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(A) Oil storage tanks on the inside of any building, shall be located in the lowest story, cellar or basement. Total above-ground storage either inside or outside of any building, on any premises shall be limited to 550 gallons but not more than 275 gallons shall be permitted in any one storage tank. On multiple tank installations, approved type check valves shall be provided to prevent cross flow between tanks. Design of check valves that are acceptable will include ball check valves, vertical life check valves and swing check valves that when in a closed position the angle shall be no less than for 45 degrees from the vertical. The fill-pipe on multiple installations shall be so arranged that both tanks will fill equally and the vent pipe shall extend well above cross connections between tanks to prevent air binding when filling, and shall meet the requirements of this section.
(B) Tanks shall be constructed of galvanized iron or basis open hearth steel or wrought iron, not less than 14 gauge or other material of equal strength and durability. All joints shall be welded or riveted. The tanks shall be reinforced with a welded or riveted pad or flange where connections are made. All tanks shall be made tight and tested at five pounds air pressure and with soapy water without showing leaks.
(C) Tanks shall have rigid and incombustible support and shall not be located less than five feet, measured horizontally, from any fire or flame and shall be placed on an incombustible floor.
(D) Each tank shall be provided with an approved type gauging device so that the fuel oil content of the tank may be determined at all times. Glass gauging devices or any others, the breaking or derangements of which would permit the escape of oil, shall not be used.
(E) Fuel oil should not be forced from storage tanks by positive air pressure.
(F) Underground tanks and storage tanks inside buildings shall be filled only through fill pipes terminating outside of buildings at a point at least two feet from any building opening at the same or lower level. Fill terminal shall be closed tight, when not in use, by a metal cover designed to prevent tampering. The fill pipe for such tank or tanks shall be iron or steel not less than one and one-half inches in diameter.
(G) All storage tanks for fuel oil shall be provided with a vent pipe not less than one-half the diameter of the fill pipe opening and in no case less than one and one-quarter inch iron pipe size in diameter.
(H) (1) The vent pipe shall be directly connected into the top of the tank and shall not be interconnected with lines used for other purposes. It shall not extend more than one inch inside the top of the tank.
(2) Vent pipes shall terminate outside of building, at least eight feet above grade, securely supported, at least 18 inches above the tank fill connection and at least two feet measured horizontally or vertically building from any building opening. The vent opening shall be protected by a return bend, hood or other fitting protected with an eight by eight corrosion-resisting screen to minimize the entry of foreign matter.
(3) Vent pipes shall maintain a pitch downward toward the tank of at least one-quarter inch per horizontal foot to prevent pocketing of liquid.
(4) The vent pipe from 275-gallon tanks may be connected to one upright, provided that they be connected to a point at least three inches above the lowest horizontal run of fill pipes.
(5) Vent pipes shall not be cross-connected with fill pipes or return lines from burners.
(6) Fill and vent pipes shall not be run through windows or coal chutes unless such openings are totally enclosed with non-combustible materials.
(I) (1) Except as otherwise permitted in this chapter, the storage of fuel oil in excess of 550 gallons shall be outside of any building in underground tanks.
(2) Tanks located underground shall be placed in a position so that the top of the tank is at least two feet below the surface of the ground and below the level of the lowest pipe leading into the building, provided, that tanks under driveways shall be protected by suitable reinforced concrete slabs. Tanks may be buried 16 inches below grade, with a cover of one foot of earth and a reinforced concrete slab of not less than four inches of thickness. The slab shall be set on a firm, well tamped earth foundation and shall extend at least one foot beyond the tank in all directions.
(3) Tanks may be permitted underneath a building if buried at least two feet below the lowest floor or may be placed l6 inches below the lowest floor and covered with 12 inches of earth and four inches of enforced concrete.
(4) Where it is impracticable to bury tanks, the Department may allow them to be installed inside a building when completely encased in six inches of reinforced concrete and six inches of sand. Access openings in the top of such enclosures may be permitted upon specific approval of the Department. Storage in such installations shall not exceed 5,000 gallons for any one premise.
(J) Underground tanks shall not be located within two feet of a private property line or a basement or pit lower than the top of such tanks, unless such tanks are completely encased in six inches of concrete of a one, three and five mixture.
(K) Underground tanks shall be set on a firm foundation supported so that bearing stresses are uniformly distributed and surrounded with clean sand, well tamped into place. Where necessary to prevent floating, they shall be securely anchored or weighted.
(L) Measuring devices on tanks beneath buildings and previously described encased tanks shall be of an approved wall gauge type. Gauge stick openings located inside any building are expressly prohibited.
(M) Tanks underground and vaulted tanks shall be provided with a clean-out connection, which shall be not less than three-quarter inch pipe, extending within one and one-half inches from the bottom of the tank to outside the building. This connection shall be properly capped.
(N) (1) Gravity feed shall be used only with burners arranged to prevent abnormal discharge of oil at the burner by automatic means specifically approved for the burner with which it is used.
(2) Gravity flow of fuel oil from tank to burner is permitted when each tank does not exceed 275-gallon capacity. Tanks of larger capacity, where permitted, shall discharge oil by suction through top of tank.
