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(A) The location of a tank for the storage of any flammable liquid with respect to any such other tank shall be such that the distance between them shall be not less than three feet.
(B) For banks above 50,000 gallons individual capacity storing any flammable liquid, except crude petroleum in producing areas, the distance shall be not less than one-half the diameter of the smaller tank.
(C) In producing areas, for tanks storing crude petroleum and having capacities not exceeding 126,000 gallons (3,000 bbls.), the distance between tanks shall not be less than three feet; in excess of 126,000 gallons (3,000 bbls.), the distance shall be not less than the diameter of the smaller tank.
(D) The minimum separation between an LP gas container and a flammable liquid tank shall be 20 feet. Suitable means shall be taken to prevent the accumulation of flammable liquids under adjacent LP gas containers such as by diking, diversion curbs and grading. When flammable liquid tanks are diked, the LP gas containers shall be outside the diked area and at least 10 feet away from the centerline of the dike. The provisions set forth in this section shall not apply when LP gas containers of 125 gallons or less capacity are installed adjacent to Class III-B flammable liquid tanks of 275 gallons or less capacity.
('81 Code, § 5.40.140) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Tanks shall rest directly on the ground or on foundations or supports of concrete, masonry, piling, or steel.
(B) Exposed piling or steel supports shall be protected by fire-resistive materials to provide a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours.
('81 Code, § 5.40.150) Penalty, see Ch. 13
Stairs, platforms and walkways hereafter installed, elevated more than three feet above the surrounding ground level, shall be of noncombustible construction.
('81 Code, § 5.40.160) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Required. Tanks or groups of tanks shall be protected from the effects of flammable liquid spills originating at or encroaching upon the tank setting.
(B) Methods. Diversion walls or drains safely directing the flow to catchment basins, impounding basins formed by dikes around tanks or groups of tanks, or combinations thereof shall be used.
(C) Capacity. The net capacity of a catchment basin, diked impounding basin, or any combination thereof shall be equal to the capacity of the largest tank, plus six inches of freeboard. In computing the required capacity of a catchment basin, diked impounding basin or combination thereof:
(1) The volume of the largest tank up to the height of the dike shall be considered as part of the available capacity of a diked impounding basin.
(2) No part of the volume of tanks other than the largest tank shall be considered as part of the available capacity.
(3) The capacity of a separate catchment basin may be used to reduce the required capacity of a diked impounding basin provided drainage sufficient to prevent overflow of the dike and effective control of flow are provided.
(4) The capacity of a single separate catchment basin may be applied to reduce the required capacity of each of the diked impounding basins draining to it.
(D) Dike construction, drainage and division. Where dependence is placed in whole or in part on diking for compliance with this subchapter, dikes shall be constructed, drained, and divided as follows:
(1) Construction. Dikes shall be of earth, concrete or solid masonry designed to be liquid-tight to withstand a full hydraulic head, and shall be maintained at full design capacity. Where piping passes through dikes, provision shall be made for movement without damage to the dikes and to minimize leaks under emergency conditions. Earthen dikes shall be built and maintained at a minimum height of two feet. The distance between the inside toe of any dike and the shell of any tank not over 30 feet in diameter shall be not less than five feet, and for tanks over 30 feet in diameter shall be not less than 10 feet.
(2) Spill dikes. Where tanks within a common diked impounding basin may cause mutual exposure from spills, spill dikes shall be provided between tanks of 10,000 barrels or greater individual capacity. Groups of tanks of less than 10,000 barrels individual capacity and not in excess of 15,000 barrels aggregate capacity may be enclosed within a single spill dike. The height of such spill dikes shall not exceed 50% of the height of the main or perimeter dikes.
(3) Drainage. Drainage shall be provided at a consistent slope of not less than one percent away from tanks and fittings toward a sump, drain box or other safe means of disposal located within the diked impounding area and at the greatest possible distance from the shell of the tank. Traps with not less than six inches of liquid seal shall be provided between the sumps, drain boxes or drain openings within the diked area and the sewers or drains intended for disposal of spills. A valve, operable from outside the dike, shall be provided in the dike drain system and shall normally be kept closed.
(4) Disposal. Approved provision shall be made for disposing of water and oil retained by diked impounding basins or catchment basins.
(E) Deviations. In particular installations, deviations from the provisions of this section may be granted by the Building and Safety Inspector, after consideration of special features such as:
(1) Topographical conditions, nature of occupancy and proximity to buildings on the same or adjacent property;
(2) Capacity and construction of proposed tanks and character of liquids to be stored and nature and quantity of private and public fire protection provided.
