For the purpose of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning.
ACCESSORY STRUCTURE. A non-habitable structure which is on the same parcel of property as the principal structure to be insured and the use of which is incidental to the use of the principal structure.
ACT. An Act in Relation to the Regulation of the Rivers, Lakes and Streams of the state, 615 ILCS 5/5 et seq.
APPLICANT. Any person, firm, corporation or agency which submits an application.
APPROPRIATE USE. Only uses of the designated floodway that are permissible and will be considered for permit issuance. The only uses that will be allowed are as specified in § 156.062 of this chapter.
BASE FLOOD. The flood having a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The BASE FLOOD is also known as the 100-YEAR FREQUENCY FLOOD EVENT. Application of the base flood elevation at any location is as defined in § 156.004 of this chapter.
BASE FLOOD ELEVATION (BFE). The elevation in relation to mean sea level of the crest of the base flood.
BASEMENT. The portion of the building having its floor subgrade (below ground level) on all sides.
BUILDING. A walled and roofed structure, including gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally above ground, including manufactured homes, prefabricated buildings and gas or liquid storage tanks. The term also includes recreational vehicles and travel trailers installed on a site for more than 180 days per year.
CHANNEL. Any river, stream, creek, brook, branch, natural or artificial depression, ponded area, flowage, slough, ditch, conduit, culvert, gully, ravine, wash or natural or human-made drainageway, which has a definite bed and banks or shoreline, in or into which surface or ground water flows, either perennially or intermittently.
CHANNEL MODIFICATION. Alteration of a channel by changing the physical dimensions or materials of its bed or banks. CHANNEL MODIFICATION includes damming, rip-rapping (or other armoring), widening, deepening, straightening, relocating, lining and significant removal of native vegetation from the bottom or banks. CHANNEL MODIFICATION does not include the clearing of dead or dying vegetation, debris or trash from the channel. Channelization is a severe form of CHANNEL MODIFICATION involving a significant change in the channel cross-section and typically involving relocation of the existing channel (e.g. straightening).
CITY. The City of Blue Island, an Illinois municipal corporation, the corporate authorities of said city, and said city’s authorized designees, employees or officers.
COMPENSATORY STORAGE. An artificially excavated, hydraulically equivalent volume of storage within the SFHA used to balance the loss of natural flood storage capacity when artificial fill or structures are placed within the floodplain. The uncompensated loss of natural floodplain storage can increase off-site floodwater elevations and flows.
CONDITIONAL APPROVAL OF A DESIGNATED FLOODWAY MAP CHANGE. Preconstruction approval by IDNR/OWR and FEMA of a proposed change to the floodway map. This preconstruction approval, pursuant to this part, gives assurances to the property owner that once an appropriate use is constructed according to permitted plans, the floodway map can be changed, as previously agreed, upon review and acceptance of as-built plans.
CONDITIONAL LETTER OF MAP REVISION (CLOMR). A letter which indicates that FEMA will revise base flood elevations, flood insurance rate zones, flood boundaries or floodway as shown on an effective Flood Hazard Boundary Map or Flood Insurance Rate Map, once the as-built plans are submitted and approved.
CONTROL STRUCTURE. A structure designed to control the rate of flow that passes through the structure, given a specific upstream and downstream water surface elevation.
CRITICAL FACILITY. Any facility which is critical to the health and welfare of the population and, if flooded, would create an added dimension to the disaster. Damage to these CRITICAL FACILITIES can impact the delivery of vital services, can cause greater damage to other sectors of the community, or can put special populations at risk. Examples of CRITICAL FACILITIES where flood protection should be required include: emergency services facilities (such as fire and police stations); schools; hospitals; retirement homes and senior care facilities; major roads and bridges; critical utility sites (telephone switching stations or electrical transformers); and hazardous material storage facilities (chemicals, petrochemicals, hazardous or toxic substances). Examples of CRITICAL FACILITIES where flood protection is recommended include: sewage treatment plants; water treatment plants; and pumping stations.
DAM. All obstructions, wall embankments or barriers, together with their abutments and appurtenant works, if any, constructed for the purpose of storing or diverting water or creating a pool. DAMS may also include weirs, restrictive culverts or impoundment structures. Underground water storage tanks are not included.
