The following standards shall be used in determining the required number of parking spaces.
(A) Definition of floor area. For the purposes of determining the required number of parking spaces, floor area shall be measured in accordance with the definitions provided in § 154.005.
(B) Units of measurement.
(1) Fractional spaces. When calculations for determining the required number of parking spaces results in a fractional space, any fraction of less than one-half may be disregarded, while a fraction of one-half or more shall be counted as one full space.
(2) Employee parking. Parking spaces required for employees shall be based on the maximum number of employees on the premises at any one time.
(C) Uses not cited. For those uses not specifically mentioned, the requirements for off-street parking for the most similar use stated shall be determined by the Zoning Administrator.
(D) Parking during construction. Temporary off-street parking shall be provided for workers during construction at a rate of one space per employee. Temporary gravel surfacing may be permitted for temporary parking. Temporary parking areas must be abandoned and returned to the original state or improved in accordance with an approved site plan prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy.
(E) Parking for the physically handicapped. Each parking lot that serves a building, except single- and two-family dwelling units, shall have a number of level parking spaces, identified by an above-grade sign which indicates the spaces are reserved for physically handicapped persons. Parking for the handicapped shall comply with the state Barrier-Free Rules, Public Act 1 of 1966, as amended, being M.C.L.A. 125.1351 et seq., and the adopted city Building Code. The number of barrier-free spaces required is as follows.
Total Parking In Lot | Required Number of Barrier-Free Spaces |
Total Parking In Lot | Required Number of Barrier-Free Spaces |
Up to 25
|
1
|
26 to 50
|
2
|
51 to 75
|
3
|
76 to 100
|
4
|
101 to 150
|
5
|
151 to 200
|
6
|
201 to 300
|
8
|
301 to 400
|
12
|
Over 400
|
12 plus 2 for every 250 or fraction thereof over 400
|
(F) Use of loading space. Required loading space shall not be counted or used for parking requirements.
(G) Modification of minimum requirements. In the case of a site plan for development within the Planned Development District, the Planning Commission may modify a numerical standard for off-street parking. In other nonresidential districts, the Zoning Board of Appeals may reduce a standard for a particular site, based upon evidence that another standard would be more reasonable, considering the level of current or future employment and/or level of current or future customer traffic.
(H) Shared parking. Off-street parking for two or more uses may be provided collectively via a shared common parking area. The uses that share a common parking area may be located within a single building or in separate buildings. The uses may be located on the same or different property or lot. The total number of spaces provided collectively shall not be less than the sum of spaces calculated according to the following procedure.
(1) Multiply the minimum parking required for each use, as set forth in Section 74-6.204 by the appropriate percentage indicated in Table 6, Shared Parking Factors for each of the six designated time periods.
(2) Add together the resulting modified parking figures for each of the six time period columns. The highest total of the time period columns shall be the minimum shared parking requirement.
(3) If a particular land use proposing to make use of collective parking facilities (e.g., religious institution, municipal use) does not conform to the general classifications in the Shared Parking Factors table (as determined by the Zoning Administrator), the applicant shall submit sufficient data to indicate the principal operating hours of the proposed use. Based upon this documentation, the Zoning Administrator shall determine the appropriate collective parking requirement (if any) for the proposed use.
SHARED PARKING FACTORS
| ||||||
Land Use Classification | Weekdays | Weekends | ||||
1 AM - 7AM | 7 AM - 7PM | 7 PM - 1 AM | 1 AM - 7AM | 7 AM - 7PM | 7 PM - 1 AM | |
Office/Service | 5% | 95% | 5% | 0% | 10% | 0% |
Commercial/Retail | 0% | 95% | 75% | 0% | 90% | 75% |
Restaurant | 20% | 70% | 100% | 30% | 75% | 100% |
Residential/Hotel | 95% | 25% | 95% | 95% | 75% | 95% |
(I) Minimum number of spaces for each use. The amount of required off-street parking spaces shall be determined in accordance with the following schedule.