('81 Code, § 5.40.170) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Materials. Tanks shall be built of steel or concrete unless character of liquid stored requires other materials. Steel commonly known as “mill seconds” shall not be used. Tanks built of materials other than steel shall be designated to specifications embodying safety factors equivalent to those specified in this section for steel tanks. Concrete tanks shall be built in accordance with sound engineering practice. Unlined concrete tanks shall only be used for storage of liquids having a gravity of 40° A.P.I. or heavier. Concrete tanks with special linings may be used for other services provided the design is approved by the Bureau of Fire Prevention. Steel tanks shall be built in accordance with the requirements of divisions (B) through (E) of this section. All shop-built tanks shall be tested at a pressure of not less than five and not more than 10 pounds per square inch (measured at the top of the tank) for a period of at least 10 minutes without leakage or permanent deformation.
(B) Field erected vertical tanks. Vertical tanks erected in the field shall be built in accordance with the following specifications:
(1) A.P.I. Standard No. 12A, September, 1951, Specification for Oil Storage Tanks with Riveted Shells;
(2) A.P.I. Standard No. 12C, September, 1955, Specification for Welded Oil Storage Tanks;
(3) A.P.I. Standard No. 12B, September, 1955, Specification for Bolted Production Tanks;
(4) A.P.I. Standard No. 12D, August, 1955, Specification for Large Welded Production Tanks;
(5) A.P.I. Standard No. 12F, August, 1955, Specification for Small Welded Production Tanks.
(C) Small, shop-built vertical tanks. Vertical tanks not over 1,100 gallons capacity shall meet the following requirements.
Capacity Minimum Thickness of Steel
(in gallons) U.S. Standard
1 to 60 18 gauge
61 to 350 16 gauge
351 to 560 14 gauge
561 to 1,100 12 gauge
(D) Large, shop-built vertical tanks. Vertical tanks over 1,100 gallons capacity shall meet the following requirements:
(1) For tanks up to 25 feet in height the shell shall be not less than three-sixteenths of an inch thick. For tanks from 25 to 30 feet high the bottom ring shall be not less than one-quarter of an inch thick and the remainder of the shell not less than three-sixteenths of an inch thick. For tanks between 30 and 35 feet high, the first two rings shall be not less than one-quarter of an inch thick and the remainder of the shell not less than three-sixteenths of an inch thick. All one-quarter of an inch thick rings shall be not less than five feet wide.
(2) The tops of tanks shall be either dished or cone-shaped and of not less than No. 10 U.S. standard gauge steel.
(3) Tanks shall be welded, or riveted and caulked, or otherwise made tight in a workmanlike manner. The roof of the tank shall be securely fastened to the top ring of the shell with a joint having the same tightness as the joints between rings. The joint between roof and shell shall be weaker than any other joints in the shell of the tank. Joints in the roof shall be welded or riveted or made tight by other process satisfactory to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention. Roofs of tanks shall have no unprotected openings.
(E) Shop-built horizontal tanks. Horizontal tanks shall be constructed in accordance with accepted engineering practice and shall meet the following minimum requirements: joints shall be riveted and caulked, riveted and welded, or welded. Tanks heads over six feet in diameter shall be dished, stayed, braced, or reinforced.
(1) Small, shop-built horizontal tanks. Horizontal tanks not over 1,100 gallons capacity shall meet the following requirements:
Capacity Minimum Thickness of Steel
(in gallons) U.S. Standard
1 to 60 18 gauge
61 to 275 14 gauge
276 to 550 12 gauge
551 to 1100 10 gauge
(2) Large, shop-built horizontal tanks. Horizontal tanks over 1,100 gallons capacity having a diameter of not over six feet, made of steel, shall be three-sixteenths of an inch or greater nominal thickness. Tanks having a diameter of over six feet and not more than 12 feet, made of steel, shall be one quarter of an inch or greater nominal thickness.
('81 Code, § 5.40.180) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Vents for normal breathing. Tanks shall have normal venting capacity sufficient to permit the filling and emptying of such tanks, plus their breathing due to temperature changes, without distortion of tank shell or roof. Tanks storing Class I and Class II flammable liquids shall be equipped where practical with either venting devices which shall be normally closed when not under pressure or vacuum, or with approved flame arrestors, except that tanks under 2,500 gallons capacity for Class I liquids and tanks under 3,000 barrels capacity for crude petroleum in producing areas may have open vents.
