A. Purpose
This section is intended to provide a systematic framework for identifying, describing, categorizing, consolidating, and distinguishing land uses in a way that makes it easier to determine whether a particular use, activity, or combination of activities is allowable as a principal use in a particular zoning district, or is subject to other use-specific provisions in this Code.
B. Structure of Principal Use Classification System
The principal use classification system described in this section groups uses at three levels: use classifications, use categories, and use types.
1. Use Classifications
The use classifications identify broad general classifications of land use and include residential uses, institutional uses, commercial uses, and industrial uses. Use classifications are further broken down into a series of general "use categories."
2. Use Categories
a. The use categories describe the major sub-groups of the respective use classifications, and are based on common functional, product, or physical characteristics, such as the type and amount of activity, the type of customers or residents, how goods or services are sold or delivered, and site conditions.
b. Each use category is described in terms of the common characteristics of included uses (including common or typical
accessory uses
) and examples of common use types included in the category.
3. Use Types
The specific use types included in each use category identify specific principal uses that are considered to possess the characteristics identified for the use category.
C. Residential Use Classification
1. Household Living Uses
The Household Living Uses category includes use types providing for the residential occupancy of a
dwelling unit
by a single family. Tenancy is generally arranged on a month-to-month or longer basis. Accessory uses common to household living uses include recreational activities, raising of domestic pets, hobbies,
swimming pools
, and parking of the occupants' vehicles.
2. Group Living Uses
The Group Living Uses category includes use types providing for the residential occupancy of a group of living units by persons who do not constitute a single family and may receive some level of personal care. Individual living units often consist of a single room or group of rooms without cooking and eating facilities, but unlike a hotel or motel, are generally occupied on a monthly or longer basis. Accessory uses common to group living uses include recreational facilities, administrative offices, and food preparation and dining facilities.
D. Institutional Use Classification
1. Communication Uses
The Communication Uses category includes uses and facilities providing regional or community-wide communications services, such as wireless communications, radio and television broadcasting, and newspaper or magazine publishing. Services may be publicly or privately provided and may include on-site personnel. Accessory uses may include offices, monitoring, storage areas, or data transmission equipment.
2. Community Service Uses
The Community Service Uses category includes use types of a public, nonprofit, or charitable nature providing a local service (e.g., cultural, recreational, counseling, education, training) directly to people of the community. Generally, such uses provide ongoing continued service on-site or have employees at the site on a regular basis. Accessory uses may include offices, meeting areas, food preparation and dining facilities, health and therapy areas, and indoor and outdoor recreational facilities. The category does not include uses with a residential component.
3. Day Care Uses
The Day Care Uses category is characterized by use types providing care, protection, and supervision for children or adults on a regular basis away from their primary residence, and typically for less than 24 hours per day. Care can be provided during daytime or nighttime hours. Accessory uses may include offices, food preparation and dining areas, and recreation areas.
4. Education Uses
The Education Uses category includes use types such as public schools and private schools (including charter schools) at the elementary, middle, or high school level that provide state-mandated basic education or a comparable equivalent. This use category also includes colleges, universities, and other institutions of higher learning such as vocational or trade schools that offer courses of general or specialized study leading to a degree or certification. Accessory uses at schools may include offices, play areas, recreational and sport facilities, cafeterias, auditoriums, and before- or after-school day care. Accessory uses at colleges or universities may include offices, dormitories, food service, laboratories, health care facilities, recreational and sports facilities, theaters, meeting areas, maintenance facilities, and supporting commercial uses (e.g., eating establishments, bookstores).
5. Government Uses
The Government Uses category includes use types providing for the general operations and functions of local, state, or federal governments. A wide range of accessory uses may be found, depending on the use type.
6. Health Care Uses
The Health Care Uses category includes use types providing a variety of health care services, including surgical or other intensive care and treatment, various types of medical treatment, nursing care, preventative care, diagnostic and laboratory services, and physical therapy. Care may be provided on an inpatient, overnight, or outpatient basis. Accessory uses may include food preparation and dining facilities, recreation areas, offices, meeting rooms, teaching facilities, hospices, maintenance facilities, staff residences, and limited accommodations for members of patients' families.
