventer usually consisting of a combination of approved check valve components and additional instrumentation including approved shutoff valves and test cocks.
(c) Auxiliary Water Supply. Any water supply or water source, on or available, to the customer's premises other than the approved public potable water supply provided by the Bridgeport Utility Board.
(d) Backflow. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances, under positive or reduced pressure in the distribution pipes of a potable water supply from any source other than its intended source.
(e) Backflow Preventer. A testable device or assembly or means designed to prevent backflow or back-siphonage in a potable water system. Such a device is most commonly categorized as air gap, atmospheric vacuum breaker, barometric loop, double check valve assembly, double check valve with intermediate atmospheric vent, hose bibb vacuum breaker, pressure vacuum breaker, reduced pressure principle backflow preventer, and residential dual check.
(1) Air Gap. A physical separation sufficient to prevent backflow between the free-flowing discharge end of the potable water system and any other system. Physically defined as a distance equal to twice the diameter of the supply side pipe diameter but never less than one (1) inch.
(2) Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker. A device that prevents backflow by creating an atmospheric vent when there is either a negative pressure or sub-atmospheric pressure in a water system.
(3) Barometric loop. A fabricated piping arrangement rising at least thirty-five (35) feet at its topmost point above the highest fixture it supplies, installed to protect against back-siphonage.
(4) Double Check Valve Assembly. An assembly of two (2) independently operating spring loaded check valves with tightly closing shutoff valve on each side of the check valves, and properly located test cocks for the testing of each check valve.
(5) Double Check Valve with Intermediate Atmospheric Vent. A device having two (2) spring loaded check valves separated by an atmospheric vent chamber.
(6) Hose Bibb Vacuum Breaker. A device that is attached to a hose bibb and which acts as an atmospheric vacuum breaker.
(7) Pressure Vacuum Breaker. A device containing an independently operated spring loaded check valve and an independently operated spring loaded air inlet valve located on the discharge side of the check valve. The device includes tightly closing shut-off valves on each side of the valves and properly located cocks for the testing of the check and air valve.
(8) Reduced Pressure Principle Backflow Preventer. An assembly consisting of two (2) independently operating approved check valves with an automatically operating differential relief valve located between the two (2) check valves, tightly closing shut-off valves on each side of the check valves plus properly located test cocks for the testing of the check valves and the relief valve.
(9) Residential Dual Check. A device consisting of two (2) spring loaded independently operating check valves. Generally employed immediately downstream of the water meter to act as a fixture isolation device. (Residential Dual Check is not accepted or allowed by the Bridgeport Utility Board.)
(f) Backpressure. A condition in which the customer's system pressure is greater than the pressure in the serving public distribution system.
(g) Back-siphonage. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the distribution pipes of a potable water supply system from any source other than its intended source caused by the sudden reduction of pressure or negative pressure in the potable water supply system.
(h) Containment. A method of backflow prevention which requires a backflow preventer assembly be installed after the meter and prior to any water service entrance.
(i) Contaminant. A substance that will impair the quality of potable water to a degree that it creates a serious health hazard to the public leading to poisoning or the spread of disease.
(j) Cross-Connection. Any physical (direct or indirect) connection between the public water system and an unapproved water supply or other source of contamination or pollution.
(k) Customer. A customer is described as a billing unit or service connection to which drinking water is delivered by a public water system. A customer may also be identified as an owner.
(l) Degree of Hazard. The degree of hazard is the potential risk to public health and the potential adverse effects upon the public water system based on the probability of backflow occurring and the type or nature of the contaminant or pollutant. A health hazard is any condition, device or practice which creates or may create a danger to health and well being of the water consumer. A severe health hazard is any health hazard (contaminant) that could be expected to result in significant morbidity or death. A non-health hazard (pollutant) is any condition that could degrade the water quality or adversely affect the public water system.
(m) Device. A single body backflow preventer with one or two check valves that cannot be tested and does not have shut off valves or test cocks.
(n) Fixture Installation (internal isolation). A method of backflow prevention where a backflow preventer is located to control a cross-connection or potential source of contamination at an in-plant or facility piece of equipment or process located other than at a water service entrance.
(o) Owner. Any person who has legal title to, or license to operate, or resides in a property or facility which is supplied drinking water from a public water system. Also, may be referred to as a customer.
(p) Person. Any individual, partnership, company, public or private corporation, political subdivision or agency of the State, or agency/instrumentality of the United States, or any other legal entity.
(q) Pollutant. A foreign substance which if permitted to enter the public water system, will degrade potable water quality so as to constitute a hazard, or to impair the usefulness or quality of the water to a degree which does not create an actual hazard to the public health, but which does adversely and unreasonably affect (appearance or color, odor, taste, etc.) water for domestic use.
(r) Water Purveyor or Purveyor. The Bridgeport Utility Board, which is vested with the authority and responsibility for the implementation of a cross-connection control program and for the enforcement of the provisions of this article.
(s) Water Service Entrance. That point in the customer's water system beyond the sanitary control of the Bridgeport Utility Board, generally considered to be the outlet end of the water meter and always before any unprotected branch.
(t) West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (WVBPH). The State of West Virginia Bureau for Public Health, an agency of the West Virginia Division of Health and Human Resources. (Passed 10-10-16.)