"Addition" means any extension or enlargement.
"Alteration" as applied to a building or structure, means a change or rearrangement in the structural parts, or in window or exit facilities, or a change of the class of occupancy. The term "alter" in its various modes and tenses and its participle forms, means the making of an alteration.
"Approved" applied to a material, device or mode of construction, means approved by the Building Inspector under the provisions of this Code, or by other authority designated by law to give approval of the matter in question.
"Approved masonry" means masonry constructed of brick, stone, concrete, hollow block or other material approved after test or a combination of these materials.
"Area" means a form of subsurface space adjacent to a building.
"Area of a floor" means the area of a horizontal plane bounded by the finished interior surface of the exterior walls. The horizontal area of interior columns, partitions, stairs, corridors and elevators is not deducted unless so stated.
"Area of a story" means the area of a horizontal plane taken at the floor level of the given story and bounded by the outside lines of the enclosing walls of the building.
"Attic" means a space situated wholly or partly in a sloping roof.
"Basement" means a story partly underground, but having not more than half its ceiling height below the average adjoining grade. For the purpose of this definition each separate room or compartment of a story partly underground shall be considered separately. See definition of "first story."
"Beam" means structural members ordinarily subject to bending stresses, usually horizontal and carrying vertical loads, and other than joists, girders or trusses. In floor framing, other than "flat slab" construction the members which directly support the floor plank, deck slab or arches where joists are not used.
"Brick" means a solid masonry unit having a shape approximately a rectangular prism, not larger than 12x4x4 inches. A brick may be made of burned clay or shale, of lime and sand, of cement and suitable aggregates or of fire clay or other approved materials.
"Building Line" means the building line established by the Zoning Ordinance of the Village.
"Building" means any construction built or used for a shelter, enclosure or support of persons, animals or chattels, and any part of such construction divided by required fire separations. The term "building" shall be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof. "
"Building Inspector" means the person charged with the authority for enforcement of this Code, who is also referred to as the Building Official in the Tri-County Building Code.
"Building Official" see Building Inspector.
"Ceiling height" means the height from the finished floor to the finished ceiling.
"Cellar" means a story with more than one-half of its ceiling height below the average grade. For the purpose of this definition each separate room or compartment of the story partly underground shall be considered separately.
"Code" or "Building Code" means Ordinance 17-1973, as amended, which is codified as Part Thirteen of the Codified Ordinances - Building Code.
"Concrete" means a mixture of Portland cement, aggregate and water, of such materials, proportions and manipulations as to give specified results:
(a) "Average concrete" means a mixture of one part of Portland cement and not more than six parts, by volume, of fine and coarse aggregate, measured separately, and the necessary water;
(b) "Controlled concrete" means concrete where the materials are scientifically selected, graded and proportioned to give specified results;
(c) "Reinforced concrete" means a Portland cement concrete in which steel is embedded in such a manner that the two materials act together in resisting forces.
"Cost" as applied to the cost of construction, building operation or building equipment means the cost in money of the material, the cost of the use of equipment, rentals, fees, the cost or value of the labor and all other costs entering into the construction, building operation or building equipment, including the planning in connection therewith.
"Cubic content" as applied to a building means the geometric volume contained between the lowermost basement floor level or levels, the top surface of the roof and the outside surface of the exterior walls or in the absence of an exterior wall or walls, the vertical planes at the outside edge or edges of the roof of said building. "Cubic content" includes the volume contained in dormers, penthouses, vaults, pits, roofed porches and enclosed appendages. It does not include the volume contained in courts and light shafts which have no roof or the volume contained in outside steps, cornices or parapets.
"Curb level" means the elevation of the street grade as fixed by the Village authorities. Referring to a building, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade that is opposite the center, with respect to length, of the wall nearest to and facing the street line. (Note: Compare with definition of "grade" and "established grade".) Referring to an excavation, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade which is nearest to the point of the excavation under construction.