7. Open Space Uses
The Open Space Uses category includes use types focusing on open space areas largely devoted to natural landscaping and outdoor recreation, and tending to have few structures. Cemeteries and mausoleums are included within this category. Accessory uses may include caretaker's quarters, clubhouses, statuary, fountains, maintenance facilities, concessions, and parking.
8. Other Institutional Uses
The Other Institutional Uses category includes use types consisting of a variety of institutional facilities, including lodges or clubs of community-oriented associations,
places of worship
, civic centers, and housing related to treatment or protection programs. Accessory uses may include school facilities, limited medical treatment facilities, kitchens/cafeterias, recreation areas, offices, meeting rooms, and staff residences.
9. Transportation Uses
The Transportation Uses category includes use types providing for the landing and takeoff of airplanes and helicopters, including loading and unloading areas and associated aircraft sales, repair, fuel sales, and flight instruction uses. It also includes passenger terminals for surface or water-based transportation. Accessory uses may include freight handling areas, concessions, offices, maintenance, limited storage, and fueling facilities.
10. Utility Uses
The Utility Uses category includes both major utilities, which are infrastructure services that provide regional or community-wide service, and minor utilities, which are infrastructure services that need to be located in or near where the service is provided. solar energy collection systems that constitute a principal use of a lot are included as a special type of major utility use. Services may be publicly or privately provided and may include on-site personnel. Accessory uses may include offices, monitoring, or storage areas.
E. Commercial Use Classification
1. Animal Care Uses
The Animal Care Use Category is characterized by use types related to the provision of medical services, general care, and boarding services for domestic animals.
2. Boat and Marine Sales and Service Uses
The Boat and Marine Sales and Service Uses category includes use types involving the direct sales and servicing of boats and other consumer watercraft, whether for recreation, commerce, or personal transport. This use category also includes use types involving the direct sales and servicing of boat trailers, marine engines, and other marine equipment. Accessory uses may include offices, sales of parts, maintenance facilities, outdoor display, and boat storage.
3. Business Support Service Uses
The Business Support Service Uses category include use types primarily providing routine business support functions for the day-to-day operations of other businesses, as well as to households.
4. Commercial or Membership Recreation/Entertainment Uses
The Commercial or Membership Recreational/Entertainment Uses category includes private use types providing indoor or outdoor facilities for recreation or entertainment-oriented activities by patrons or members. Accessory uses may include offices, concessions, snack bars, and maintenance facilities.
5. Eating and Drinking Establishments
The Eating and Drinking Establishments category includes use types involving the preparation and selling of food and beverages for immediate or direct on- or off-premise consumption. Accessory uses may include decks and patios for outdoor seating, drive-through service, facilities for live entertainment or dancing, and valet parking services.
6. Motor Vehicle Sales and Service Uses
The Motor Vehicle Sales and Service Uses category includes use types involving the direct sales and servicing of automobiles (including motorcycles), trucks, recreational vehicles, and other consumer motor vehicles intended to transport persons or goods over land, whether for recreation, commerce, or personal transport. Accessory uses may include offices, sales of parts, maintenance facilities, outdoor display, and vehicle storage.
7. Office Uses
The Office Uses category includes office buildings housing activities conducted in an office setting, usually with limited contact with the general public, and generally focusing on business, professional, or financial services. Accessory uses may include cafeterias, child care, recreational or fitness facilities, incidental commercial uses, or other amenities primarily for the use of employees in the business or building.
8. Retail Sales and Service Uses
The Retail Sales and Service Uses category includes use types involved in the sale, rental, and incidental servicing of goods and commodities that are generally delivered or provided on the premises to a consumer. They may also include uses that provide personal services, or product repair or services for consumer and business goods. Accessory uses may include offices, storage of goods, assembly or repackaging of goods for on-site sale, concessions, ATM machines, and outdoor display of merchandise.
9. Self-Service Storage Uses
The Self-Service Storage Uses category includes use types providing individual, self-contained units or areas leased to individuals, organizations, or businesses for self-service storage of household and personal property. The storage units or areas are designed to allow private access by the tenant for storing or removing personal property. Accessory uses include leasing offices, outdoor storage of boats and recreational vehicles, incidental sales or rental of moving supplies and equipment, and living quarters for a resident manager or security guard. Use of the storage areas for sales, service, repair, or manufacturing operations is not considered accessory to self-service storage.
