In all areas of special flood hazards the following standards shall apply:
1. ANCHORING
A. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads, including the effects of buoyancy.
B. All manufactured homes shall meet the anchoring standards of Section19.16.050(6).
2. CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS
A. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage.
B. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed using methods and practices that minimize flood damage.
C. All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing and air conditioning equipment and other service facilities that are designed and/or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding.
D. Require within Zones AH, AO, or VO, adequate drainage paths around structures on slopes to guide flood waters around and away from proposed structures.
3. ELEVATION AND FLOOD-PROOFING
A. New construction and substantial improvement of structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to or above the base flood elevation. Nonresidential structures shall meet the standards in Section 19.16.050(3)(C). Upon the completion of the structure, the elevation of the lowest floor including basement shall be certified by a registered professional engineer to be properly elevated. The certification or verification shall be provided to the City Engineer.
B. New construction and substantial improvement of any structure in Zone AH, AO, or VO shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated above the highest adjacent grade at least as high as the depth number specified in feet on the FIRM, or at least 2 feet if no depth number is specified. Nonresidential structures shall meet the standards in Section 19.16.050(3)(C). Upon the completion of the structure the elevation of the lowest floor including basement shall be certified by a registered professional engineer, or verified by the building inspector to be properly elevated. The certification or verification shall be provided to the City Engineer.
C. Nonresidential construction shall either be elevated in conformance with Section 19.16.050(3)(A)(B) or (D) or together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities:
1. Be flood-proofed so that below the base flood level the structure is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water;
2. Have structural components capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and
3. Be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect that the standards of this subsection are satisfied. The certifications shall be provided to the City Engineer.
D. Require, for all new construction and substantial improvements, that fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are subject to flooding shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of flood waters. Designs for meeting this requirement must either be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect or meet or exceed the following minimum criteria:
1. Either a minimum of two openings having a total net area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding shall be provided. The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot above grade. Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other coverings or devices provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit of flood waters; or
2. Be certified to comply with a local flood-proofing standards approved by the Federal Insurance Administration.
E. Manufactured homes shall also meet the standards in Section 19.16.050(6).
4. STANDARDS FOR UTILITIES
A. All new and replacement water supply and sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system and discharge from systems into flood waters.
B. On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding.
5. STANDARDS FOR SUBDIVISIONS
Applications for Tentative Tract and Parcel Maps shall contain the requirements identified in Section 19.48 and 19.50 (content and form) in addition to the following:
A. Identify the flood hazards area and the elevation of the base flood.
B. All Final Maps shall provide the elevation of proposed structure(s) and pads. If the site is filled above the base flood, the final pad elevation shall be verified by a registered professional engineer or surveyor and provided to the City Engineer.
C. All proposals shall be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage.
D. All proposals shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage.
E. All proposals shall provide adequate drainage to reduce exposure to flood hazards.
6. STANDARDS FOR MANUFACTURED HOMES
All new and replacement manufactured homes and additions to manufactured homes shall be constructed in the following manner:
A. Be elevated so that the lowest floor is at or above the base flood elevation; and
B. All manufactured homes shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse, or lateral movement by providing over-the-top and frame ties to ground anchors. Specific requirements include:
1. Over-the-top ties be provided at each of the four corners of the manufactured homes, with two additional ties per side at intermediate locations, with manufactured homes less than 50 feet long requiring one additional tie per side;
2. Frame ties be provided at each corner of the home with five additional ties per side at intermediate points, with manufactured homes less than 50 feet long requiring four additional ties per side;
3. All components of the anchoring system be capable of carrying a force of 4,800 pounds; and
4. Any additions to the manufactured homes be similarly anchored.