(O) Storage and auxiliary tanks shall be securely supported by substantial incombustible supports to prevent settling or sliding.
(P) Where a pump is installed between the storage tank and an auxiliary tank, means shall be provided so as to return any surplus oil to the storage tank or other approved means shall be provided to prevent overflow of the auxiliary tank.
(Q) Fuel oil drums as hereinbefore defined shall be of metal of not less than 18 gauge and shall be equipped with a suitable hand pump or approved self-closing faucet. Said fuel oil drums may be stored in any garage or building on the ground floor only. Fuel oil storage for use with oil-burning space heaters shall be limited to two 55-gallon drums inside of any buildings or not more than one 275-gallon tank outside of any building, where properly vented and provided with a hand pump. The use of faucets on drums or tanks stored inside of buildings is prohibited.
(R) (1) The metal used in all tanks shall be of a minimum gauge U.S. Standard, depending upon the capacity or size as given in the following table:
Capacity | Thickness of Material |
Capacity | Thickness of Material |
1 to 285 gallons | 12 gauge |
286 to 560 gallons | 12 gauge |
561 to 1,100 gallons | 10 gauge |
1,101 to 4,000 gallons | 7 gauge |
4,001 to 12,000 gallons | 1/4 in. |
12,001 to 20,000 gallons | 5/16 in. |
20,001 to 30,000 gallons | 3/8 in. |
(2) All such tanks shall be welded or riveted and shall be heavily coated outside with asphaltum or other rust-resisting material. All tanks and underground piping attached thereto shall be tested for leakage and shall be tight at five pounds air pressure. All tanks having a capacity in excess of 275 gallons and all tanks for underground installation shall bear the Underwriters label.
(T) For fuel oil heavier than 35 degrees A.P. I. tanks may be made of concrete, in accordance with the standards of the National Board of Fire Underwriters for the construction of concrete fuel oil storage tanks as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association, with special permission of the Department.
(U) Fuel oil return lines shall be provided with a check return line extending below the top of the tank.
(Ord. 19, passed 1-7-1955)
Preheating of oil, where necessary, shall be done by steam, hot water or approved electric heaters. Heaters shall be substantially constructed with all joints made oil tight. Thermometer shall be installed at suitable locations to indicate the temperature of the heated oil. Heaters shall be by-passed or provided with suitable means to prevent abnormal pressure. Positive means must be provided to prevent introduction of oil or other liquid harmful to boiler operations into the boiler.
(Ord. 19, passed 1-7-1955)
(A) (1) Oil burners shall be securely installed in a worker-like manner, in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer, by qualified mechanics experienced in making such installations.
(2) Where oil burners are installed in furnaces originally designed for solid fuel, the ash door of the furnace shall be removed or bottom ventilation otherwise provided to prevent the accumulation of vapors in the ash pit, unless the burner is of a type which mechanically purges the ash pit.
(B) Boilers and furnaces in which oil burners are installed shall be connected to flues having sufficient draft at all times to assure safe operation of the burner. Smoke pipe dampers, if any, shall be removed or locked in the desired position. All check drafts must be closed at all times.
(C) Contractors installing industrial oil burner systems shall furnish diagrams showing the main oil lines and controlling valves, one of which shall be posted near the oil burner equipment and another at some point which will be accessible in the case of fire at the burners.
(D) Immediately upon the installation of the tanks and concealed piping of an oil burner installation, the installer thereof shall notify the Inspector that said tanks and piping are ready for inspection by registering the number of the permit and the location of the work in the inspection register book kept for that purpose in the office of the Inspector, and it shall be unlawful for any person to cover up any such tanks or piping until the same shall have been inspected and approved by said Inspector.
(Ord. 19, passed 1-7-1955) Penalty, see § 156.999
Abandoned fuel oil tanks shall be removed; except that such tanks may be allowed to remain, provided that all fuel oil is removed from the tank, the gravity draw-off is securely capped or plugged at the tank, the fill pipe is plugged or capped inside the building, with the section extending outside the building removed, and the vent pipe is not altered. Abandoned outside fuel oil tanks shall be completely filled with water.
(Ord. 19, passed 1-7-1955) Penalty, see § 156.999
(A) (1) All fuel oil burners subject to automatic ignition shall be provided with a permanent approved automatic device so designed that oil, upon entering the combustion chamber shall be immediately ignited or the oil supply shall be immediately shut off.
(2) All fuel oil burners used with warm air, hot water or steam heating systems shall be provided with an approved warm-air limit control, hot water limit control or pressure limit control and low water cut off, respectively to automatically shut off the burner when safe limits of temperature and/or pressure are exceeded; except that this requirement shall not be required for warm air space heaters.
(B) Gravity fed space heaters and hot water heaters shall be provided with a constant level safety float valve or other approved device to prevent flooding of burner due to ignition failure or any other cause.
(C) Thermostats, when required, shall be of an approved type.
(D) Electrically operated controls shall be so designed that failure of electric current will cause burners to be shut off and, in case of pot type burners, will place burners on low-flame operation.
(Ord. 19, passed 1-7-1955) Penalty, see § 156.999
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