(a) Residential Specifications. All concrete work, whether original installation of repair work, shall be applicable to the construction of any residential driveway and driveway apron, whether or not such is intended for public or private use, for driveways within the limits of any public highway and for all public sidewalks in the City, and shall meet and be governed by the specifications set forth herein.
(1) Any and all concrete used for any purposes shall:
A. Contain a cement content of six (6) bag mix at ninety-four (94) pounds per bag, of Portland cement.
B. Have an air entrainment of six percent (6%) to eight percent (8%) at the time of pour.
C. Consist of sound coarse aggregate one inch or smaller required, and shall meet with all Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications publication.
D. The sand used in concrete work shall be clean, sharp lake or bank sand containing less than six percent (6%) of loam or other foreign substances and shall be uniformly graded from that which will pass a No. 4 sieve to a No. 100 sieve, and at least one-third of the material shall be retained upon a No. 30 sieve. Materials shall meet with all Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material specifications.
E. Contain no more water than will permit a slump between a minimum of four (4") inches and a maximum of six (6") inches.
F. Have a uniform thickness of four (4") inches with mesh or six (6") inches without mesh in the private driveway and driveway apron and four inches in the public sidewalk.
(2) Mixing, finishing and curing.
A. Calcium or other add mixtures shall not be added at the job site or used in any mix to be utilized in City sidewalks or drive aprons.
B. Minimum floating and finishing required. A broom finish shall be required. Finishing must be delayed until water sheen (bleed water) has disappeared from the surface.
C. Curing compound must be applied immediately after boom finishing without damaging the surface according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
(3) Base.
A. Base must be smooth and consist of undisturbed or compacted earth. A minimum three (3") inch base material meeting the requirements of ODOT 304 limited to limestone or crushed gravel approved by the Building Director shall be used as leveling course. Excavations or trenches under a drive must be compacted or filled with a non-settling material. The use of cinders is prohibited.
B. Sub-grade or base shall be dampened if dry before pouring.
(4) Joints.
A. Control joints, whether hand tooled or sawn, shall be to a depth of one-fourth the thickness of the slab. The joints shall be spaced as follows:
1. In driveways and sidewalks, joints shall be spaced at intervals approximately equal to the slab width. Driveways and sidewalks wider than ten (10') to twelve (12') feet shall have a longitude joint down the center. In patio slabs, joints shall be no more than ten (10') feet apart in both directions.
If joints are to be sawn, sawing shall take place as soon as the concrete is hard enough not to be torn or damaged by the blade, but in all cases within twelve (12) hours after concrete placement.
B. Isolation joints shall be required where concrete, abuts any structure, including but not limited to, foundations, garage floors, stoops and paved streets.
(5) Time of pour.
A. Where the temperature in the surrounding area is below seventy (70º) degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum allowable time from loading to pour shall be one and one half hours.
B. Where the temperature in the surrounding area is above seventy degrees Fahrenheit, he maximum allowable time from load to pour shall be one hour.
C. No concrete shall be poured between November 15th and April 30th without applying a six (6") inch straw cover or an approved blanket cover.
(b) Nonresidential Specifications.
(1) All concrete work on public property and within the limits of any public highway in this City, whether original installation or repair work, except as otherwise may be specifically provided, shall meet and be governed by, the specifications herein set forth. Any and all concrete used for any purpose shall:
A. Contain a cement content of six and one half (6½) bag mix at ninety-four (94) pounds per bag of Portland Cement.
B. Have an air entrainment of six (6%) percent to eight (8%) at the time of pour.
C. Consist of sound coarse aggregate one inch or smaller required, and shall meet with all Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications publication.
D. The sand used in concrete work shall be clean, sharp lake or bank sand, containing less than six (6%) of loam or other foreign substances and shall be entirely free from clay, shale or vegetation. All sand used shall be uniformly graded from that which will pass a No. 4 sieve to a No. 30 sieve. Materials shall meet with all Ohio Department of Transportation Construction and Material Specifications publication.
E. Contain no more water than will permit a slump between a minimum of four (4") inches and a maximum of five (5") inches.
F. Have a uniform thickness of six (6") inches with mesh or eight (8") inches without mesh in the private driveway and driveway apron and four (4") inches in the public sidewalk.
(2) Curing, mixing, finishing.
A. Curing compound must be applied immediately after broom finishing without damaging the surface according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
B. Calcium or other admixtures shall not be added at the job site.
C. Minimum floating and finishing required. A broom finish shall be required. Finishing must be delayed until water sheen (bleed water) has disappeared from the surface.
