(A) Generally.
(1) No land shall be used or occupied; no structure shall be erected, altered, used or occupied, and no use shall be operated unless off-street parking facilities, in at least the amount required, are provided or available, and maintained in the manner set forth. Uses existing on the effective date of this chapter shall not be reduced below the requirements of this section.
(2) Off-street parking facilities shall be provided and maintained as required in this section for any addition to or the extension or enlargement of a use of land or building which existed on the effective date of this chapter. The provisions and maintenance of the off-street parking facilities required shall be the joint and several responsibility of the operator and owner of the use and the operator or owner of the land on which, or the structure in which it is located.
(B) Minimum requirements.
(1) Standards.
(a) Each off-street parking space shall be an area of not less than 171 square feet, exclusive of access or maneuvering area, ramps and other appurtenances as per the following standards (for illustration, see Appendix 2):
Required Off-Street Parking Stall Dimensions | |||
Parking | Stall Length | Stall Width | Aisle Width |
30º | 19 feet | 9 feet | 11 feet |
45º | 19 feet | 9 feet | 13.5 feet |
60º | 19 feet | 9 feet | 18.5 feet |
90º | 19 feet | 9 feet | 25 feet |
Parallel | 21 feet | 9 feet | 11 feet |
(b) Off-street parking facilities shall be located on the site on which the use or structure for which they are provided is located except as otherwise permitted under a special plan for location or sharing of facilities, or for properties in the Original Town and having central core zoning. Multi-family development located in the Central Core Zoning District shall provide off-street parking.
(c) A minimum ten-foot wide landscape buffer strip is required between public sidewalks and off-street parking stalls, parking lots and parking lot access driveways that run parallel to a public sidewalk.
1. The landscape buffer shall be designed so that there is a mix of live plant material and rock, gravel and the like, with not more than ten feet in any direction without plant cover or tree canopy. The buffer shall be visually distinct from the adjacent sidewalk and discourage vehicles from driving over the sidewalk.
2. Areas within the public right-of-way may be included in the ten-foot dimension.
3. This requirement does not apply to the following:
a. A standard residential driveway that provides access to a garage, carport or uncovered parking space located on private property;
b. A driveway needed to cross the buffer strip to provide access from the street to parking stalls; or
c. Parking that is located within the public right-of-way boulevard.
(2) Maintenance. Off-street parking facilities shall be constructed, maintained and operated in accordance with the following specifications:
(a) Drainage and surfacing. They shall be properly graded for drainage, surfaced with concrete or asphalt and maintained in good condition, free of weeds, dust, trash and debris;
(b) Protective barriers. They shall be provided with barriers of such dimensions that occupants of adjacent structures are not unreasonably disturbed, either by day or night, by the movement of vehicles;
(c) Outdoor lighting. When provided, shall have an arrangement of reflectors and an intensity of lighting which will not interfere with adjacent land uses or the safe use of adjacent streets.
(d) Entrances and exits. They shall be provided with designated entrances and exits so located as to minimize traffic congestion;
(e) Prohibition of other uses. They shall not be used for the sale, storage, repair or dismantling of any vehicles, equipment, materials or supplies.
(f) Permanent barriers. In the event they are designed such that the facility abuts a public sidewalk and vehicle parking is diagonal or perpendicular to the sidewalk, a permanent barrier shall be installed three feet from the interior edge of the sidewalk to prevent vehicle encroachment over the sidewalk. If the facility abuts and faces a street and there is no sidewalk, permanent barriers shall be installed seven feet from the curb to provide for a pedestrian way and to prevent vehicle encroachment.
(g) Commercial districts. In commercial districts, if the parking facility is located at the intersection of two streets and abuts the street curb, a 30-foot unobstructed sight triangle shall be required at the corner of the intersection, measured on the curbline. At accessways formed by the intersection of the accessway and the public right-of-way line, a ten-foot unobstructed sight triangle, measured on property lines, shall be required. Parking facilities shall be striped accordingly.
(h) Residential districts. In residential districts, parking spaces accessed by local roads and required by this chapter shall be located and designed with a minimum of 20 feet or sufficient depth from the back of the sidewalk so that there will be no vehicle encroachment over the public sidewalk.
