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The minimum requirements for the construction of single-family dwellings shall be governed by the recommendations in the latest report of the Building Code Committee of the United States Department of Commerce, published under the title of “Recommended Minimum Requirements for Small Dwelling Construction.”
('72 Code, § 151.032) Penalty, see § 10.99
(A) In addition to the exits otherwise provided for and required for every building of more than three stories which is used for residence purposes of more than one family, or is used as a store, office or factory, and every building of more than one story which is used in whole or part above the first story as a theater, school or auditorium, shall be equipped with at least two metallic fire escape stairways leading from the roof to the ground; provided that an enclosed fireproof stairway of at least five feet in width, which is equipped with fireproof doors and the structure and shaft of which are so constructed as to be independent of the support of the rest of the building so that they can stand alone, may be substituted for such outside fireproof stairways.
(B) The ground exit of all such stairways, whether enclosed or outside shall be in such position as to afford ready and immediate escape from the immediate vicinity of the building.
(C) It shall be unlawful to obstruct, or permit the obstruction of any fire escape or stairway, or the entrance thereto, or the exit therefrom.
('72 Code, § 151.040) Penalty, see § 10.99
(A) The term
FIREPROOF CONSTRUCTION as used in this chapter shall mean a building in which all the parts that carry loads or resist strains, and all exterior walls and all interior walls or partitions and all stairways and elevator enclosures, are made of incombustible material, and in which all metallic structural members are protected against the effects of fire by being embedded in a material which shall be entirely incombustible and a slow heat conductor. If the metal framework of the roof is not less than 20 feet above any floor or balcony, fireproofing of members of the roof framework may be omitted. If the metal framework of a roof is more than 18 feet and less than 25 feet above any floor or balcony, the roof framework may be protected by a suspended ceiling of metal lath and portland cement plaster not less than one inch thick.
(B) The fireproof covering on columns shall not be less than two inches thick if of concrete or gunite, or three inches thick if of other approved material; on girders, not less than two inches thick; or other structural parts not less than 1½ inches thick. The thickness shall be outside the extreme edges of the structural members.
(C) The following building materials, systems, units and forms of construction, assembled and constructed as hereinafter required shall be accepted as fireproof construction:
(1) Plain or reinforced concrete.
(2) Reinforced gunite.
(3) Precast reinforced concrete units.
(4) Hollow or solid concrete masonry units.
(5) Brick (clay, sand-lime or concrete).
(6) Plain or reinforced gypsum.
(7) Precast reinforced gypsum units.
(8) Hollow or solid gypsum blocks.
(9) Hollow clay tile.
(10) Metal lath and portland cement plaster.
(D) The order in which the foregoing materials are placed on the list is not to be construed as indicating their relative fireproof qualities.
(E) All fire-resistive construction laid in units or blocks, such as brick and hollow or concrete or clay tile, shall be solidly bedded and laid in portland cement or cement-lime mortar as defined herein on mortar, and shall be thoroughly bonded together by means of broken joints in alternate courses, or by sufficient metal ties or bands, provided, however, that gypsum products shall be laid in gypsum mortar.
('72 Code, § 151.022) Penalty, see § 10.99
The design for all buildings and other structures shall conform to good engineering practice. The following table gives the minimum uniform live loads in pounds; a square foot which shall be used in the design of buildings, except that the specified live loads (but not the roof or sidewalk loads) may be reduced by 20% in buildings of fireproof construction.
(A) Theaters, assembly halls and other places of assemblage.
(1) Auditoriums, with fixed seats 70 lbs.
(2) Auditoriums or places of assemblage without fixed seats100 lbs.
(3) Lobbies, passageways and stairways 100 lbs.
(4) Dance halls 100 lbs.
(5) Theater stage 50 lbs.
(B) School buildings, libraries and museums.
(1) Class rooms and rooms for similar use 60 lbs.
(2) Corridors, lavatories and similar public parts of the building 80 lbs.
(C) Hotels, dwellings, apartment and tenement houses, club houses, hospitals and places of detention.
(1) Dwellings 0 lbs.
(2) Private rooms and apartments 40 lbs.
(3) Public corridors, offices, lobbies, dining rooms, and the like 80 lbs.
(D) Office buildings.
(1) First floor 100 lbs.
(2) Corridors and other public places above the first floor 80 lbs.
(3) Office space above the first floor 30 lbs.
(4) Grand stands 100 lbs.
(5) All stairs 100 lbs.
(E) Garages.
(1) All types of vehicles 100 lbs.
(2) Passenger cars only 80 lbs.
