For the purpose of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
(a) “Campaign committee,” “contribution,” “legislative campaign fund,” “political action committee,” “political contributing entity,” and “political party.” Have the same meanings as in Ohio R.C. 3517.01.
(b) “Contraband.” Any property that is illegal for a person to acquire or possess under a statute, ordinance, or rule, or that a trier of fact lawfully determines to be illegal to possess by reason of the property’s involvement in an offense. “Contraband”includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:
(1) Any controlled substance, as defined in Ohio R.C. 3719.01, or any device or paraphernalia related thereto;
(2) Any unlawful gambling device or paraphernalia;
(3) Any dangerous ordnance or obscene material.
(c) “Deadly force.” Any force that carries a substantial risk that it will proximately result in the death of any person.
(d) “Detention.” Arrest; confinement in any vehicle subsequent to an arrest; confinement in any public or private facility for custody of persons charged with or convicted of crime in this State or another state or under the laws of the United States or alleged or found to be a delinquent child or unruly child in this State or another state or under the laws of the United States; hospitalization, institutionalization, or confinement in any public or private facility that is ordered pursuant to or under the authority of Ohio R.C. 2945.37, 2945.371, 2945.38, 2945.39, 2945.40, 2945.401 or 2945.402; confinement in any vehicle for transportation to or from any facility of any of those natures; detention for extradition or deportation; except as provided in This division, supervision by any employee of any facility of any of those natures that is incidental to hospitalization, institutionalization, or confinement in the facility but that occurs outside the facility; supervision by an employee of the Department of Rehabilitation and Correction of a person on any type of release from a state correctional institution; or confinement in any vehicle, airplane, or place while being returned from outside of this State into this State by a private person or entity pursuant to a contract entered into under Ohio R.C. 311.29(E) or Ohio R.C. 5149.03(B). For a person confined in a county jail who participates in a county jail industry program pursuant to Ohio R.C. 5147.30, “detention” includes time spent at an assigned work site and going to and from the work site.
(e) “Detention facility.” Any public or private place used for the confinement of a person charged with or convicted of any crime in this State or another state or under the laws of the United States or alleged or found to be a delinquent child or an unruly child in this State or another state or under the laws of the United States.
(f) “Force.” Any violence, compulsion, or constraint physically exerted by any means upon or against a person or thing.
(g) "Law enforcement officer" means any of the following:
(1) A sheriff, deputy sheriff, constable, police officer of a township or joint police district, marshal, deputy marshal, municipal police officer, member of a police force employed by a metropolitan housing authority under Ohio R.C. 3735.31(D) or State highway patrol trooper;
(2) An officer, agent or employee of the State or any of its agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions, upon whom, by statute, Charter or ordinance, a duty to conserve the peace or to enforce all or certain laws is imposed and the authority to arrest violators is conferred, within the limits of that statutory duty and authority;
(3) A mayor or manager in the mayor’s or manager’s capacity as chief conservator of the peace within the mayor’s or manager’s municipal corporation;
(4) A member of an auxiliary police force organized by county, township or municipal law enforcement authorities, within the scope of the member's appointment or commission;
(5) A person lawfully called pursuant to Ohio R.C. 311.07 to aid a sheriff in keeping the peace, for the purposes and during the time when the person is called;
(6) A person appointed by a mayor pursuant to Ohio R.C. 737.10 as a special patrolling officer during riot or emergency, for the purposes and during the time when the person is appointed;
(7) A member of the organized militia of this State or the armed forces of the United States, lawfully called to duty to aid civil authorities in keeping the peace or protect against domestic violence;
(8) A prosecuting attorney, assistant prosecuting attorney, secret service officer or municipal prosecutor;
(9) A veterans' home police officer appointed under Ohio R.C. 5907.02;
(10) A member of a police force employed by a regional transit authority under Ohio R.C. 306.35(Y);
(11) A special police officer employed by a port authority under Ohio R.C. 4582.04 or 4582.28;
(12) The Senate Sergeant of Arms and or Assistant Sergeant at Arms;
(13) A special police officer employed by a municipal corporation at a municipal airport, or other municipal air navigation facility, that has scheduled operations, as defined in Section 119.3 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, 14 C.F.R. 119.3, as amended, and that is required to be under a security program and is governed by aviation security rules of the transportation security administration of the United States Department of Transportation as provided in Parts 1542 and 1544 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as amended.
(h) “Not guilty by reason of insanity.” A person is “not guilty by reason of insanity” relative to a charge of an offense only if the person proves, in the manner specified in Ohio R.C. 2901.05, that at the time of the commission of the offense, he or she did not know, as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, the wrongfulness of his or her acts.