(3) Base.
A. Base must be smooth and consist of undisturbed or compacted earth. A minimum three (3") inch stone, gravel, limestone screenings or nonsetting materials approved by the Building Director shall be used as a leveling course. Excavation or trenches under drive must be compacted or filled with a nonsetting material. The use of cinders is prohibited.
B. Sub-grade or base shall be dampened if dry before pouring.
(4) Joints.
A. Control joints, whether hand tooled or sawn shall be to a depth of one fourth the thickness of the slab. The dimension of any control joint panel shall not exceed ten (10') feet.
B. Isolation joints shall be required where concrete abuts any structure, including but not limited to, foundations, garage floors, stoops and paved streets.
(5) Time of pour.
A. Where the temperature in the surrounding area is below seventy (70º) degrees Fahrenheit the maximum allowable time from load to pour shall be one and one half hours.
B. Where the temperature in the surrounding area is above seventy (70º) degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum allowable time from load to pour shall be one hour.
C. No concrete shall be poured between November 15th and April 30th without applying a six (6") inch cover of straw or an approved blanket cover.
(6) Nonresidential concrete work: plant and contractor report.
A. In any construction within the application of this chapter all suppliers shall at the time of loading for delivery to a user, when requested in advance by the City Engineer, complete a form entitled “Non-residential Concrete Drive: Plant and Contractor’s Report, Part I” which shall state:
1. Delivery destination.
2. Size of load.
3. Concrete mix.
4. Air entrainment.
5. Amount of water added at plant.
6. Admixture added.
7. Amount of calcium chloride added.
8. Time of truck loading.
B. In any construction within the application of this chapter the contractor or his agent shall complete a form entitled, “Non-residential Concrete Drive: Plant and Contractor’s Report, Part II” which shall state;
1. Address or sub-lot number of pour location.
2. Time of arrival.
3. Time of pour.
4. Name of builder or user.
5. Name of cement contractor or user.
6. Amount of water added at job site.
7. Area temperature at time of pour.
8. Curing compound used and type.
C. An original and two (2) copies of the Report shall be signed by the individuals completing the report. The above persons, by affixing their signatures to this report warrant that the statements contained therein are true, under penalty of law. The original shall be sent to the City Engineer, a copy sent to the builder and a copy retained by the supplier.
(c) Specific Requirements.
(1) All concrete used shall be subject to a strength test, if ordered by the City Engineer. Such test to be made by a reputable laboratory selected by the Engineer. If such test is required, six test cylinders, six (6") inches in diameter and twelve (12") inches high shall be made as described in “Standard Method of Making and Storing Compression Test Specimens of Concrete in the Field”, A.S.T.M. Designation C31-33 for testing in accordance with “Standard Methods of Making Compression Tests of Concrete”, A.S.T.M. Designations C 39-33: three (3) sub cylinders shall be used to adequately perform the required seven (7) day test, , and three (3) cylinders to adequately perform the twenty-eight (28) day test. The resulting compression strength must not be less than 2,500 pounds per square inch in seven (7) days and not less than 3,500 pounds per square inch in twenty-eight (28) days. Strength tests may be utilized for the purpose of checking on quality of materials used and method of mixing. If any tests fall below the standard of specifications set forth herein, the Engineer, may at his discretion, order the contractor to discontinue the use of any cement, sand or stone being used in the concrete, and to supply other grades of materials which will produce the standard strength as specified above. The costs of all such tests shall be at the expense of the contractor.
(2) Excavation of sub-grade shall be made to the depth necessary to permit the required thickness of base and thickness of concrete for the specified installation. The contractor shall remove all spongy material, roots, shale, loam and earth, and all material excavated shall be removed from the premises by the contractor. Any fill necessary to level shall meet the specifications of this chapter and shall be compacted uniformly as may be approved by the Building Director or his inspector.
(3) No broken concrete may be used as part of the bed unless the excavation is carried deep enough to permit the use of such broken material below the required thickness of finished concrete, as required by this chapter. Base under concrete sidewalk, shall have a thickness or depth after compaction of three (3") inches, under residential driveways of four (4") inches, and under commercial driveways and that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways of six (6") inches.