(B) Vents for emergency relief. In addition to the provisions for normal venting required in division (A) of this section, every aboveground storage tank shall have some form of construction or device that will relieve excessive internal pressure, caused by exposure fire, that might cause the rupture of the tank shell or bottom. In a vertical tank, this construction may take the form of a weakened seam in the roof. The joint between the roof and the shell of a tank 36 feet or more in diameter, if built in accordance with the provisions of division (B) of § 120.057, shall be deemed to be a weakened seam for this purpose. Where entire dependence for such additional relief is placed upon some device other than a weak roof seam or joint, the total venting capacity of both normal and emergency vents shall be enough to prevent rupture of the shell or bottom of the tank if vertical, or of the shell or heads if horizontal. Such device may be a self-closing manhole cover, or one using long bolts that permits the cover to lift under internal pressure, or an additional or larger relief valve or valves. When emergency relief is provided by other than a weak roof seam or joint, the total capacity of the normal breather and emergency relief shall be sized according to the following table:
Required Total Pressure Relief Capacity of Vents | ||||||
Capacity of Tank (in gallons) | Forty-Two Gallon Barrels | Total Pressure Relief Capacity (cu. ft. of free air per hour) | Approximate Diameter in Inches of Free Circular Opening for Various Pressures | |||
3 in. of water | 1 PSI | 2½ PSI | 5 PSI | |||
Required Total Pressure Relief Capacity of Vents | ||||||
Capacity of Tank (in gallons) | Forty-Two Gallon Barrels | Total Pressure Relief Capacity (cu. ft. of free air per hour) | Approximate Diameter in Inches of Free Circular Opening for Various Pressures | |||
3 in. of water | 1 PSI | 2½ PSI | 5 PSI | |||
1,000 | 23.8 | 25,300 | 4 | 2½ | 2 | 1½ |
4,000 | 95.2 | 69,500 | 6¾ | 3¾ | 3 | 2½ |
18,000 | 428 | 139,000 | 9½ | 5½ | 4¼ | 3¾ |
25,000 | 595 | 166,000 | 10¼ | 6 | 4¾ | 4 |
56,000 | 1,330 | 253,000 | 12¾ | 7¼ | 5¾ | 5 |
100,000 | 2,380 | 363,000 | 15¼ | 8¾ | 7 | 6 |
155,000 | 3,690 | 458,000 | 17¼ | 9¾ | 7¾ | 6½ |
222,000 | 5,290 | 522,000 | 18¼ | 10½ | 8¼ | 7 |
475,000 | 11,300 | 624,000 | 20 | 11¼ | 9 | 7¾ |
735,000 | 17,500 | 648,000 | 20 | 11½ | 9¼ | 7¾ |
Unlimited | 648,000 | 20 | 11½ | 9¼ | 7¾ | |
Note: Venting equipment installed for normal operation may serve as emergency relief; provided, that it has the requisite capacity under the pressure limitation fixed by this table. Responsibility for selecting the limiting pressure is placed on the owner or operator. | ||||||
('81 Code, § 5.40.190) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Each connection to an aboveground tank storing flammable liquids located below normal liquid level shall be provided with an internal or external control valve located as close as practicable to the shell of the tank.
(B) Except for flammable liquids whose chemical characteristics are incompatible with steel, such valves, when external, and their connections to the tank shall be of steel.
('81 Code, § 5.40.200) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Location. Tank vehicle loading racks, loading platforms or movable loading spouts or arms dispensing flammable liquids shall be separated from tanks, warehouses, other buildings, public streets and nearest line of property that may be built upon by a clean distance of not less than 25 feet, measured from the nearest position of any fill stem. Buildings for pumps or for shelter of loading personnel may be part of the loading rack or platform. No person shall load or unload, or permit the loading or unloading of a tank vehicle unless such vehicle is located outside of any public street right-of-way.
(B) Loading and unloading operations. During the loading or unloading of a tank vehicle, a qualified person shall be at the loading controls or unloading controls. Provision shall be made for the safe disposal of the oils released by overflow and from loading spouts or lines.
('81 Code, § 5.40.210) Penalty, see Ch. 13
OIL FIELD WASTE
The storing or spreading of what is commonly known as oil field waste in the city is a nuisance and unlawful, except under the conditions mentioned in this subchapter.
('81 Code, § 8.36.010) Penalty, see Ch. 13
It is unlawful for any person acting as principal, agent or otherwise, to spread or store within the city water, mud, acids, brine, oil or other substances constituting what is known as oil field waste, without permission therefor first had and obtained from the Council and the issuance of a permit therefor as provided in this subchapter.
('81 Code, § 8.36.020) Penalty, see Ch. 13
(A) Before the Council may grant any permit required by § 120.071, an application shall be made to the Planning Commission of the city on forms to be furnished by the city and a hearing shall be had at which time property owners of the city or any person interested or who might be damaged thereby be heard and present objections to the Planning Commission.
(B) Notice of such hearing shall be given by publication at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the city at least three days before the date of the hearing.
('81 Code, § 8.36.030)
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