(i) “Offense of violence.”
(1) A violation of Ohio R.C. 2903.01, 2903.02, 2903.03, 2903.04, 2903.11, 2903.12, 2903.13, 2903.15, 2903.18, 2903.21, 2903.211, 2903.22, 2905.01, 2905.02, 2905.11, 2905.32, 2907.02, 2907.03, 2907.05, 2909.02, 2909.03, 2909.24, 2911.01, 2911.02, 2911.11, 2917.01, 2917.02, 2917.03, 2917.31, 2917.321, 2919.25, 2921.03, 2921.04, 2921.34, 2923.161, 2903.04(A)(1), 2911.12(A)(1) to (3) or 2919.22(B)(1) to (4), or felonious sexual penetration in violation of former Ohio R.C. 2907.12;
(2) A violation of an existing or former municipal ordinance or law of this or any other state or of the United States, substantially equivalent to any section, division or offense listed in division (1) of this definition;
(3) An offense, other than a traffic offense, under an existing or former municipal ordinance or law of this or any other state or of the United States, committed purposely or knowingly, and involving physical harm to persons or a risk of serious physical harm to persons;
(4) A conspiracy or attempt to commit, or complicity in committing, any offense under division (1), (2), or (3) of this definition;
(5) A violation of division (C) of R.C. § 959.131.
(j) “Official proceeding.” Any proceeding before a legislative, judicial, administrative, or other governmental agency or official authorized to take evidence under oath, and includes any proceeding before a referee, hearing examiner, commissioner, notary, or other person taking testimony or a deposition in connection with an official proceeding.
(k) “Party official.” Any person who holds an elective or appointive post in a political party in the United States or this State, by virtue of which he or she directs, conducts, or participates in directing or conducting party affairs at any level of responsibility.
(l) “Person.”
(1) A. Subject to division (2) of this definition, as used in any section contained in this General Offenses Code that sets forth a criminal offense, “person” includes all of the following:
1. An individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership and association.
2. An unborn human who is viable.
B. As used in any section contained in this General Offenses Code that does not set forth a criminal offense, “person” includes an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, partnership and association.
C. As used in division (1)A.2. of this definition, “unborn human” means an individual organism of the species Homo sapiens from fertilization until live birth. “Viable” means the stage of development of a human fetus at which there is a realistic probability of maintaining and nourishing of a life outside the womb with or without temporary artificial life-sustaining support.
(2) Notwithstanding division (1)A. of this definition, in no case shall the portion of the definition of the term “person” that is set forth in division (1)A.2. of this definition be applied or construed in any section contained in this General Offenses Code that sets forth a criminal offense in any of the following manners:
A. Except as otherwise provided in division (2)A. of this definition, in a manner so that the offense prohibits or is construed as prohibiting any pregnant woman or her physician from performing an abortion with the consent of the pregnant woman, with the consent of the pregnant woman implied by law in a medical emergency, or with the approval of one otherwise authorized by law to consent to medical treatment on behalf of the pregnant woman. An abortion that violates the conditions described in the immediately preceding sentence may be punished as a violation of Ohio R.C. 2903.01, 2903.02, 2903.03, 2903.04, 2903.05, 2903.06, 2903.08, 2903.11, 2903.12, 2903.13, 2903.14, 2903.21 or 2903.22, or any substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, as applicable. An abortion that does not violate the conditions described in the second immediately preceding sentence but that does violate Ohio R.C. 2919.12, 2919.13(B), 2919.15, 2919.151, 2919.17 or 2919.18, or any substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, may be punished as a violation of such section, as applicable. Consent is sufficient under this division if it is of the type otherwise adequate to permit medical treatment to the pregnant woman, even if it does not comply with Ohio R.C. 2919.12.
B. In a manner so that the offense is applied or is construed as applying to a woman based on an act or omission of the woman that occurs while she is or was pregnant and that results in any of the following:
1. Her delivery of a stillborn baby.
2. Her causing, in any other manner, the death in utero of a viable, unborn human that she is carrying.
3. Her causing the death of her child who is born alive but who dies from one or more injuries that are sustained while the child is a viable, unborn human.
4. Her causing her child who is born alive to sustain one or more injuries while the child is a viable, unborn human.
5. Her causing, threatening to cause, or attempting to cause, in any other manner, an injury, illness, or other psychological illness or condition, regardless of its duration or gravity, to a viable, unborn human that she is carrying.