(4) Concrete shall be thoroughly mixed before being deposited in clean, steel forms adequately braced to prevent distortion from the specified dimensions. Steel forms shall be used on all straight sections of sidewalk. All forms used, whether steel or wood, shall not be permitted to become warped or twisted, shall be subject to approval of the Engineer or his inspector, and shall be of a size sufficient to produce an installation of the required thickness. All form shall be kept clean and free from defects and shall be coated with a suitable oil before filling with concrete.
(5) Foundation beds shall be sprinkled immediately prior to the pouring of the concrete, which when mixed shall be rapidly deposited in the forms, any concrete not in final position within thirty (30) minutes after completion of the mixing must be discarded. Under no circumstances may concrete that ha partially set be used, and the re-mixing of such materials is specifically prohibited. Concrete shall be deposited between bulkheads to a uniform thickness and to the full depth and width of the form; any irregular or sloping surfaces shall be avoided. Concrete after being placed or poured shall be thoroughly tamped and consolidated so that none of the limestone appears on the surface, and it shall be thoroughly compacted and brought to the proper pitch and grade with a templet or straight edge.
(6) Immediately prior to finishing the surface, the concrete shall be cut into slabs not longer than ten (10') feet on any one side. Control joints, whether hand tooled or sawn, shall be to a depth of one-fourth the thickness of the slab. Approved expansion joints shall be used on each side of the driveway where it passes through the public sidewalk.
(7) Finishing of the work shall immediately follow the placing and compacting of the concrete after the water sheen has disappeared from the surface. All surfaces shall be free from depressions or inequalities. The application of dry cement to hasten drying of the surface is specifically prohibited.
(8) In rainy weather, concrete shall be protected as soon as it is finished, and in hot or dry weather, the concrete shall be properly cured with an approved curing compound, as per manufacturer’s specifications. No concrete shall be poured between November 15th and April 30th without applying a six(6") inch straw cover or an approved blanket cover.
(9) Prepared strips of bitumen and fiber or mineral aggregate, or otherwise approved material a minimum one-half (½") thick shall be placed in concrete installations at intervals of at least forty (40') feet, and shall also be placed at all points where the work abuts curbing or a lateral sidewalk, and along the line of a building where the work is laid full width from the curb to a building or other structures. Similar joints shall be placed around all water meter covers, gas boxes, hydrants, lamp tankards or other fixed objects projecting through the installation. All such strips shall be a minimum one-half (½") of an inch thickness.
(10) While the above specifications are based on the use of “ready mix” concrete, it will be permissible to mix the concrete at the site of installation, provided an inspector is present and further provided the concrete is mixed in a mechanical batch type mixer operated for two (2) minutes at a rate of twelve (12) to eighteen (18) revolutions per minute. Mixing by hand in a box or on a platform is prohibited. Not more than five (5) gallons of water shall be used per sack cement and all quantities of sand and aggregate shall be measured before placing in the mixer. Proportions shall be governed by the specifications set forth in this chapter.
(11) Concrete installations regulated by the requirements of this chapter shall have the following this thickness or depth when used for the following purposes:
A. Public sidewalks, except that portion crossed by a driveway, shall have a thickness of four (4") inches, with a aggregate base of three (3") inches.
B. That portion of private residential driveways within the limits of any public highway (commonly called driveway aprons), and including that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways, and a private driveway not within the limits of a public highway shall have a thickness of six (6") inches with a aggregate base of four (4") inches.
C. Private commercial driveways within the limits of any public highway and including that portion of the public sidewalk crossed by such driveways, shall have a thickness of a minimum eight (8") inches or more, as may be required by the City Engineer. Aggregate base shall be thoroughly tamped. The foregoing specifications are the minimum requirements, and any installation which fails to meet such specifications will be considered as faulty and will be condemned and required to be replaced. Determination of such measurements shall be made after the aggregate base has been thoroughly compressed or compacted in place.
(12) The contractor shall use all due precautions to protect, and shall follow stakes and working lines set by a surveyor and approved by the City Engineer or his designee. All work shall be carried on and material placed so as to offer the least possible obstruction to vehicular or pedestrian traffic. Barricades and red lights shall be maintained by the contractor for such period as may be required.
(13) No water may be used from City mains by a private contractor unless permission shall be granted and provision made for the method of measurement and payment for water used.
(14) Upon completion of any work, the area adjacent thereto shall be cleared of all waste material, excavated dirt, etc., which the contractor shall remove to the nearest dump.
(15) All truck washout and/or excess, left over, unusable concrete shall not be washed into any private or public sewer system.
(Ord. 1999-02. Passed 1-11-99.)