In the construction of these Codified Ordinances, or any provision thereof, the following rules and definitions shall control, except those which are inconsistent with the manifest intent of Council as disclosed in a particular provision, section or chapter:
(1) Adopting Ordinance. "Adopting Ordinance" means the ordinance of the Municipality adopting the Codified Ordinances of Wolverine Lake.
(2) Authority. Whenever in the Codified Ordinances authority is given to an officer or an act is required to be performed, such authority may be exercised and such act may be performed, at the instance of such officer, by a deputy or subordinate, unless contrary to law or to the clear intent of any such particular provision.
(3) Authorized Village Official. “Authorized Village official” means a police officer or other personnel of the Village authorized by these Codified Ordinances or any ordinance to issue Municipal civil infraction citations or Municipal civil infraction violation notices.
(4) Bureau. “Bureau” means the Municipal Ordinance Violations Bureau.
(5) Calendar-Computation of Time. The terms "month" and "year" mean the calendar month or year. The time expressed in days within which an act is to be done or a period is to expire shall be computed by excluding the first and including the last day, unless the last day is a Sunday, in which case it shall be excluded. If time is expressed in hours, the whole of Sunday shall be excluded.
(6) Conjunctions. "And" includes "or" and "or" includes "and," if the sense so requires.
(7) Council. "Council" means the legislative authority of the Municipality.
(8) County. "County" means the County of Oakland, Michigan.
(9) Gender. Words importing the masculine shall extend and be applied to the feminine and neuter genders.
(10) General Rule. Except as otherwise provided in this section, words and phrases shall be construed according to the common usage of the language, provided, however, that technical words and phrases and such others as may have acquired a special meaning in the law shall be construed according to such technical or special meaning.
(11) Joint Authority. Words giving authority to a board, commission, authority or to three or more officers or employees or other persons shall be construed as giving authority to a majority thereof, unless otherwise specifically provided.
(12) Keeper and Proprietor. "Keeper" and "proprietor" mean persons, firms, associations, corporations, clubs and copartnerships, whether acting by themselves or as a servant, agent or employee.
(13) Land and Real Estate. "Land" and "real estate" include rights and easements of an incorporeal nature.
(14) Law. “Law” denotes applicable Federal law, the Constitution and statutes of the State of Michigan, the ordinances of the Village of Wolverine Lake, and, when appropriate, any and all rules and regulations which may be promulgated thereunder.
(15) Month. “Month” means a calendar month.
(16) Municipal civil infraction. “Municipal civil infraction” means a violation of a provision of an ordinance for which the remedy and/or penalty is prescribed to be a civil fine, or other sanction other than a criminal penalty. A Municipal civil infraction is not a lesser included offense of a criminal offense or of an ordinance violation that is not a civil infraction.
(17) Municipal civil infraction determination. “Municipal civil infraction determination” means a determination that a defendant is responsible for a Municipal civil infraction by one of the following:
A. An admission of responsibility for the Municipal civil infraction.
B. An admission of responsibility for the Municipal civil infraction, “with explanation.”
C. A preponderance of the evidence at an informal hearing or formal hearing.
D. A default judgment for failing to appear at a scheduled appearance.
(18) Municipal civil infraction violation notice. “Municipal civil infraction violation notice" means a written notice prepared by an authorized official, directing a person to appear at the Village of Wolverine Lake Municipal Ordinance Violations Bureau for the purpose of paying a civil fine and/or costs for a violation which is prescribed to be a Municipal civil infraction.
(19) Municipality or Village. "Municipality" or "Village" means the Village of Wolverine Lake, Michigan, or the area within the territorial limits of the Village of Wolverine Lake, and such territory over which the Village has jurisdiction or control by virtue of any constitutional or statutory provision.
(20) Number. Words in the plural include the singular and words in the singular include the plural number.
(21) Oath. "Oath" includes affirmation. When an oath is required or authorized by law, an affirmation in lieu thereof may be taken by a person having conscientious scruples about taking an oath. An affirmation shall have the same force and effect as an oath.
(22) Ordinance. "Ordinance" means and includes any ordinance of the Municipality, including any provision of these Codified Ordinances.
(23) Owner. "Owner," when applied to property, includes a part owner, joint owner, tenant in common or tenant by the entirety of the whole or any part of such property.
(24) Person. "Person" includes any individual, copartnership, corporation, association, club, joint venture, estate, trust and any other group or combination acting as a unit, and the individuals constituting such group or unit.
(25) Premises. "Premises," when used as applicable to property, extends to and includes land and buildings.
(26) President. "President" means the chief executive officer of the Municipality.
(27) Property. "Property" includes real and personal property and any mixed and lesser estates or interests therein. "Personal property" includes every kind of property except real property; "real property" includes lands, tenements and hereditaments.
(28) Public Place. "Public place" means any place to or upon which the public resorts or travels, whether such place is owned or controlled by the Village or any agency of the State or is a place to or upon which the public resorts or travels by custom or by invitation, express or implied.
(29) Publish. "Publish" means to print in a newspaper of general circulation in the Municipality the entire document or a brief summary thereof with a listing of places where copies have been filed and times when they are available for inspection.
(30) Reasonable Time. In all cases where provision is made for an act to be done or notice to be given within a reasonable time, it shall be deemed to mean such time only as may be necessary for the prompt performance of such act or the giving of such notice.
(31) Repeat Offense. “Repeat offense” shall mean a determination of responsibility for a second, or any subsequent, Municipal civil infraction with regard to the same ordinance, committed by the same person within any five-year period, unless some other period is specifically provided with regard to a specific ordinance.
(32) Residence. "Residence" means an abode in which a person permanently resides.
(33) Responsible or Responsibility. “Responsible and “responsibility” shall mean a determination entered by a court or magistrate that a person is in violation of an ordinance prescribed to be Municipal civil infraction.
(34) Shall, Must and May. "Shall" and “must” are mandatory; "may" is permissive.
(35) Sidewalk. "Sidewalk" means that portion of a street between the curb lines or lateral lines and the right-of-way lines, which is intended for the use of pedestrians.
(36) State. "State" means the State of Michigan.
(37) Street, Highway and Alley. "Street," "highway" and "alley" mean the entire width subject to an easement for public right of way, or owned in fee by the Village, County or State, of every way or place, of whatever nature, whenever any part thereof is open to the use of the public as a matter of right for purposes of public travel. The word "alley" means any such way or place providing a secondary means of ingress and egress from a property.
(38) Tenant and Occupant. "Tenant" and "occupant," as applied to buildings or land, shall extend and be applied to any person holding a written or oral lease of, or who occupies the whole or any part of, a building or land, alone or with others.
(39) Tenses. The use of any verb in the present tense includes the future.
(40) Time. Except where otherwise provided, the time within which an act is required to be done shall be computed by excluding the first day and including the last day, unless the last day is a Sunday or a legal holiday, in which case it shall also be excluded.
(41) Violation. “Violation” shall mean any act which is prohibited or made or declared to be unlawful or an offense under an ordinance, including affirmative acts as well as omissions and/or failures to act where the act is required by an ordinance.
(42) Written. “Written” includes printed, typewritten, mimeographed, multigraphed, or otherwise reproduced in permanent visible form.
(43) Year. “Year” means a calendar year.