(3) Minimum amounts of off-street parking facilities required. The following minimum amounts of off-street parking facilities shall be provided. The classification of uses shall be deemed to include and apply to all uses and if the classification is not readily determinable it shall be determined by the Planning Director. Such determination shall be based upon the current International Code Council requirement.
(a) Dwellings, one-family and two-family. Two spaces per dwelling unit.
(b) Dwellings, multi-family.
1. Studio, one bedroom, two bedroom: one and one-half spaces per dwelling unit;
2. Three bedroom: two spaces per dwelling unit;
3. Four bedroom: three spaces per dwelling unit; and
4. If garage parking is included in the minimum required parking, each garage parking stall counts as one-half a parking space toward the total parking required.
(c) Hotels, motels, rooming houses, bed and breakfast establishments. One space per guest room.
(d) Manufactured home parks. Two spaces per manufactured home.
(e) Nursing, long-term care facilities. One space per four beds.
(f) Theaters, auditoriums and gymnasiums. One space per three seats. Convention facilities: one space per 15 square feet of assembly area. Multiple-screen theater: one space per five seats.
(g) Churches. One space per four seats.
(h) Funeral homes. One space per four seats.
(i) Schools, elementary. Two spaces per classroom.
(j) Schools, secondary. Ten spaces per classroom.
(k) Restaurants, on-sale liquor establishments. One space per 100 square feet of gross floor area.
(l) Private and public utility substations, commercial storage units. No parking requirements except that all areas of ingress/ egress and loading/unloading/storage shall be hard surfaced.
(m) Health clinics. Single practitioner clinics: one space per 300 square feet of gross floor area; multiple practitioner clinics: one space per 200 square feet of gross floor area.
(n) Industrial and manufacturing establishments. One space per 400 square feet of gross floor area.
(o) Warehouses. Warehouses shall provide one parking space per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area plus one parking space per employee.
(p) Group care homes/assisted living and congregate care facilities. One space for each three residents, one handicapped space and one space for each employee on the most fully staffed shift.
(q) Office buildings for general business, commercial and personal service establishments. One space per 200 square feet of gross floor area.
(r) Buildings for retail trade. One space per 300 square feet of gross retail space.
(s) Drive-up windows. Driveways for drive-up service windows shall be of sufficient length to accommodate the stacking of three vehicles.
(t) Sports and recreation facilities.
1. Golf course: six spaces per hole;
2. Baseball/softball/soccer: 36 spaces per field;
3. Tennis court: four spaces per court;
4. Swimming pool/water park: as per a parking plan approved by the City Council; and
5. Bowling alley: four spaces per lane.
(u) Fire/ambulance facilities. Fire: four spaces per bay; ambulance: three spaces per bay.
(v) New and used vehicle and equipment sales. All areas used for storage and display shall be paved.
(w) Manufactured home sales. Based on standard requirements for permanent structures and sales offices.
(x) Airports. As regulated in the APZ Airport Zoning District.
(y) Hospitals. Two spaces per bed.
(4) Combined parking facilities. The off-street parking facilities required of two or more uses located on the same building site or an immediate proximity may be combined and used jointly under the following conditions:
(a) The peak parking demand for each use takes place at different times of the day;
(b) The parking provided is based on the use with the greatest parking requirement;
(c) A plan showing land uses, and parking required/provided shall be presented to City Council for action, upon recommendation of the Planning Commission; and
(d) If approved by City Council, a combined parking agreement signed by the owners of all affected parcels shall be recorded in the office of the County Register of Deeds.
(5) Maximum amounts of off-street parking facilities. For commercial uses, excluding new and used vehicle sales, minimum amounts of off-street parking facilities may be exceeded by only 20%. Parking in excess of this maximum may be approved by the Common Council upon justification of need.
(Prior Code, App. A, Art. V, § 3) (Ord. 969, passed 8-18-2003; Ord. 1041, passed 12-4-2006; Ord. 1313, passed 4-6-2020; Ord. 1335, passed 10-19-2020; Ord. 1339, passed 3-1-2021; Ord. 1340, passed 4-5-2021; Ord. 1380, passed 6-20-2023)