(m) “Physical harm to persons.” Any injury, illness, or other physiological impairment, regardless of its gravity or duration.
(n) “Physical harm to property.” Any tangible or intangible damage to property that, in any degree, results in loss to its value or interferes with its use or enjoyment. “Physical harm to property” does not include wear and tear occasioned by normal use.
(o) “Privilege.” An immunity, license, or right conferred by law, or bestowed by express or implied grant, or arising out of status, position, office, or relationship, or growing out of necessity.
(p) “Property.”
(1) Any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, and any interest or license in that property. “Property” includes, but is not limited to, cable television service, other telecommunications service, telecommunications devices, information service, computers, data, computer software, financial instruments associated with computers, other documents associated with computers, or copies of the documents, whether in machine or human-readable form, trade secrets, trademarks, copyrights, patents, and property protected by a trademark, copyright or patent. “Financial instruments associated with computers” include, but are not limited to, checks, drafts, warrants, money orders, notes of indebtedness, certificates of deposit, letters of credit, bills of credit or debit cards, financial transaction authorization mechanisms, marketable securities, or any computer system representations of any of them.
(2) As used in this definition, “trade secret” has the same meaning as in Ohio R.C. 1333.61, and “telecommunications service” and “information service” have the same meanings as in Ohio R.C. 2913.01.
(3) As used in this definition and in the definition of “contraband” in this section, “cable television service,” “computer,” “computer network,” “computer software,” “computer system,” “data,” and “telecommunications device” have the same meanings as in Ohio R.C. 2913.01.
(r) “Public official.” Any elected or appointed officer, employee, or agent of the State or any political subdivision thereof, whether in a temporary or permanent capacity, and includes but is not limited to legislators, judges, and law enforcement officers. The term does not include an employee, officer, or governor appointed member of the board of directors of the nonprofit corporation formed under Ohio R.C. 187.01.
(s) “Public servant.” Any of the following:
(1) Any of the following:
A. Any public official.
B. Any person performing ad hoc a governmental function, including but not limited to a juror, member of a temporary commission, master, arbitrator, advisor or consultant.
C. A person who is a candidate for public office, whether or not he or she is elected or appointed to the office for which he or she is a candidate. A person is a candidate for purposes of this division if he or she has been nominated according to law for election or appointment to public office, or if he or she has filed a petition or petitions as required by law to have his or her name placed on the ballot in a primary, general or special election, or if he or she campaigns as a write-in candidate in any primary, general or special election.
(2) The term does not include an employee, officer, or governor-appointed member of the board of directors of the nonprofit corporation formed under Ohio R.C. 187.01.
(t) “Risk.” A significant possibility, as contrasted with a remote possibility, that a certain result may occur or that certain circumstances may exist.
(u) “School,” “school building,” and “school premises.” Have the same meanings as in Ohio R.C. 2925.01.
(v) “School activity.” Any activity held under the auspices of a board of education of a city, local, exempted village, joint vocational or cooperative education school district; a governing authority of a community school established under R.C. Chapter 3314; a governing board of an educational service center; or the governing body of a nonpublic school for which the Director of Education and Workforce prescribes minimum standards under R.C. § 3301.07.
(w) “School bus.” Has the same meaning as in Ohio R.C. 4511.01.
(x) “School safety zone.” Consists of a school, school building, school premises, school activity, and school bus.
(y) “Serious physical harm to persons.” Any of the following:
(1) Any mental illness or condition of such gravity as would normally require hospitalization or prolonged psychiatric treatment;
(2) Any physical harm that carries a substantial risk of death;
(3) Any physical harm that involves some permanent incapacity, whether partial or total, or that involves some temporary, substantial incapacity;
(4) Any physical harm that involves some permanent disfigurement, or that involves some temporary, serious disfigurement;
(5) Any physical harm that involves acute pain of such duration as to result in substantial suffering, or that involves any degree of prolonged or intractable pain.
(z) “Serious physical harm to property.” Any physical harm to property that does either of the following:
(1) Results in substantial loss to the value of the property, or requires a substantial amount of time, effort, or money to repair or replace;
(2) Temporarily prevents the use or enjoyment of the property, or substantially interferes with its use or enjoyment for an extended period of time.
(aa) “Substantial risk.” A strong possibility, as contrasted with a remote or significant possibility, that a certain result may occur or that certain circumstances may exist.
(bb) “Valuable thing” or “valuable benefit.” Includes, but is not limited to, a contribution. This inclusion does not indicate or imply that a contribution was not included in those terms before September 17, 1986.
(ORC 2901.01, 2921.01)