"Maintenance", as used in this chapter, includes, but is not limited to, sprinkling, graveling, oiling, chip sealing, seal coating, overlaying, treating, general cleaning, sweeping, flushing, snow removal, and leaf and debris removal, the operation, maintenance, and repair of traffic signal systems, the repair of traffic signs, the placement and maintenance of pavement markings, and curb and gutter repair. "Maintenance" also includes the preparation and improvement of streets, avenues and alleys within the maintenance districts so that the maintenance will be of a durable and continuing benefit, as provided in Montana Code Annotated section 7-12-4405. Such "maintenance" may be done by contract or by forces employed by the city, or by both, in such manner as the city council may from time to time elect. (Ord. 13.38; amd. 2006 Code)