DESIGNATED FLOODWAY.
(1) The channel, including on-stream lakes, and that portion of the floodplain adjacent to a stream or watercourse, generally depicted on the FEMA FIRM map, which is needed to store and convey the existing 100-year frequency flood discharge with no more than a 0.1 foot increase in stage due to the loss of flood conveyance or storage, and no more than a 10% increase in velocities.
(2) The floodways are designated for on the countywide Flood Insurance Rate Map of Cook County prepared by FEMA and dated 8-19-2008. When two floodway maps exist for a waterway, the more restrictive floodway limit shall prevail. For the city, the REGULATORY/DESIGNATED FLOODWAYS are Midlothian Creek, Little Calumet River and Stony Creek.
(3) The floodways for those parts of unincorporated Cook County that are within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the city that may be annexed into the county are designated for any streams flowing through the city’s boundaries on the countywide Flood Insurance Rate Map prepared by FEMA and dated 8-19-2008.
(4) To locate the designated floodway boundary on any site, the designated floodway boundary should be scaled off the designated floodway map and located on a site plan, using reference marks common to both maps. Where interpretation is needed to determine the exact location of the designated floodway boundary, IDNR/OWR should be contacted for the interpretation.
DEVELOPMENT.
(1) Any human-made change to real estate, including:
(a) Construction, reconstruction, repair or placement of a building or any addition to a building;
(b) Installing a manufactured home on a site, preparing a site for a manufactured home, or installing a travel trailer or recreational vehicle on a site for more than 180 days. If the travel trailer or recreational vehicle is on site for more than 180 days, it must be fully licensed and ready for highway use;
(c) Drilling, mining, installing utilities, construction of roads, bridges or similar projects;
(d) Demolition of a structure or redevelopment of a site;
(e) Clearing of land as an adjunct of construction;
(f) Construction or erection of levees, walls, fences, dams or culverts; channel modification; filling, dredging, grading, excavating, paving or other non-agricultural alterations of the ground surface; storage of materials; deposit of solid or liquid waste;
(g) Any other activity of humans that might change the direction, height or velocity of flood or surface water, including extensive vegetation removal; and
(h) Substantial improvement of an existing building.
(2) DEVELOPMENT does not include routine maintenance of existing buildings and facilities such as re-roofing or re-surfacing of roads when there is no increase in elevation, or gardening, plowing and similar agricultural practices that do not involve filling, grading or construction of levees.
ELEVATION CERTIFICATES. A form published by FEMA that is used to certify the elevation to which a building has been elevated.
EROSION. The general process whereby soils are moved by flowing water or wave action.
EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS. Organizations which are exempt from this chapter per Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) including state, federal or local units of government.
EXISTING MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION. A manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) has been completed before 4-1-1990.
EXPANSION TO AN EXISTING MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION. The preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities, the construction of streets and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads).
FEMA. Federal Emergency Management Agency and its regulations at 44 C.F.R. parts 59 through 79, being 42 U.S.C. §§ 4001 through 4138, as amended.
FLOOD. A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from overflow of inland or tidal waves, or the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source.
FLOOD FREQUENCY. A period of years, based on a statistical analysis, during which a flood of a stated magnitude may be expected to be equaled or exceeded.
FLOOD FRINGE. The portion of the floodplain outside of the designated floodway. See commentary on “designated floodway”.
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAPS (FIRM). A map prepared by FEMA that depicts the special flood hazard area (SFHA) within a community. This map includes insurance rate zones and floodplains and may or may not depict floodways.
FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY. An examination, evaluation and determination of flood hazards and, if appropriate, corresponding water surface elevations.
FLOODPLAIN.
(1) Land typically adjacent to a body of water with ground surface elevations at or below the base flood or the 100-year frequency flood elevation. FLOODPLAINS may also include detached special flood hazard areas, ponding areas and the like. The FLOODPLAIN is also known as the SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREA (SFHA).
