For purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meaning herein indicated:
(a) AIMING ANGLE: when applied to exterior lighting, this term is correctly used only with directional lighting systems. In this case, the aiming angle is the angle between the center of the object or area being lighted and the point on the ground directly beneath the luminaire.
(b) EXTERIOR LIGHTING SYSTEM: the installation of lamps, luminaires, electrical wiring, controls and mounting hardware (poles or brackets) designed to illuminate outdoor areas, landscape or buildings.
(c) FLOODLIGHT: a type of directional luminaire or lamp which may be adjusted on site to project and direct light out and away from the mounting location. Floodlights are typically designed to illuminate relatively large areas.
(d) FLUORESCENT LIGHT SOURCE: a low pressure gas discharge lamp in the form of a bulb or tube which utilizes a phosphor as the light-emitting element.
(e) FOOTCANDLE: a unit of illumination produced on a surface, all points of which are one foot from a uniform point source of one candle.
(f) FULL CUT-OFF FIXTURE: a type of fixed directional outdoor luminaire which emits no light above a horizontal plane through the optical center of the luminaire or, alternatively, above an angle of 90 degrees where zero degrees is the aim point on the ground directly beneath the luminaire.
(g) FULLY SHIELDED FIXTURE: a luminaire equipped with opaque hoods, louvers or visors so as to completely block the light from going in other than a specified direction.
(h) GLARE: the visual sensation produced by brightness in the field of view that is sufficiently greater than the light level to which the eyes are adapted so as to cause annoyance, discomfort or loss of visibility.
(i) HALOGEN LIGHT SOURCE: an incandescent lamp with halogen gas filling typically designed to increase energy efficiency and lengthen lamp life compared to standard incandescent lamps.
(j) HID LIGHT SOURCE: a lamp which utilizes a small gas arc discharge or “high intensity discharge” as the light emitter. Examples of HID light sources are mercury, metal halide and high pressure sodium lamps.
(k) ILLUMINANCE: the quantity of light arising at a surface divided by the area of that surface, measured in footcandles.
(l) INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCE: a lamp containing a tungsten wire filament heated to a high temperature as the light-emitting element.
(m) LAMP: a bulb, globe, tube or capsule, usually formed out of glass, containing an electrical and physical assembly of materials designed to convert electricity into light.
(n) LANDSCAPE LIGHTING: lighting installed and arranged to primarily illuminate “softscape” such as bushes, trees, vines, shrubs and flowers or “hardscape” such as terraces, fences, bridges, walls (non-building), sculptures, water features, ornaments, and formed earth shapes. Landscape lighting may be automatically or manually switched provided that the operating period extends only from dusk to midnight.
(o) LIGHT POLLUTION: wasted light directed into the sky which may result in or contribute to sky glow and the loss of the natural beauty and visibility of the sky and stars.
(p) LIGHT SOURCE: the light emitting portion (filament, arc tube or element) of a lamp.
(q) LIGHT TRESPASS: outdoor lighting which emits unwanted light or glare beyond the boundaries of the property on which the light source is located.
(r) LUMEN: the unit measure of light flux or light output from lamps and luminaires.
(s) LUMINAIRE: a complete lighting unit typically consisting of all electrical and mechanical parts necessary for operation including a lamp, ballast (in the case of discharge lamps), optical assembly and enclosure.
(t) LUMINAIRE MOUNTING HEIGHT: the vertical distance between the ground and the optical center of the luminaire in an outdoor lighting system.
(u) OPTICAL CENTER OF LUMINAIRE: the point inside of a luminaire at the middle of the light emitting area of the light source.
(v) RECESSED CEILING FIXTURE: an outdoor lighting fixture recessed into a canopy ceiling so that the bottom of the fixture, including the lens, does not extend below the ceiling or canopy.
(w) RECREATIONAL LIGHTING: lighting of ball fields, courts, pools, playgrounds, and/or other sports, play or recreational areas other than those accessory to single family residences.
(x) UPLIGHTING: any light source that distributes illumination above a 90 degree horizontal plane.
(Ord. 2016-23. Passed 10-10-16.)