(A) The type of protection required by this subchapter shall depend on the degree of hazard which exists as follows.
(1) An approved air gap separation shall be installed where the public potable water system may be contaminated with substances that could cause a severe health hazard.
(2) An approved air gap separation or an approved reduced pressure principal backflow prevention device shall be installed where the public potable water system may be contaminated with a substance that could cause a health hazard.
(3) An approved air gap separation or an approved reduced pressure principal backflow prevention device or an approved double check valve assembly shall be installed where the public potable water system may be polluted with substances that could cause a pollution hazard not dangerous to health.
(B) (1) An approved backflow prevention device shall be installed in the service connection line to a consumer’s water system or within any premises where, in the judgment of the Municipal Water Department or the state’s Department of Health, actual or potential hazards to the public potable water system exists.
(2) The type and degree of protection required shall be commensurate with the degree of hazard.
(3) An approved air gap separation or reduced pressure principal backflow prevention device shall be installed at the service connection or within any premises where, in the judgment of the Municipal Water Department or the state’s Department of Health, the nature and extent of activities on the premises or the materials used in connection with the activities or materials stored on the premises would present an immediate and dangerous hazard to health should a cross-connection occur, even though such cross-connection device is required to be installed.
(4) This includes, but is not limited to, the following situations:
(a) Premises having an auxiliary water supply unless the quality of the auxiliary supply is acceptable to the Municipal Water Department and the state’s Department of Health;
(b) Premises having internal cross-connections that are not correctable or intricate plumbing arrangements which make it impractical to ascertain whether or not cross-connections exist;
(c) Premises where entry is restricted so that inspections for cross-connections cannot be made with sufficient frequency or at sufficiently short notice to assure that cross-connections do not exist;
(d) Premises that, although not covered by this code, are subject to frequent modification which would change their status or premises that have had backflow code violations;
(e) Premises on which any substance is handled under pressure so as to permit entry into the public water supply or where a cross-connection could reasonably be expected to occur. This shall include the handling of process waters and cooling waters; and
(f) Premises where materials of a toxic or hazardous nature are handled such that, if back siphonage or back pressure should occur, a serious health hazard may result.
(3) The following types of facilities must install or have in operation any approved air gap separation, atmospheric vacuum breaker or reduced pressure principal backflow prevention device as required by the Municipal Water Department and the state’s Department of Health to protect the public water supply and such must be installed at these facilities unless all hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions have been eliminated or corrected by other methods to the satisfaction of the Municipal Water Department and the state’s Department of Health.
(a) Auxiliary water systems;
(b) Beverage bottling plants;
(c) Canaries, packing houses and reduction plants;
(d) Car washing facilities;
(e) Chemical manufacturing, processing, compounding or treatment plants;
(f) Chemically contaminated water systems;
(g) Dairies and cold storage plants;
(h) Film laboratories;
(i) Fire protection systems;
(j) Hazardous waste storage and disposal;
(k) Hospital, mortuaries, clinics;
(l) Sprinkler systems and hose connections injecting directly, materials of a toxic or hazardous nature;
(m) Laundries and dye works;
(n) Metal manufacturing, cleaning, processing and fabricating plants;
(o) Oil and gas production, storage or transmission properties;
(p) Plating plants;
(q) Printing and publishing facilities;
(r) Research and analytical laboratories;
(s) Sewage and storm drainage facilities - pumping stations;
(t) Zoological and horticultural gardens;
(u) All cemetery sprinkler systems;
(v) Pet grooming and veterinarian hospitals;
(w) Class A, B and C swimming pools;
(x) Cooling coil service lines (refrigeration, air conditioning and the like);
(y) All hot water and steam boiler heating systems; and
(z) All stockyards and sale barns.
(1995 Code, § 3-130) Penalty, see § 52.99