(2) The FLOODPLAINS are those lands within the jurisdiction of the county that are subject to inundation by the base flood or 100-year frequency flood. The SFHAs of the city are generally identified as such on panel number(s) 0637, 0645, 0639, 0643 and 0644 of the countywide Flood Insurance Rate Map of the city prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and dated 8-19-2008.
(3) The SFHAs of those parts of unincorporated Cook County that are within the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the city or that may be annexed into the city are generally identified as such on panel numbers(s) 0637, 0645, 0639, 0643 and 0644 of the countywide Flood Insurance Rate Map prepared for the county by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and dated 8-19-2008.
FLOODPROOFING. Any combination of structural and non-structural additions, changes or adjustments to structures which reduce or eliminate flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures and their contents.
FLOODPROOFING CERTIFICATE. A form published by FEMA that is used to certify that a building has been designed and constructed to be structurally dry floodproofed to the flood protection elevation.
FLOOD PROTECTION ELEVATION (FPE). The elevation of the base flood or 100-year frequency floods, plus one foot of freeboard at any given location in the SFHA.
FLOODWAY. See DESIGNATED FLOODWAY.
HISTORIC STRUCTURE. Any structure that is:
(1) Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places or preliminary determined by the Secretary of the Interior as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the National Register;
(2) Certified or preliminary determined by the Secretary of the Interior as contributing to the historic district or a district preliminary determined by the Secretary to qualify as a registered historic district;
(3) Individually listed on the state inventory of historic places by the State Historic Preservation Agency; and
(4) Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places that has been certified by the State Historic Preservation Agency.
HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS. Engineering analysis which determine expected flood flows and flood elevations based on land characteristics and rainfall events.
IDNR/OWR. Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Water Resources.
LETTER OF MAP AMENDMENT (LOMA). Official determination by FEMA that a specific structure is not in a 100-year floodplain; amends the FIRM.
LETTER OF MAP REVISION (LOMR). Letter that revises base flood or 100-year frequency flood elevations, floodplains or floodways as shown on an effective FIRM.
LOWEST FLOOR. The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement). An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage, in an area other than a basement area is not considered a building’s LOWEST FLOOR; provided that, such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable non-elevation design requirements of this chapter.
MANUFACTURED HOME. A structure, transportable in one or more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is designated for use with or without a permanent foundation when attached to the required utilities. The term MANUFACTURED HOME also includes park trailers, travel trailers and other similar vehicles placed on site for more than 180 consecutive days. The term MANUFACTURED HOME does not include a “recreational vehicle”.
MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION. A parcel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.
MITIGATION. Those measures necessary to minimize the negative effects which floodplain development activities might have on the public health, safety and welfare. Examples of MITIGATION include: excavation of compensatory storage, soil erosion and sedimentation control and channel restoration. MITIGATION may also include those activities taken to reduce a structure’s susceptibility to flooding.
NEW CONSTRUCTION. Structures for which the start of construction commenced on or after the effective date of a floodplain management regulation adopted by a community and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures.
NEW MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION. Manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) has been completed on or after 4-1-1990.
NAVD 88. National American Vertical Datum of 1988. NAVD 88 supersedes the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD).
NATURAL. When used in reference to channels means those channels formed by the existing surface topography of the earth prior to changes made by man. A NATURAL stream tends to follow a meandering path; its floodplain is not constrained by levees; the area near the bank has not been cleared, mowed or cultivated; the stream flows over soil and geologic materials typical of the area with no substantial alteration of the course or cross-section of the stream caused by filling or excavating. A modified channel may regain some NATURAL characteristics over time as the channel meanders and vegetation is re-established. Similarly, a modified channel may be restored to more NATURAL conditions by humans through regarding and revegetation.
ORDINARY HIGH WATER MARK (OHWM). The point on the bank or shore up to which the presence and action of surface water is so continuous so as to leave a distinctive mark such as by erosion, destruction or prevention of terrestrial vegetation, predominance of aquatic vegetation or other easily recognized characteristics.
PUBLIC BODIES OF WATERS. All open public streams and lakes capable of being navigated by watercraft, in whole or in part, for commercial uses and purposes, and all lakes, rivers and streams which, in their natural condition, were capable of being improved and made navigable, or that are connected with or discharge their waters into navigable lakes or rivers within, or upon the borders of the state, together with all bayous, sloughs, backwaters and submerged lands that are open to the main channel or body of water directly accessible thereto.