"Dead load" means the weight of walls, permanent partitions, framing, floors, roofs and all other permanent and stationary construction of a building.
"Dwelling" means a building occupied or arranged, intended, or designed to be occupied for residential purposes.
"Established grade" means the elevation of a street or alley grade as established by municipal or county authority:
(a) Referring to a building, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade that is opposite the center, with respect to length, of the wall of the building nearest to and facing the street line;
(b) Referring to an excavation, it means the elevation at that point of the street grade which is nearest to the point of the excavation under consideration.
"Factor of safety" means the quotient obtained by dividing the breaking load or ultimate strength of a material by the safe drop of design load.
"First story" means a story having its floor line less than eight feet above the grade line at any entrance to or exit from such story. Where the main first floor line is eight feet or more above the grade line at any entrance to or exit from the next story above the basement, the basement shall be rated as the first story, except as provided elsewhere in this Code.
"Flight of stairs" means a continuous series of steps from one landing to another.
"Floor area" means a floor space enclosed by exterior walls, firewalls or fire partitions or by a combination of them.
"Footing" means the bottom bearing course or courses of a foundation wall, pier or column.
"Foundation" means that portion of the supporting wall, piers, etc. below the first or ground floor framing, including the footings.
"Freight elevator" means an elevator normally used for carrying freight and on which only the operator and employees in the pursuit of their duties, by the permission of the employer, are allowed to ride.
"Garage" means a building, or a part thereof in which a motor vehicle is stored, housed or kept.
"Girder" means a structural member ordinarily subject to bending stresses, usually horizontal and usually carrying concentrated loads; also a large, heavy beam or a large built up section commonly referred to by professional structural engineers as a girder and carrying heavy loads or loads from more than one story of a building. In floor and roof framing, a structural member, usually horizontal in floor construction, and supporting one or more cross beams, joists, purlins, columns or other girders.
"Grade"
(a) With reference to a building or structure, "grade" means, when not otherwise qualified and when the curb level has been established, the mean elevation of the curb level opposite those walls that are located on, or substantially parallel with and within fifteen feet of street lines; or when not otherwise qualified and when the curb level has not been established, or the structure or all the walls of the building are more than fifteen feet from the street line, "grade" means the mean elevation of the ground adjoining the building or structure on all sides.
(b) With reference to a material, "grade" means an established size, quality or value or a size, quality or value with respect to an established size, quality or value of the material.
(c) With reference to an incline, "grade" means the degree of inclination as compared to the horizontal.
"Habitable room" means a room or enclosed floor space arranged for living, eating and sleeping purposes, not including bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundries, pantries, foyers, hallways and other accessory floor spaces.
"Height" applied to a building, means the vertical distance from grade to the highest finished roof surface in the case of flat roofs, or to a point at the average height of roofs having a pitch of more than one foot in four and one-half feet.
"Height" of a building in stories does not include basement and cellars:
(a) "Height" as applied to a story, means the vertical distance from top to top of two successive tiers or floor beams or finished floor surfaces;
(b) "Height" as applied to a wall, means the vertical distance to the top measured from the top of the foundation wall, or from a supporting girder or other immediate support of such wall.
"Hollow masonary unit" means a cellular building unit of burnt clay or concrete, or other approved noncombustible material, the gross cubic content of which is not less than fifty percent greater than the standard size of brick and the cellular spaces of which are in excess of twenty-five percent of the gross cubic content of the unit.
"Identification index" means a set of numbers used in the marking of sheathing grades of plywood. The left hand number refers to spacing of roof framing in inches and the right hand number refers to the spacing of floor framing in inches. The identification index takes into account the panel thickness and wood species used in the manufacture of the panel.
"Incombustible" means articles, goods, wares, merchandise or materials of construction which will not burn or support combustion.
"Joist" means a structural member, ordinarily subject to bending, usually horizontal in floor framing and horizontal or slightly inclined in roof framing and which directly supports the floor or roof plank, deck or slab, and limited in its spacing because of its classification by this Code.