10. Sexually Oriented Businesses
The Sexually Oriented Businesses use category includes a single use type involving the sale, distribution, or presentation of materials, or feature performances or other activities, that emphasize the depiction or display of specified sexual activities.
11. Visitor Accommodation Uses
The Visitor Accommodation Uses category includes use types providing lodging units or rooms for short-term stays of less than 30 days for rent, lease, or interval occupancy. Accessory uses may include pools and other recreational facilities,
restaurants
, bars, limited storage, laundry facilities, gift shops, supporting commercial, meeting facilities, and offices.
F. Industrial Classification
1. Industrial Services Uses
The Industrial Services Uses category includes use types involving the repair or servicing of industrial, business, or consumer machinery equipment, products, or by-products. Firms that service consumer goods do so by mainly providing centralized services for separate retail outlets. Contractors and building maintenance services and similar uses perform services off-site. Few customers, especially the general public, come to the site. Accessory activities may include limited retail or wholesale sales, offices, parking, warehousing, and outdoor storage.
2. Manufacturing and Production Uses
The Manufacturing and Production Uses category includes use types involved in the manufacturing, processing, fabrication, packaging, or assembly of goods. Products may be finished or semi-finished and are generally made for the wholesale market, for transfer to other plants, or to order for firms for consumers. This use category also includes custom industries (establishments primarily engaged in the on-site production of goods by use of hand tools and small-scale equipment) and craft manufacturing. Goods are generally not displayed or sold on-site, but if so, such sales are a subordinate part of total sales. Relatively few customers come to the manufacturing site. Accessory uses may include limited retail sales, wholesale sales, offices, cafeterias, employee recreational facilities, warehouses, storage yards, repair facilities, truck fleets, fueling facilities, and security and caretaker's quarters.
3. Warehousing and Freight Movement Uses
The Warehousing and Freight Movement Uses category includes use types involving the storage or movement of goods for themselves or other firms or businesses. Goods are generally delivered to other firms or the final consumer, except for some will-call pickups. There is little on-site sales activity with the customer present. Accessory uses include offices, truck fleet parking, outdoor storage, and maintenance areas.
4. Waste-Related Uses
The Waste-Related Uses category includes use types receiving solid or liquid wastes from others for on-site disposal, processing, or transfer to another location for processing or disposal, or uses that manufacture or produce goods or energy from the composting of organic material or reuse, recycling, or processing of scrap or waste material. Accessory uses may include offices, outdoor storage, recycling of materials, and repackaging and trans-shipment of by-products.
5. Wholesale Uses
The Wholesale Uses category includes use types involved in the sale, lease, or rent of products primarily intended for industrial, institutional, or commercial businesses. The uses emphasize on-site sales or order-taking and often include display areas. Businesses may or may not be open to the general public, but sales to the general public are limited. Products may be picked up on-site or delivered to the customer. Accessory uses may include offices, product repair, warehouses, minor fabrication services, outdoor storage, greenhouses (for plant nurseries), and repackaging of goods.
G. Accessory Uses and Structures
Part 3, Accessory Uses and Structures, sets forth general standards applicable to all accessory uses and structures, lists certain accessory uses and structures and – for each listed accessory use or structure – designates the zoning districts in which the use or structure is allowed (or is prohibited), defines the accessory use or structure, and sets forth any applicable standards specific to the particular use or structure.
H. Temporary Uses and Structures
Part 4, Temporary Uses and Structures, sets forth general standards applicable to all temporary uses and structures, lists permitted temporary uses and structures and – for each temporary use or structure – designates the zoning districts in which the use or structure is allowed with or without a Temporary Use Permit (or is prohibited) defines the temporary use or structure, and sets forth any standards applicable to the particular use or structure.
I. Uses Involving Alcoholic Beverage Sales
Part 5, Uses Involving Alcoholic Beverage Sales, includes standards that require uses involving the sale of alcoholic beverages to be separated from certain uses and define how required separation distances are measured.
(Ord. 2012-64, passed 9-11-12; Am. Ord. 2013-37, passed 1-22-13)