PUBLIC FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT. A flood control project which will be operated and maintained by a public agency to reduce flood damages to existing buildings and structures, including a hydrologic and hydraulic study of the existing and proposed conditions of the watershed. Nothing in this definition shall preclude the design, engineering, construction or financing, in whole or in part, of a flood control project by persons or parties who are not public agencies.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE or TRAVEL TRAILER. A vehicle which is:
(1) Built on a single chassis;
(2) Four hundred square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projection;
(3) Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light duty truck; and
(4) Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel or seasonal use.
REGIONAL PERMITS. Regional permits are offered for pre-approved projects which are considered minor projects that are permissible per IDNR/OWR part 3708 rules for Northeastern Illinois regulatory floodways. A complete listing of the terms and conditions for specific project types can be obtained from the IDNR/OWR website.
REGISTERED LAND SURVEYOR. A land surveyor registered in the state under the State Land Surveyors Act (225 ILCS 330/1 et seq.).
REGISTERED OR LICENSED PROFES- SIONAL ENGINEER. An engineer registered in the state under the State Professional Engineering Practice Act (225 ILCS 325/1 et seq.).
REPAIR, REMODELING OR MAINTE- NANCE. Development activities which do not result in any increases in the outside dimensions of a building or any changes to the dimensions of a structure.
REPETITIVE LOSS. Flood-related damages sustained by a structure on two separate occasions during a ten-year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event, on the average, equals or exceeds 25% of the market value of the structure before the damaged occurred.
RETENTION/DETENTION FACILITY. A RETENTION FACILITY stores storm water runoff without a gravity release. A DETENTION FACILITY provides for storage of storm water runoff and controlled release of this runoff during and after a flood or storm.
RIVERINE SFHA. Any SFHA subject to flooding from a river, creek, intermittent stream, ditch, on-stream lake system or any other identified channel. This term does not include areas subject to flooding from lakes, ponding areas, areas of sheet flow or other areas not subject to overbank flooding.
RUNOFF. The water derived from melting snow or rain falling on the land surface, flowing over the surface of the ground or collected in channels or conduits.
SEDIMENTATION. The processes that deposit soils, debris and other materials either on other ground surfaces or in bodies of water or watercourses.
SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD AREA (SFHA). See FLOODPLAIN.
START OF CONSTRUCTION. Includes substantial improvement, and means the date the building permit was issued; provided, the actual START of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition placement or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual START means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or placement of a manufactured home on a foundation.
STATEWIDE PERMITS. Statewide permits are offered for pre-approved projects that are considered minor projects which are permissible per the IDNR/OWR part 3700 rules. A complete listing of the STATEWIDE PERMITS and permit requirements can be obtained from the IDNR/OWR website.
STRUCTURE. See BUILDING.
SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE. Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cumulative percentage of damage subsequent to the adoption of this chapter equals or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred regardless of actual repair work performed. Volunteer labor and materials must be included in this determination. The term includes repetitive loss buildings. See REPETITIVE LOSS.
SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT.
(1) Any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition or improvement of a structure taking place subsequent to the adoption of this chapter in which the cumulative percentage of improvements equals or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the improvement or repair is started.
(2) SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT is considered to occur when the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor or other structural part of the building commences, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building. This term includes structures which have incurred repetitive loss or substantial damage, regardless of the actual work done.
(3) The term does not, however, include either:
(a) Any project for improvement of a structure to comply with existing state or local Health, Sanitary or Safety Code specifications which are solely necessary to assure safe living conditions; or
(b) Any alteration of a historic structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places or the Illinois Register of Historic Places; provided that, the alteration will not preclude the structure’s continued designation as a historic structure.
TRANSITION SECTION. Reaches of the stream or floodway where water flows from a narrow cross-section to a wide cross-section or vice versa.
VIOLATION. The failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant with the community’s floodplain management regulations. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications or other evidence of compliance is presumed to be in VIOLATION until such time as that documentation is provided.
(Prior Code, § 157.002) (Ord. 08-023, passed 7-22-2008)