"Landing" means a required platform at the end of a flight of stairs and any platform in a flight of stairs between two stories.
"Length of building" means its greatest horizontal dimension.
"Lintel" means the beam or girder placed over a door, window or other wall opening.
"Live load" means all loads except a dead load.
"Lot" means a portion or parcel of land considered as a unit, devoted to a certain use or occupied by a building or a group of buildings that are united by a common interest and use, and the customary accessories and open spaces belonging to the same.
"Lot line" means a line dividing one lot from another, or from a street or other public space. A lot line which is a thoroughfare right-of-way line shall be known as a "street line".
"Major alteration" means an alteration in any of the structural parts, exits, entrances, window openings, stairways or any alteration in connection with a change of occupancy of a building or structure.
"Masonry" see definition of "approved masonry."
"Minor repairs" means the renewal or replacement of any existing part or parts of a building or structure, in keeping with its existing type of construction, arrangements of parts and occupancy, for maintenance purposes when the structural parts of the building or structure are not affected.
"New" means constructed, being constructed or to be constructed under a permit issued after the effective date of this section (Ordinance 17-73, passed May 8, 1973) or being constructed without a proper permit after the effective date of this section.
"Nosing", as applied to a stair tread, means the protection of the tread in front of the riser.
"Occupancy" means the purpose for which a building or structure is used or intended to be used.
"Occupied" as applied to a building, shall be construed as though followed by the words "or intended, arranged or designed to be occupied".
"Owner" includes his duly authorized agent or attorney, purchaser, devisee, fiduciary, and a person having a vested or contingent interest in the property in question.
"Paneling" means plywood paneling or any type wood applied directly over wood studs after achieving three-fourths hour fire rating.
"Partition" means an interior subdividing wall.
"Person" shall be construed as if followed by the words persons, firm, corporation or organization, their agents, heirs or assigns.
"Piers" means isolated masses of masonry forming supports for structural members.
"Pilaster" means masonry projecting from the general line of a masonry wall, as a pier flat against the wall and bonded thereto, to support concentrated loads, or to strengthen the wall, to cover a column, or for architectural effect, and projecting from the wall not more than one-fourth of the breadth of the pilaster.
"Plywood" All plywood when used structurally, including, among others, use for siding, roof and wall sheathing, subflooring, diaphragms and built-up members, shall comply with the U. S. Product Standard PS 1-66 for Softwood Plywood/Construction and Industrial. Each panel shall be identified for grade and glue type by the grade trademarks of a recognized association or testing agency.
"Porch" means a roofed structure against and projecting from the exterior walls of a residential building.
"Post" means a wooden column.
"Purlin" means a structural member in the roof framing, usually horizontal, which directly supports the roof plank, deck, slab or rafters between trusses, arches or inclined girders.
"Rafter" means an inclined structural member in the roof framing, the length of which usually follows the slope of the roof and which directly supports the roof plank, deck or slab.
"Repair" means the renewal or replacement of any existing part or parts of a building or structure, in keeping with its existing type of construction, arrangement of parts and occupancy, for maintenance purposes, including repairs because of fire damage and damage caused by the force of objects and the elements against a building or structure.
"Required" means required by some provision of this Code.
"Retaining wall" means a wall used to resist a lateral load from a mass of earth, or other material.
"Riser" means the vertical part of a step.
"Roof structure" means the structure above the roof of any part of a building enclosing a stairway, tank, elevator machinery or ventilating apparatus, or such part of a shaft as extends above the roof.
"Secondary members" means wind bracing, members for erection purposes only, sag rods, bridging and ordinary bracing used for only reduction of the embraced length of compression members.
"Shed" means a roofed one story structure, open on one or more sides, and not a porch as defined herein.
"Sidewalk space" means the part of a public street or alley provided or set apart as a walk for pedestrians, including planting strip when same exists, as distinguished from the roadway of such street or alley.
"Solid masonry unit" means a masonry unit whose net cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the bearing surface is seventy-five percent or more of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane.