SCHEDULE OF OFF-STREET PARKING
| |
Land Use | Required No. of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure |
SCHEDULE OF OFF-STREET PARKING
| |
Land Use | Required No. of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure |
RESIDENTIAL USES | |
Single and two-family residential dwellings | 2 Dwelling unit (may be in garage) |
Multiple-family housing And attached single-family housing | 2 per dwelling unit PLUS supplemental guest parking of 20% of required dwelling unit parking |
Senior apartments | Same standards as for multiple-family housing. |
Housing for elderly; elderly housing complex, congregate housing, dependent housing facilities | 1 per dwelling unit, or 0.5 per bed PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Mobile homes | Parking shall be provided in accordance with MI MHC Rules and MLCA 152.2301, as amended |
INSTITUTIONAL OR PUBLIC USES | |
Churches, temples, and places of worship | 1 per 3 seats OR 6 lineal feet of pews in the main hall, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory or associated uses (school, day care, etc.) |
Child care centers | 1 per teacher, administrator or other employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS sufficient area for pick-up/drop-off of children in a safe manner |
Fraternities, dormitories | 1 per 5 active resident members or 2 beds, whichever is greater |
Hospitals, sanitariums | 1 per 2 beds, PLUS 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area occupied by outpatient services, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Homes for the aged, convalescent homes, children’s homes | 1 per dwelling unit or 0.5 per bed, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Museum, library, cultural center, or similar facility | 1 per 500 sq. ft. of usable floor space, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Public utility use | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
School, elementary and junior high | 2 per classroom, PLUS any required space for an auditorium or other public meeting space. However, if a place of assembly is provided and the parking for the assembly area is greater or equal to the requirements of classroom parking, the classroom parking is waived. |
School, senior high | 1 per teacher, administrator, or other employee, PLUS 1 per 5 students who may legally occupy the school at one time, PLUS any required space for an auditorium or other public meeting space |
Stadiums, sports arenas | The greater of 1 per 4 persons OR 1 per 6 lineal feet of benches PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Theaters and auditoriums with fixed seating | The greater of 1 per 3 seats, OR 1 per 6 lienal feet of benches |
Theaters and auditoriums, dining halls, exhibition halls, and assembly halls without fixed seating | 1 per 3 persons who may be legally admitted at one time based on the occupancy load established by local code, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL USES | |
Animal hospitals and veterinary clinics | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Auto and vehicle repair or service facilities, bump shop | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 3 per service or repair bay |
Auto or vehicle service/ filling station | 1 per fueling station, PLUS 1 stacking space per 2 fueling stations, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory uses or associated uses, (restaurants, convenience stores, etc.) |
Auto wash, automatic operation | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 5 stacking spaces per automatic wash operation or line |
Auto wash, self-service or coin operated | 3 stacking spaces per washing stall in addition to the washing space stall itself, PLUS 1 per drying spaces |
Banks, financial institutions | 1 per 200 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 5 stacking spaces per drive through service window or station |
Beauty or barber shops | 3 per beauty or barber shop station for the first two stations, PLUS 1.5 per each additional station |
Furniture and appliance sales household equipment repair shops | 1 per 600 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Hotel, motel, or other lodging | 1 per occupancy unit, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for associated uses |
Laundromats and coin-operated dry cleaners | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS 1 per on-duty employee |
Lumber yard | 2.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
Mini-warehouses, self-storage establishments | 1 per 10 storage units, equally distributed throughout the storage area, PLUS 2 per manager’s or caretaker’s quarters, PLUS 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area in the office building |
Mortuaries, funeral homes | 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area in the parlor area, viewing rooms, chapels, or assembly areas |
Motor vehicle sales (new) | 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area exclusive of service areas, PLUS 2 per auto service stall in the service area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Motor vehicle sales (used) | 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS 2.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Open air business | 1 per 200 sq. ft. of land area being used for display, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
Personal service establishments not otherwise specified | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Radio, cable or television station or studio | 1.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, carry-out | 1 per 100 sq. ft. of usable floor area in customers waiting, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, fast-food | 1 per 50 sq. ft. of eating area |
Restaurant, drive-in, drive-through | 10 stacking spaces per pay station, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, delivery | 1 per delivery vehicle, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, standard | 1 per 3 seats, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Shopping centers | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Supermarkets, convenience stores | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Wholesale stores, of a plumber, electrician, or similar trade | 1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of usable showroom floor area, sales, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Retail stores not otherwise specified | 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
OFFICE USES | |
Business and professional offices, except as otherwise specified | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Professional offices, clinics of doctors, dentists, and similar professions | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Real estate offices | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
INDUSTRIAL USES | |
Contractor or construction use | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Manufacturing establishments, or establishments for industrial production, processing, assembly, research, compounding, preparation, cleaning, servicing, testing, repair, plus accessory business offices and storage facilities | 1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of usable floor area, or 1 per on-duty employee based on maximum employment shift, whichever is greater |
Wholesale and warehouse establishments | 1 per 1,500 sq. ft. of gross floor area or 1 per on-duty employee based on maximum employment shift, whichever is greater |
RECREATIONAL USES (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE) | |
Arcades | 1 per amusement station or video game, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Archery facilities | 2 per target |
Softball, baseball fields | 25 per playing field |
BMX course | 50 per course |
Bowling establishments | 4 per lane PLUS any required space for associated uses |
Dance halls, health spas, skating rinks, personal fitness center and similar indoor recreation uses | 1 per 3 persons allowed as established by local, county, or state fire, building, or health codes, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Football and soccer fields | 30 per field |
Golf course, public or private | 4 per golf hole, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory uses or associates uses (restaurants, convenience stores, etc.) |
Golf course, miniature or par 3 | 3 per golf hole, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Golf driving range | 1 per tee |
Private clubs and lodges | 1 per 3 persons allowed as established by local, county, or state fire, building, o health codes, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Stadium sports arena, or similar assembly space with fixed seating | 1 per 3 seats OR 1 per 6 lineal feet of benches, whichever is greater |
Swimming pool clubs, swimming pools | 1 per 3 persons who may be legally admitted at one time based on occupancy load established by local code, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Tennis clubs and court-recreation uses | 1 per person permitted based on type and capacity of the courts, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am. Ord. 08-004, passed 11-5-07; Am. Ord. 10-009, passed 10-5-09; Am. Ord. 20-007, passed 11-23-20) Penalty, see § 154.999