For the purpose of this chapter, the following definition shall apply unless the context indicates or requires a different meaning.
DRUG PARAPHERNALIA. All equipment, products and materials of any kind which are used, intended for use or designed for use, in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing, harvesting, manufacturing, compounding, converting, producing, processing, preparing, testing, analyzing, packaging, repackaging, storing, containing, concealing, injecting, ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing into the human body, a controlled substance in violation of city, state and federal law:
(1) Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in planting, propagating, cultivating, growing or harvesting of any species of plant which is a controlled substance, or from which a controlled substance can be derived;
(2) Kits used, intended for use or designed for use in manufacturing compounding, converting, producing, processing or preparing controlled substances;
(3) Isomerization devices used, intended for use or designed for use in increasing the potency of any species of plant which is a controlled substance;
(4) Testing equipment used, intended for use or designed for use in identifying or in analyzing the strength, effectiveness or purity of controlled substances;
(5) Diluents and adulterants, such as quinine, hydrochloride, mannitol, mannite, dextrose and lactose, used, intended for use or designed for use in cutting controlled substances;
(6) Separation gins and sifters used, intended for use or designed for use in removing twigs and seeds from, or in otherwise cleaning or refining marijuana;
(7) Blenders, bowls, containers, spoons and mixing devices used, intended for use or designed for use in compounding controlled substances;
(8) Capsules, balloons, envelopes and other containers used, intended for use or designed for use in packaging small quantities of controlled substances;
(9) Containers and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in storing or concealing controlled substances;
(10) Hypodermic syringes, needles and other objects used, intended for use or designed for use in parenterally injecting controlled substances into the human body;
(11) Objects used, intended for use or designed for use in ingesting, inhaling or otherwise introducing marijuana, cocaine, hashish or hashish oil into the human body, such as:
(a) Metal, wooden, acrylic, glass, stone, plastic or ceramic pipes with or without screens, permanent screens, hashish heads or punctured metal bowls;
(b) Water pipes;
(c) Carburetion tubes and devices;
(d) Smoking and carburetion masks;
(e) Roach clips, meaning objects used to hold burning material, such as a marijuana cigarette, that has become too small or too short to be held in the hand;
(f) Miniature cocaine spoons and cocaine vials;
(g) Chamber pipes;
(h) Carburetor pipes;
(i) Electric pipes;
(j) Air-driven pipes;
(k) Chilams;
(l) Bongs; and
(m) Ice pipes or chillers.
(12) In determining whether an object is drug paraphernalia, the Chief of Police and the court shall consider, in addition to all other logically relevant factors, the following:
(a) Statements by an owner or by anyone in control of the object concerning its use;
(b) Prior convictions, if any, of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, under any state or federal law relating to any controlled substance;
(c) The proximity of the object, in time and space, to a direct violation of this chapter;
(d) The proximity of the object to controlled substances;
(e) The existence of any residue of controlled substances on the object;
(f) Direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, to deliver it to persons whom the person knows, or should reasonably know, intend to use the object to facilitate a violation of this chapter, the innocence of an owner, or of anyone in control of the object, as to a direct violation of the chapter shall not prevent a finding that the object is intended for use, or designed for use as drug paraphernalia;
(g) Instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use;
(h) Descriptive materials accompanying the object which explain or depict its use;
(i) National or local advertising concerning its use;
(j) The manner in which the object is displayed for sale;
(k) Whether the owner, or anyone in control of the object, is a legitimate supplier of like or related items to the community, such as a licensed distributor or dealer of tobacco products;
(l) Direct or circumstantial evidence of the ratio of sales of the objects to the total sales of the business enterprise;
(m) The existence and scope of legitimate use for the object in the community; and
(n) Expert testimony concerning its use.
(1985 Code, § 14-92)