"Stairway" means one or more flights of stairs and necessary landings and platforms connecting them, to form a continuous and uninterrupted passage from one story to another in a building or structure.
"Step" means a combination of a tread and a riser.
"Story" means that part of a building comprised between a floor and the floor or roof next above.
"Street line" means a lot line dividing a lot from a street.
"Structure" means a combination of materials to form a construction; including among others, fences, building, retaining walls, private bridges and dams on private property. The term "structure" shall be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof. " (Note: the distinction between "structure" and "building" should be noted. "Structure" is a broader term; "building" is a restricted form of "structure".)
"Tread" means the horizontal part of a step.
"Truss" means a complete or redundant framed structure composed of structural members connected at their intersections, which if loads are applied at the intersections, the stress in each member is in the direction of its length.
"Unsafe" as applied in this Code to buildings or structures, includes buildings or structures structurally unsafe, unstable or unsanitary; inadequately provided with exit facilities; constituting a fire hazard; otherwise dangerous to life or property; unsuitable or improper for the use or occupancy to which it is put; constituting a hazard to health or safety because of inadequate maintenance, dilapidation, damage by fire or other cause, obsolescence or abandonment; which are provided with inadequate or unsafe equipment; or otherwise dangerous to life and property.
"Value of a building or structure'': Unless otherwise expressly stated, the value shall be assumed as the entire cost connected with the erection, construction, alteration, repair or addition to a building or structure and shall include the cost of all material and the cost or value of all labor entering into the construction and of the planning in connection therewith.
"Walls" shall mean the following:
(a) "Bearing wall" means a wall which supports any vertical load in addition to its own weight;
(b) "Cavity wall" means a wall built of masonry units or of plain concrete, or a combination of these materials so arranged as to provide an air space within the wall, and in which the inner and outer parts of the wall are tied together with metal ties;
(c) "Curtain wall" means a nonbearing wall between columns or piers or other walls and which is not supported by girders or beams;
(d) "Faced wall" means a wall in which the masonry facing and backing are so bonded as to exert common action under load;
(e) "Fire partition" means a partition which subdivides a building to restrict the spread of fire or to provide areas of refuge, but is not necessarily continuous through all stories nor extended through the roof and has a fire resistance rating of at least two hours;
(f) "Fire wall" means a wall, as provided for in this Code, which subdivides a building or separates buildings to restrict the spread of fire and which starts at the footings and extends continuously through all stories to and above the roof, except where the roof is fireproof or semi-fireproof and the wall is carried up tightly against the underside of the roof slab;
(g) "Foundation wall" means a wall below the first or ground floor framing extending below the adjacent ground level and serving as support for a wall, pier, column or other structural part of a building;
(h) "Hollow wall of masonry" means a wall built of masonry units so arranged as to provide an air space within the wall, and in which the inner and outer parts of the wall are bonded together with masonry units;
(i) "Nonbearing wall" means a wall which supports no load other than its own weight;
(j) "Panel wall" means a nonbearing wall in skeleton construction, built between columns or piers and wholly supported at each story;
(k) "Party wall" means a wall used or adapted for joint service between two buildings;
(l) "Veneered wall" means a wall having a facing which is not attached and bonded to the backing so as to form an integral part of the wall for purposes of load bearing and stability.
"Width of a building" means the shorter horizontal dimension of a building.
"Winder" means a step in which one end of the tread is wider than the other.
"Written notice", shall be considered to have been served if delivered in person to the individual or to the parties intended, or if delivered at or sent by registered mail to the last business or residence address known to the party giving the notice.
"Yard" means an open, unoccupied space, not a court, on the same lot with a building. Front, side and rear yards shall be as defined in the Zoning Code.
"Zoning" means the reservation of certain specified areas within the Municipality and County for buildings and structures for certain purposes with other limitations such as height, lot coverage and other stipulated requirements.
(Ord. 17-73. Passed 5-8-73.)