(F) Workshops, factories and mercantile establishments.
(1) All Not less than 100 lbs.
(In warehouses, workshops, factories and mercantile establishments for the sale, storage or manufacture of heavy merchandise or machinery the floors shall be designed to carry all loads safely, including the allowance of at least 25% for vibration where vibration occurs.)
(G) Roofs and sidewalks.
(1) Roofs 30 lbs.
(2) Sidewalks 250 lbs.
(Where the maximum floor load is more than 250 pounds to a square foot, the sidewalk abutting the building must be designed to carry safely such maximum load.)
(H) Other loading. Concentrated, partial and eccentric loading shall also be provided for.
(I) Reductions. Except in buildings for storage purposes the following reductions in assembled live loads are permissible in designating the columns, piers, walls, foundations, trusses and girders. Reduction of total live loads carried:
(1) Carrying one floor 0%
(2) Carrying two floors 10%
(3) Carrying three floors 20%
(4) Carrying four floors 30%
(5) Carrying five floors 40%
(6) Carrying six floors 45%
(7) Carrying seven or more floors 50%
(J) Wind pressure. Buildings and other structures shall be designed to resist a horizontal wind pressure of 20 pounds on every square foot of surface that is exposed, in addition to the dead loads and live loads specified above.
(K) Anchoring. If the overturning moment due to wind pressure exceeds 75% of the moment of stability of the structure due to dead load only, the structure shall be anchored to its foundation, which shall be of sufficient weight to insure the stability of the structure. Sufficient diagonal bracing or rigid connections between the uprights and horizontal structure members shall be provided to resist distortion.
('72 Code, § 151.025) Penalty, see § 10.99
Any grain elevator building or ice house may be constructed of wood if the exterior walls and roof are covered by an envelope of incombustible material and if the first story walls of grain elevators are built of masonry not less than 20 inches thick or reinforced concrete not less than 12 inches thick. The structure above the first story shall be anchored to such wall with 3/4 inch bolts embedded not less than two feet in the masonry or concrete and spaced not more than two feet in the masonry or concrete and spaced not more than six feet apart. Each corner of the structure shall be further reinforced with iron rods not less than one inch thick in diameter extending from above the roof plate to and into the first story wall to a depth of not less than 60 inches. The roof plates shall be fastened down with nuts and washers. All window frames and sashes in the super structure shall be of metal. The openings shall be protected by wire grating of number 14 gauge, with meshes not exceeding 1/2 inch. The openings in the body of the building and in the engine house shall have suitable metal shutters.
('72 Code, § 151.024) Penalty, see § 10.99
Any building or structure intended to be used wholly or in part as a theater, auditorium, a public garage or school shall be constructed according to specifications for fireproof construction hereinafter set forth. Any building intended to be used as a hospital and which is more than one story in height shall be of fireproof construction; and any building to be used for the storage of explosives or flammable liquids or for storing nitrocellulose, or for dry cleaning establishment, foundry or coffee roaster shall be fireproof construction.
('72 Code, § 151.021) Penalty, see § 10.99
(A) Masonry is that form of construction in which non-combustible masonry units such as stone, brick, concrete block, or tile, hollow clay tile, gypsum block, or other similar building units or materials or a combination of these materials, are laid up unit by unit and set in mortar. The minimum permissible thickness of walls and partitions of masonry, and the quality of those materials shall conform to the American Standard Testing Materials Requirements for Masonry, Bulletin No. 3-145, 1940 edition, and Bulletins C-90 and C-129 of 1952 edition, published by the National Bureau of Standards of the United States Department of Commerce.
(B) Masonry bearing walls, party walls, fire walls, fire division walls, exterior panel walls, inclosure walls or curtain walls, eight inches or less in thickness must be laid in portland cement or cement-lime mortar as defined in this chapter.
('72 Code, § 151.030) Penalty, see § 10.99
(A) Portland cement shall conform to the standard specifications and tests for portland cement adopted by the American Society for Testing Materials, published in pamphlet form as C150-52.
(B) Steel used as reinforcement for concrete shall conform to the standard specifications and tests for portland cement adopted by the American Standards Society for Testing Materials, “Standards on Cement,” 1952 edition.
('72 Code, § 151.028) Penalty, see § 10.99
All buildings, including single-family dwellings hereafter erected, shall be provided with at least two means of egress from the building, as far from each other as the plan of the building will permit, or by a doorway in a fire wall leading to another floor area which is provided with adequate stairs or other independent means of exit. No part of a floor shall be more than 100 feet from an exit.
('72 Code, § 151.039) Penalty, see § 10.99
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